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Dr Sarkki has PhD in anthropology (2011) and holds docentship on “anthropology of environmental governance” at University of Oulu (2013), Finland. Sarkki has worked in various research projects related to environmental governance. Sarkki’s research interests include science-policy interfaces, land use in northern areas, scenarios, participatory approaches and multi-level governance under the broader theme of environmental governance. Sarkki has published 57 peer reviewed (SCOPUS) publications in international journals with a h-index of 20.00. (Google scholar)
In this paper, we elaborate an Institutional Analysis and Reconfiguration Framework centered around the ‘action arena’ theoretical approach. We develop this framework to analyze institutional reconfiguration to enhance sustainability, and operationalize it using research methods which focus on documentation of the institutional contexts through an extensive literature review and interviews of experts in forest policy. We apply the Institutional Analysis and Reconfiguration Framework to examine forestry institutions, address forest governance, and investigate their effect on socio-economic and environmental performances in forestry of Ukraine. The paper draws on the state of affairs in post-transition forestry, its difficulties, and new prospects for economic and institutional reforms. We examine challenges and opportunities in forestry and suggest key remedies and prospective ways forward. Results show that a combination of path dependency with the rigidity of institutions and a slow pace of economic and political reforms is the major obstacle to implementing decisions regarding sustainable forest policy. A reconfiguration of social practices is required, as well as the development of capabilities and awareness raising amongst relevant stakeholders, to realize the problems, envision alternative futures, challenge existing institutions, shift power relations and create new norms, rules, and decision-making arrangements. The way towards sustainability in forestry largely goes through changing institutions, and a human dimension of institutional changes reflected in the uptake of social innovation.
Maria Nijnik; Tatiana Kluvánková; Mariana Melnykovych; Albert Nijnik; Serhiy Kopiy; Stanislava Brnkaľáková; Simo Sarkki; Leonid Kopiy; Igor Fizyk; Carla Barlagne; David Miller. An Institutional Analysis and Reconfiguration Framework for Sustainability Research on Post-Transition Forestry—A Focus on Ukraine. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4360 .
AMA StyleMaria Nijnik, Tatiana Kluvánková, Mariana Melnykovych, Albert Nijnik, Serhiy Kopiy, Stanislava Brnkaľáková, Simo Sarkki, Leonid Kopiy, Igor Fizyk, Carla Barlagne, David Miller. An Institutional Analysis and Reconfiguration Framework for Sustainability Research on Post-Transition Forestry—A Focus on Ukraine. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (8):4360.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Nijnik; Tatiana Kluvánková; Mariana Melnykovych; Albert Nijnik; Serhiy Kopiy; Stanislava Brnkaľáková; Simo Sarkki; Leonid Kopiy; Igor Fizyk; Carla Barlagne; David Miller. 2021. "An Institutional Analysis and Reconfiguration Framework for Sustainability Research on Post-Transition Forestry—A Focus on Ukraine." Sustainability 13, no. 8: 4360.
Social innovation (SI) impacts are long-term changes that affect different dimensions of territorial capital (i.e., economy, society, environment, governance) for the territory in which SI occurs. Yet, systematic empirical evidence and theoretically sound assessments of the impacts of SI are scarce. This paper aims to fill the gap and assess the different aspects of SI’s impacts in European and Mediterranean areas that are characterized by marginalization processes. To assess the impacts of SI in marginalized areas, we use the evaluation framework developed within the Social Innovation in Marginalized Rural Areas (SIMRA) Horizon 2020 project and apply it to nine SI initiatives related to the fields of agriculture, fisheries, forestry, and rural development. Our findings show that SI produces cross-sectoral (societal, economic, environmental, and governmental) and multi-level impacts (on individuals, community, and society), which have improved the societal well-being, and contributed to the reduction of certain forms of marginality, mainly inside the territory in which SI occurred.
Elisa Ravazzoli; Cristina Dalla Torre; Riccardo Da Re; Valentino Marini Govigli; Laura Secco; Elena Górriz-Mifsud; Elena Pisani; Carla Barlagne; Antonio Baselice; Mohammed Bengoumi; Marijke Dijskhoorn-Dekker; Arbia Labidi; Antonio Lopolito; Mariana Melnykovych; Manfred Perlik; Nico Polman; Simo Sarkki; Achilleas Vassilopoulos; Phoebe Koundouri; David Miller; Thomas Streifeneder; Maria Nijnik. Can Social Innovation Make a Change in European and Mediterranean Marginalized Areas? Social Innovation Impact Assessment in Agriculture, Fisheries, Forestry, and Rural Development. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1823 .
AMA StyleElisa Ravazzoli, Cristina Dalla Torre, Riccardo Da Re, Valentino Marini Govigli, Laura Secco, Elena Górriz-Mifsud, Elena Pisani, Carla Barlagne, Antonio Baselice, Mohammed Bengoumi, Marijke Dijskhoorn-Dekker, Arbia Labidi, Antonio Lopolito, Mariana Melnykovych, Manfred Perlik, Nico Polman, Simo Sarkki, Achilleas Vassilopoulos, Phoebe Koundouri, David Miller, Thomas Streifeneder, Maria Nijnik. Can Social Innovation Make a Change in European and Mediterranean Marginalized Areas? Social Innovation Impact Assessment in Agriculture, Fisheries, Forestry, and Rural Development. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (4):1823.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElisa Ravazzoli; Cristina Dalla Torre; Riccardo Da Re; Valentino Marini Govigli; Laura Secco; Elena Górriz-Mifsud; Elena Pisani; Carla Barlagne; Antonio Baselice; Mohammed Bengoumi; Marijke Dijskhoorn-Dekker; Arbia Labidi; Antonio Lopolito; Mariana Melnykovych; Manfred Perlik; Nico Polman; Simo Sarkki; Achilleas Vassilopoulos; Phoebe Koundouri; David Miller; Thomas Streifeneder; Maria Nijnik. 2021. "Can Social Innovation Make a Change in European and Mediterranean Marginalized Areas? Social Innovation Impact Assessment in Agriculture, Fisheries, Forestry, and Rural Development." Sustainability 13, no. 4: 1823.
Social innovations can tackle various challenges related to gender equity in rural areas, especially when such innovations are initiated and developed by women themselves. We examine cases located in rural areas of Canada, Italy, Lebanon, Morocco, and Serbia, where women are marginalized by gender roles, patriarchal values, male dominated economy and policy, and lack of opportunities for education and employment. Our objective is to analyze five case studies on how women-led social innovation processes can tackle gender equity related challenges manifested at the levels of everyday practice, institutions, and cognitive frames. The analyses are based on interviews, workshops, literature screening, and are examined via the qualitative abductive method. Results summarize challenges that rural women are facing, explore social innovation initiatives as promising solutions, and analyze their implications on gender equity in the five case studies. Based on our results we propose a new concept: reconstructive social innovation cycle. It refers to is defined as cyclical innovation processes that engage women via civil society initiatives. These initiatives reconstruct the existing state of affairs, by questioning marginalizing and discriminative practices, institutions, and cognitive frames that are often perceived as normal. The new concept helps with to assessing the implications that women-led social innovations have for gender equity.
Simo Sarkki; Cristina Torre; Jasmiini Fransala; Ivana Živojinović; Alice Ludvig; Elena Górriz-Mifsud; Mariana Melnykovych; Patricia Sfeir; Labidi Arbia; Mohammed Bengoumi; Houda Chorti; Verena Gramm; Lucía López Marco; Elisa Ravazzoli; Maria Nijnik. Reconstructive Social Innovation Cycles in Women-Led Initiatives in Rural Areas. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1231 .
AMA StyleSimo Sarkki, Cristina Torre, Jasmiini Fransala, Ivana Živojinović, Alice Ludvig, Elena Górriz-Mifsud, Mariana Melnykovych, Patricia Sfeir, Labidi Arbia, Mohammed Bengoumi, Houda Chorti, Verena Gramm, Lucía López Marco, Elisa Ravazzoli, Maria Nijnik. Reconstructive Social Innovation Cycles in Women-Led Initiatives in Rural Areas. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (3):1231.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSimo Sarkki; Cristina Torre; Jasmiini Fransala; Ivana Živojinović; Alice Ludvig; Elena Górriz-Mifsud; Mariana Melnykovych; Patricia Sfeir; Labidi Arbia; Mohammed Bengoumi; Houda Chorti; Verena Gramm; Lucía López Marco; Elisa Ravazzoli; Maria Nijnik. 2021. "Reconstructive Social Innovation Cycles in Women-Led Initiatives in Rural Areas." Sustainability 13, no. 3: 1231.
Ecological restoration is key to counteracting anthropogenic degradation of biodiversity and to reducing disaster risk. However, there is limited knowledge of barriers hindering the wider implementation of restoration practices, despite high level political priority to halt the loss of biodiversity. In Europe, progress on ecological restoration has been slow and insufficient to meet international agreements and comply with European Union Nature Directives. We assessed European restoration experts' perceptions on barriers to restoration in Europe, and their relative importance, through a multiple expert consultation using a Delphi process. We found that experts share a common multi‐dimensional concept of ecological restoration. Experts identified a large number of barriers (33) to the advancement of ecological restoration in Europe. Major barriers pertained to the socio‐economic, not the environmental, domain. The three most important being insufficient funding, conflicting interests among different stakeholders and low political priority given to restoration. Our results emphasize the need to increase political commitment at all levels, comply with existing nature laws, and optimize the use of financial resources by increasing funds for ecological restoration and eradicate environmentally harmful subsidies. The experts also call for the integration of ecological restoration into land‐use planning and facilitating stakeholders' collaboration. Our study identifies key barriers, discusses ways to overcome the main barriers to ER in Europe, and contributes knowledge to support the implementation of the European Biodiversity Strategy for 2030, and the EU 2030 Restoration Plan in particular.
Jordi Cortina‐Segarra; Ismael García‐Sánchez; Miriam Grace; Pilar Andrés; Susan Baker; Craig Bullock; Kris Decleer; Lynn V. Dicks; Judith L. Fisher; Jan Frouz; Agata Klimkowska; Apostolos P. Kyriazopoulos; David Moreno‐Mateos; Patricia M. Rodríguez‐González; Simo Sarkki; Jorge L. Ventocilla. Barriers to ecological restoration in Europe: expert perspectives. Restoration Ecology 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleJordi Cortina‐Segarra, Ismael García‐Sánchez, Miriam Grace, Pilar Andrés, Susan Baker, Craig Bullock, Kris Decleer, Lynn V. Dicks, Judith L. Fisher, Jan Frouz, Agata Klimkowska, Apostolos P. Kyriazopoulos, David Moreno‐Mateos, Patricia M. Rodríguez‐González, Simo Sarkki, Jorge L. Ventocilla. Barriers to ecological restoration in Europe: expert perspectives. Restoration Ecology. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJordi Cortina‐Segarra; Ismael García‐Sánchez; Miriam Grace; Pilar Andrés; Susan Baker; Craig Bullock; Kris Decleer; Lynn V. Dicks; Judith L. Fisher; Jan Frouz; Agata Klimkowska; Apostolos P. Kyriazopoulos; David Moreno‐Mateos; Patricia M. Rodríguez‐González; Simo Sarkki; Jorge L. Ventocilla. 2021. "Barriers to ecological restoration in Europe: expert perspectives." Restoration Ecology , no. : 1.
Social innovation is recognised for its potential to turn societal challenges into opportunities and develop sustainable solutions for people and nature. We identify and examine challenges that Ukrainian forestry is facing and apply an “action arena” conceptual approach to explore whether and how social innovation can enhance the sustainable development of forestry. We develop a framework to analyse the reconfiguration of social practices by using research methods that focus on the use of documentation of the institutional contexts and interviewing forest policy experts, as well as stakeholder evaluation of the challenges and ways forward for Ukrainian forestry. We apply the Q-method to identify stakeholder attitudes and examine the role of people in the reconfiguring of social practices and promoting sustainable development of the forest sector. Implications for changing the rules of the game and institutional perspectives on forestry are identified, with examples of social innovation initiatives presented. Results show that to emerge, develop, and be transformative, social innovation must have supporting institutional conditions to create new norms, rules, and social practices. Relevant stakeholders need to envision alternative futures, reshape places, and become more actively engaged in decision-making processes. We identify the key directions for changing the rules of the game and the opportunities that social innovation has to offer.
Maria Nijnik; Tatiana Kluvánková; Albert Nijnik; Serhiy Kopiy; Mariana Melnykovych; Simo Sarkki; Carla Barlagne; Stanislava Brnkaláková; Leonid Kopiy; Igor Fizyk; David Miller. Is There a Scope for Social Innovation in Ukrainian Forestry? Sustainability 2020, 12, 9674 .
AMA StyleMaria Nijnik, Tatiana Kluvánková, Albert Nijnik, Serhiy Kopiy, Mariana Melnykovych, Simo Sarkki, Carla Barlagne, Stanislava Brnkaláková, Leonid Kopiy, Igor Fizyk, David Miller. Is There a Scope for Social Innovation in Ukrainian Forestry? Sustainability. 2020; 12 (22):9674.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Nijnik; Tatiana Kluvánková; Albert Nijnik; Serhiy Kopiy; Mariana Melnykovych; Simo Sarkki; Carla Barlagne; Stanislava Brnkaláková; Leonid Kopiy; Igor Fizyk; David Miller. 2020. "Is There a Scope for Social Innovation in Ukrainian Forestry?" Sustainability 12, no. 22: 9674.
The implementation challenge of ecosystem-based (fisheries) management (EB(F)M) has entailed calls for integrated governance (IG) approaches in the marine field. We arranged an expert workshop to study the preconditions and applicability of IG, and to suggest how IG could be arranged in practice. Focusing on the management of the dioxin problem shared by the herring and salmon fisheries in the Baltic Sea, and using a coupled ‘insight network’- SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats) methodology, we evaluated two scenarios: 1) IG of herring and salmon fisheries to benefit from collaboration between these fisheries that suffer from the same problem, and 2) IG between the fisheries sector and the food/public health sector to incorporate food safety in fisheries governance. Our results demonstrate that a variety of societal, political, institutional, operational, instrumental, and biological factors affect the applicability of IG in marine contexts, and work as preconditions for IG. While societal needs for IG were obvious in our case, as major challenges for it we identified the competing cross-sectoral objectives, path dependencies, and limitations of experts to think and work across fields. The study suggests that establishing an IG framework by adding new aspects upon the current governance structures may be easier to accept and adapt to, than creating new strategic or advisory bodies or other new capacities. Viewing IG as a framework for understanding cross-sectoral issues instead of one that requires a defined level and form of integrated assessment and management may be a way towards social learning, and thereby towards the implementation of more sophisticated, open and broad EB(F)M frameworks.
Päivi Haapasaari; Suvi Ignatius; Mia Pihlajamäki; Andreas Bryhn; Simo Sarkki; Jouni Tuomisto; Lauri Nevalainen; Annukka Lehikoinen; Timo Assmuth; Atso Romakkaniemi; Heikki Peltonen; Sakari Kuikka. Integrated governance for managing multidimensional problems: Potentials, challenges, and arrangements. Marine Policy 2020, 123, 104276 .
AMA StylePäivi Haapasaari, Suvi Ignatius, Mia Pihlajamäki, Andreas Bryhn, Simo Sarkki, Jouni Tuomisto, Lauri Nevalainen, Annukka Lehikoinen, Timo Assmuth, Atso Romakkaniemi, Heikki Peltonen, Sakari Kuikka. Integrated governance for managing multidimensional problems: Potentials, challenges, and arrangements. Marine Policy. 2020; 123 ():104276.
Chicago/Turabian StylePäivi Haapasaari; Suvi Ignatius; Mia Pihlajamäki; Andreas Bryhn; Simo Sarkki; Jouni Tuomisto; Lauri Nevalainen; Annukka Lehikoinen; Timo Assmuth; Atso Romakkaniemi; Heikki Peltonen; Sakari Kuikka. 2020. "Integrated governance for managing multidimensional problems: Potentials, challenges, and arrangements." Marine Policy 123, no. : 104276.
The stakeholder concept has dominated academic discussions for a number of years and has functioned as a normative guide for natural resource management. However, there are at least three characteristics in stakeholder approaches: (1) all-inclusivity; (2) prioritization of economic interests; (3) ahistorical view on rights, which risk continued marginalization of indigenous people and the practitioners of traditional livelihoods despite of the intention to nurture indigenous and local participation by acknowledging them as stakeholders. We propose, in the context of natural resource governance, to address these biases by recognising indigenous and local traditional livelihood practitioners as rights-holders. We examine in turn: (1) how to conceptualise rights-holders in governance through a social equity perspective (2) why indigenous and local traditional livelihood practitioners should be considered as rights-holders instead of stakeholders, and (3) some of the implications and tensions associated with considering traditional livelihood practitioners, including both indigenous and non-indigenous groups and individuals, as rights-holders. We illustrate and examine these questions in a case study of reindeer herding in Finland. In Finland, today, reindeer herding is practiced by both Sámi and Finn herders and, based on a social equity perspective, both groups can be considered rights-holders if we acknowledge reindeer herding as a traditional livelihood practice. As traditional livelihood practitioners, herder have their whole way of life at stake and ultimately depend on access to land. In addition, herders have (had) detailed systems of customary rights preceding effective state-based governance in the north. Such institutions are particularly pronounced for Sámi reindeer herders but are applicable to both groups. Our conceptualisation of rights-holders thus recognises herders as categorically different from stakeholders, whose stakes are typically economic. It provides an incentive to increase the efforts of recognizing and treating herders as rights-holders in land use governance and thereby addresses some of the apparent gaps when it comes to implementation of indigenous rights and rights to participation in environmental governance. In this essay we also discuss differences in rights between Sámi and ethnic Finn reindeer herders and some of the conceptual and practical tensions that arise as a consequence of our approach. We conclude that efforts to recognise and reframe herders as rights-holders rather than stakeholders in land use governance are important and a potential tool to increase social equity of land use for reindeer herders.
Simo Sarkki; Hannu I. Heikkinen; Annette Löf. Reindeer Herders as Stakeholders or Rights-Holders? Introducing a Social Equity-Based Conceptualization Relevant for Indigenous and Local Communities. The Interconnected Arctic — UArctic Congress 2016 2020, 271 -292.
AMA StyleSimo Sarkki, Hannu I. Heikkinen, Annette Löf. Reindeer Herders as Stakeholders or Rights-Holders? Introducing a Social Equity-Based Conceptualization Relevant for Indigenous and Local Communities. The Interconnected Arctic — UArctic Congress 2016. 2020; ():271-292.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSimo Sarkki; Hannu I. Heikkinen; Annette Löf. 2020. "Reindeer Herders as Stakeholders or Rights-Holders? Introducing a Social Equity-Based Conceptualization Relevant for Indigenous and Local Communities." The Interconnected Arctic — UArctic Congress 2016 , no. : 271-292.
This paper considers the hilsa shad (Tenualosa ilisha) fishery of southern Bangladesh as a case study regarding governance and power dynamics at play in a small-scale fishery, and the relevance of these for the sustainable management of coastal fisheries. Qualitative methods, involving in-depth individual interviews (n = 128) and focus group discussions (n = 8) with key stakeholders in the hilsa fishery, were used to capture multiple perspectives on governance from those in different positions in the relative power structures studied, while facilitating insightful discussions and reflections. The analysis here is based on a power cube framework along three power dimensions (levels, spaces, and forms) in Bangladesh's hilsa fishery. The study displays an imbalance in the present hilsa governance structure, with some stakeholders exercising more power than others, sidelining small-scale fishers, and encouraging increasing illegal fishing levels that ultimately harm both the fisheries and those dependent on them. To overcome this, we propose a co-management system that can play a vital role in equalizing power asymmetry among hilsa fishery stakeholders and ensure effective hilsa fishery governance. Our results suggest that recognizing analyzed power dynamics has substantial implications for the planning and implementation of such co-management and the long-term sustainability of the hilsa fishery.
Mohammad Mojibul Hoque Mozumder; Aili Pyhälä; Abdul Wahab; Simo Sarkki; Petra Schneider; Mohammad Mahmudul Islam. Governance and Power Dynamics in a Small-Scale Hilsa Shad (Tenualosa ilisha) Fishery: A Case Study from Bangladesh. Sustainability 2020, 12, 5738 .
AMA StyleMohammad Mojibul Hoque Mozumder, Aili Pyhälä, Abdul Wahab, Simo Sarkki, Petra Schneider, Mohammad Mahmudul Islam. Governance and Power Dynamics in a Small-Scale Hilsa Shad (Tenualosa ilisha) Fishery: A Case Study from Bangladesh. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (14):5738.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammad Mojibul Hoque Mozumder; Aili Pyhälä; Abdul Wahab; Simo Sarkki; Petra Schneider; Mohammad Mahmudul Islam. 2020. "Governance and Power Dynamics in a Small-Scale Hilsa Shad (Tenualosa ilisha) Fishery: A Case Study from Bangladesh." Sustainability 12, no. 14: 5738.
Simo Sarkki; Sirpa Rasmus; Mia Landauer; Élise Lépy; Hannu I. Heikkinen. Matching societal knowledge demand, research funding and scientific knowledge supply: trends and co-creation dynamics around reindeer management in Finland. Polar Geography 2020, 1 -22.
AMA StyleSimo Sarkki, Sirpa Rasmus, Mia Landauer, Élise Lépy, Hannu I. Heikkinen. Matching societal knowledge demand, research funding and scientific knowledge supply: trends and co-creation dynamics around reindeer management in Finland. Polar Geography. 2020; ():1-22.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSimo Sarkki; Sirpa Rasmus; Mia Landauer; Élise Lépy; Hannu I. Heikkinen. 2020. "Matching societal knowledge demand, research funding and scientific knowledge supply: trends and co-creation dynamics around reindeer management in Finland." Polar Geography , no. : 1-22.
Mia Pihlajamäki; Inari Helle; Päivi Haapasaari; Simo Sarkki; Sakari Kuikka; Annukka Lehikoinen. Catching the future: Applying Bayesian belief networks to exploratory scenario storylines to assess long‐term changes in Baltic herring ( Clupea harengus membras, Clupeidae) and salmon ( Salmo salar, Salmonidae) fisheries. Fish and Fisheries 2020, 21, 797 -812.
AMA StyleMia Pihlajamäki, Inari Helle, Päivi Haapasaari, Simo Sarkki, Sakari Kuikka, Annukka Lehikoinen. Catching the future: Applying Bayesian belief networks to exploratory scenario storylines to assess long‐term changes in Baltic herring ( Clupea harengus membras, Clupeidae) and salmon ( Salmo salar, Salmonidae) fisheries. Fish and Fisheries. 2020; 21 (4):797-812.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMia Pihlajamäki; Inari Helle; Päivi Haapasaari; Simo Sarkki; Sakari Kuikka; Annukka Lehikoinen. 2020. "Catching the future: Applying Bayesian belief networks to exploratory scenario storylines to assess long‐term changes in Baltic herring ( Clupea harengus membras, Clupeidae) and salmon ( Salmo salar, Salmonidae) fisheries." Fish and Fisheries 21, no. 4: 797-812.
We examine roles and knowledge by which researchers can enhance connections between science, policy, and society. We arranged a participatory scenario workshop with representatives from environmental administration to discuss how different land-use governance arrangements link to sustainability of reindeer herding in northern Finland. We used fast track scenarios as boundary objects that aimed to bring reindeer herders’ problem definitions to be discussed with administrators. First, we performed the role of science arbiter by using our previous research with reindeer herders as the starting point for the discussions. Next, we discussed and elaborated diverse future alternatives via the role of honest broker. Finally, we were interpreted as issue advocates because the scenario exercise reduced the scope of preferable policy options for administrators. Performing these boundary-spanning roles in the same process, but each, in turn, enables researchers to offer views on sustainability via scenarios that break easily acceptable conventions.
Simo Sarkki; Hannu I Heikkinen; Teresa Komu; Mari Partanen; Karoliina Vanhanen; Élise Lépy. How boundary objects help to perform roles of science arbiter, honest broker, and issue advocate. Science and Public Policy 2019, 47, 161 -171.
AMA StyleSimo Sarkki, Hannu I Heikkinen, Teresa Komu, Mari Partanen, Karoliina Vanhanen, Élise Lépy. How boundary objects help to perform roles of science arbiter, honest broker, and issue advocate. Science and Public Policy. 2019; 47 (2):161-171.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSimo Sarkki; Hannu I Heikkinen; Teresa Komu; Mari Partanen; Karoliina Vanhanen; Élise Lépy. 2019. "How boundary objects help to perform roles of science arbiter, honest broker, and issue advocate." Science and Public Policy 47, no. 2: 161-171.
Small-scale fisheries (SSFs) have been playing a crucial role in meeting the basic needs of millions of people around the world. Despite this, the sustainability of global fisheries is a growing concern, and the factors enabling or constraining the sustainable management of small-scale fisheries remain poorly understood. Hilsa shad (Tenualosa ilisha) is the single most valuable species harvested in Bangladesh waters, serves nutrition, income, and employment to the large population. This study analyzed the state and challenges of hilsa fishery in the Gangetic River systems (Padma and Meghna Rivers) by using two frameworks, namely the social-ecological systems (SES) and drivers-pressure-state-impact-responses (DPSIR) frameworks. Primary data for this analysis were collected by in-depth interviews (n = 130) and focus group discussions (n = 8) with various stakeholders in the hilsa fisheries. The perspectives explored here have been both critical and constructive, including the identification of problems and suggestions for improving the management of this particular social-ecological system. Hilsa fisheries, however, have come under severe threat since 2003 because of population growth, overfishing, pollution, climate change, the disruption of migration routes due to siltation, etc. All these have caused reduced catches and less stable incomes for fishers. This, in turn, has led to poverty, malnutrition, social tensions, stakeholder conflicts, and debt cycles amongst more impoverished fishing communities. These problems have been compounded by improved fishing technology amongst larger-scale ventures, the use of illegal fishing gears, and the non-compliance of government fishery management programs. Recommendations include the promotion of community-supported fisheries, the enhancement of stakeholder’s social resilience, the introduction of co-management approach, an increase in incentives and formal financial supports, and possible community-managed sustainable ecotourism including hilsa fishing-based tourism.
Mohammad Mojibul Hoque Mozumder; Aili Pyhälä; Abdul Wahab; Simo Sarkki; Petra Schneider; Mohammad Mahmudul Islam. Understanding Social-Ecological Challenges of a Small-Scale Hilsa (Tenualosa ilisha) Fishery in Bangladesh. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019, 16, 4814 .
AMA StyleMohammad Mojibul Hoque Mozumder, Aili Pyhälä, Abdul Wahab, Simo Sarkki, Petra Schneider, Mohammad Mahmudul Islam. Understanding Social-Ecological Challenges of a Small-Scale Hilsa (Tenualosa ilisha) Fishery in Bangladesh. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16 (23):4814.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammad Mojibul Hoque Mozumder; Aili Pyhälä; Abdul Wahab; Simo Sarkki; Petra Schneider; Mohammad Mahmudul Islam. 2019. "Understanding Social-Ecological Challenges of a Small-Scale Hilsa (Tenualosa ilisha) Fishery in Bangladesh." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 23: 4814.
This article focuses on the dioxin problem of Baltic herring and salmon fisheries and its governance that is based on natural scientific knowledge. The dioxin problem weakens the perceived quality of Baltic salmon and herring as food and affects the way the catches can be used. This influences negatively the fishing livelihood, the coastal culture, and the availability of the fish for consumers. We explored how the governance of the dioxin problem could be improved, to better address its socio-economic and cultural implications. We identified four main actions: (1) adopt environmental, economic and social sustainability, and food security and safety as shared principles between the environmental, food safety/public health, and fisheries policies, (2) establish collaboration between the environmental, public health, and fisheries sectors at the regional level, (3) enhance interaction around the dioxin problem within the fisheries sector, and (4) support the participation of the Baltic fisheries stakeholders in the EU-level food safety governance. Viewing dioxins in fish not only as a natural scientific problem but as a multidimensional one would enable a wider toolbox of governing instruments to be developed to better address the different dimensions. This would support steps towards collaborative governance and a food system approach.
Päivi Haapasaari; Suvi Ignatius; Mia Pihlajamäki; Simo Sarkki; Jouni T. Tuomisto; Alyne Delaney. How to improve governance of a complex social-ecological problem? Dioxins in Baltic salmon and herring. Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning 2019, 21, 649 -661.
AMA StylePäivi Haapasaari, Suvi Ignatius, Mia Pihlajamäki, Simo Sarkki, Jouni T. Tuomisto, Alyne Delaney. How to improve governance of a complex social-ecological problem? Dioxins in Baltic salmon and herring. Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning. 2019; 21 (6):649-661.
Chicago/Turabian StylePäivi Haapasaari; Suvi Ignatius; Mia Pihlajamäki; Simo Sarkki; Jouni T. Tuomisto; Alyne Delaney. 2019. "How to improve governance of a complex social-ecological problem? Dioxins in Baltic salmon and herring." Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning 21, no. 6: 649-661.
Annika E. Nilsson; Marcus Carson; Douglas S. Cost; Bruce C. Forbes; Riina Haavisto; Anna Karlsdottir; Joan Nymand Larsen; Øyvind Paasche; Simo Sarkki; Sanne Vammen Larsen; Alexander Pelyasov. Towards improved participatory scenario methodologies in the Arctic. Polar Geography 2019, 1 -15.
AMA StyleAnnika E. Nilsson, Marcus Carson, Douglas S. Cost, Bruce C. Forbes, Riina Haavisto, Anna Karlsdottir, Joan Nymand Larsen, Øyvind Paasche, Simo Sarkki, Sanne Vammen Larsen, Alexander Pelyasov. Towards improved participatory scenario methodologies in the Arctic. Polar Geography. 2019; ():1-15.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnnika E. Nilsson; Marcus Carson; Douglas S. Cost; Bruce C. Forbes; Riina Haavisto; Anna Karlsdottir; Joan Nymand Larsen; Øyvind Paasche; Simo Sarkki; Sanne Vammen Larsen; Alexander Pelyasov. 2019. "Towards improved participatory scenario methodologies in the Arctic." Polar Geography , no. : 1-15.
Science-policy interface organizations and initiatives (SPIORG) are a key component of environmental governance designed to make links between science and society. However, the sciencepolicy interface literature lacks a structured approach to explaining the impacts of context on and by these initiatives. To better understand these impacts on and interactions with governance, this paper uses the concept of the governance ‘meshwork’ to explore how dynamic processes – encompassing prior, current and anticipated interactions – coproduce knowledge and impact via processes, negotiation and networking activities at multiple governance levels. To illustrate the interactions between SPIORGs and governance meshwork we use five cases representing archetypal SPIORGs. These cases demonstrate how all initiatives and organizations link to their contexts in complex and unique ways, yet also identifies ten important aspects that connect the governance meshwork to SPIORGs. These aspects of the meshwork, together with the typology of organizations, provide a comprehensive framework that can help make sense how the SPIORGs are embedded in the surrounding governance contexts. We highlight that SPIORGs must purposively consider and engage with their contexts to increase their potential impact on knowledge co-production and policy making.
Simo Sarkki; Estelle Balian; Ulrich Heink; Hans Keune; Carsten Nesshöver; Jari Niemelä; Rob Tinch; Sybille Van Den Hove; Allan Watt; Kerry A. Waylen; Juliette C. Young. Managing science-policy interfaces for impact: Interactions within the environmental governance meshwork. Environmental Science & Policy 2019, 113, 21 -30.
AMA StyleSimo Sarkki, Estelle Balian, Ulrich Heink, Hans Keune, Carsten Nesshöver, Jari Niemelä, Rob Tinch, Sybille Van Den Hove, Allan Watt, Kerry A. Waylen, Juliette C. Young. Managing science-policy interfaces for impact: Interactions within the environmental governance meshwork. Environmental Science & Policy. 2019; 113 ():21-30.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSimo Sarkki; Estelle Balian; Ulrich Heink; Hans Keune; Carsten Nesshöver; Jari Niemelä; Rob Tinch; Sybille Van Den Hove; Allan Watt; Kerry A. Waylen; Juliette C. Young. 2019. "Managing science-policy interfaces for impact: Interactions within the environmental governance meshwork." Environmental Science & Policy 113, no. : 21-30.
We studied the role of human values in social innovations (SIs) in four forest-dependent communities (FDCs) in Europe. We draw on 71 semi-structured interviews with FDC members in Finland, Slovenia, the UK and Ukraine, and a survey of householders (n = 150) and focus group interviews with related stakeholders in Ukraine. The material collected was analyzed with mixed methods with respect to relational values as catalysts and consequences of SI. Relational values, which are derivative of the relationships between human and non-human world, and responsibilities towards these relationships, were divided into three categories: Doing, Belonging and Respecting. Doing encompasses the individual's perspective of the opportunities offered by nature to individuals. Belonging encompasses a communal dimension of values manifested as the experience of “being at home” in social collectives and landscapes. Respecting addresses environmental and social justice. Common cause for SI was the need of FDCs to sustain or enhance relational values linked to forests while, once emerged, SIs also have potential to become global game-changers. SI encompasses the reconfiguration of: i) forest management and use, ii) decision-making structures and processes, and iii) stakeholder's perceptions of sustainability. Examples include the co-management arrangement between a State forestry enterprise and the local community, buying woodland from the State by the FDCs to enable community forestry, reinvention of traditional forest management, and the active involvement of FDC members in halting illegal logging. As a conclusion, we developed a general value hierarchy accounting for value plurality in which relational, instrumental and intrinsic values can be interpreted from any perspective.
Simo Sarkki; Andrej Ficko; David Miller; Carla Barlagne; Mariana Melnykovych; Mikko Jokinen; Ihor Soloviy; Maria Nijnik. Human values as catalysts and consequences of social innovations. Forest Policy and Economics 2019, 104, 33 -44.
AMA StyleSimo Sarkki, Andrej Ficko, David Miller, Carla Barlagne, Mariana Melnykovych, Mikko Jokinen, Ihor Soloviy, Maria Nijnik. Human values as catalysts and consequences of social innovations. Forest Policy and Economics. 2019; 104 ():33-44.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSimo Sarkki; Andrej Ficko; David Miller; Carla Barlagne; Mariana Melnykovych; Mikko Jokinen; Ihor Soloviy; Maria Nijnik. 2019. "Human values as catalysts and consequences of social innovations." Forest Policy and Economics 104, no. : 33-44.
Tuning participatory processes is often insufficient to achieve transition from authoritative state to democratic and participatory forest governance due to institutional inertia and unwillingness to truly decentralize decision-making power. Social innovations as reconfigurations of relationships between state, market actors, civil society and science can help to meet concerns of local people about forest Ecosystem Services (ES). In Ukraine, the Swiss-Ukrainian Forest Development (FORZA) pilot project initiated a social innovation process complementing regional forest planning with local participatory community development plans in Transcarpathia. This paper examines what kind of changes need to accompany the succession of participatory practices in transition processes from authoritative state to democratic forest governance, and what are the lessons learned for social innovations based on the Ukrainian case study. This paper synthesizes knowledge on the FORZA case analyzed by inductive content analysis, and integrates these local level results with a national survey (N = 244) on Ukrainian forest governance. Transition processes need to go “beyond participation” by (i) legal reforms to better acknowledge ES important for local people, (ii) a change from an exclusive focus on timber to acknowledging multiple ES, (iii) changed spatial and temporal rationales of state-based governance, and (iv) recognition of local people as credible experts. Social innovations can detect key barriers to the transition during the policy experiments, and need to pay significant attention on how the novel practices can be sustained after the pilot, replicated elsewhere and up-scaled. Without such considerations, social innovation projects may only remain as a marginal curiosity.
Simo Sarkki; Taras Parpan; Mariana Melnykovych; Lyudmyla Zahvoyska; Juriy Derbal; Nataliya Voloshyna; Maria Nijnik. Beyond participation! Social innovations facilitating movement from authoritative state to participatory forest governance in Ukraine. Landscape Ecology 2019, 34, 1601 -1618.
AMA StyleSimo Sarkki, Taras Parpan, Mariana Melnykovych, Lyudmyla Zahvoyska, Juriy Derbal, Nataliya Voloshyna, Maria Nijnik. Beyond participation! Social innovations facilitating movement from authoritative state to participatory forest governance in Ukraine. Landscape Ecology. 2019; 34 (7):1601-1618.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSimo Sarkki; Taras Parpan; Mariana Melnykovych; Lyudmyla Zahvoyska; Juriy Derbal; Nataliya Voloshyna; Maria Nijnik. 2019. "Beyond participation! Social innovations facilitating movement from authoritative state to participatory forest governance in Ukraine." Landscape Ecology 34, no. 7: 1601-1618.
Finding ways to manage interrelations between conservation objectives and social goals is of interest to conservation biologists, social scientists, policy makers, and local and indigenous communities. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Simo Sarkki; Nicolás Acosta García. Merging social equity and conservation goals in IPBES. Conservation Biology 2019, 33, 1214 -1218.
AMA StyleSimo Sarkki, Nicolás Acosta García. Merging social equity and conservation goals in IPBES. Conservation Biology. 2019; 33 (5):1214-1218.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSimo Sarkki; Nicolás Acosta García. 2019. "Merging social equity and conservation goals in IPBES." Conservation Biology 33, no. 5: 1214-1218.
Baltic herring can function as a sustainable protein source in the future. Methodologies integrating normative and exploratory scenarios needed Theory to understand HOW normative goals behave across futures Multiple drivers, stakeholders, scenarios and goals must be looked simultaneously.
Simo Sarkki; Mia Pihlajamäki. Baltic herring for food: Shades of grey in how backcasting recommendations work across exploratory scenarios. Technological Forecasting and Social Change 2018, 139, 200 -209.
AMA StyleSimo Sarkki, Mia Pihlajamäki. Baltic herring for food: Shades of grey in how backcasting recommendations work across exploratory scenarios. Technological Forecasting and Social Change. 2018; 139 ():200-209.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSimo Sarkki; Mia Pihlajamäki. 2018. "Baltic herring for food: Shades of grey in how backcasting recommendations work across exploratory scenarios." Technological Forecasting and Social Change 139, no. : 200-209.
The term “social innovation” (SI) is currently applied to denote a broad range of activities connected to explicit goals and supposedly designed to address inherent societal problems. These problems are rooted in current economic and ecological crises, such as poverty, unemployment, forced migration, brain drain, social inequality or environmental destruction. This article focuses on the EU and national policies that have the potential to support Social Innovation in rural areas and maps possible future policy efforts in this regard. However, many of the policies that we find to have potential for possible effective social innovation support do not have much in common concerning their targets. In consequence, the article outlines a threefold typology for categorizing the different policy targets that have impacts on social innovation in rural areas: (i) policies targeting vulnerable social groups, (ii) policies targeting societal challenges at large and (iii) policies targeting the participatory inclusion of civil society. In addition we outline enabling and hindering policy factors for social innovation and we apply the threefold typology to the example of forest policy. The conceptual framework in combination with the forest policy objectives we identify provides a useful basis for further research in this area.
Alice Ludvig; Gerhard Weiss; Simo Sarkki; Maria Nijnik; Ivana Živojinović. Mapping European and forest related policies supporting social innovation for rural settings. Forest Policy and Economics 2018, 97, 146 -152.
AMA StyleAlice Ludvig, Gerhard Weiss, Simo Sarkki, Maria Nijnik, Ivana Živojinović. Mapping European and forest related policies supporting social innovation for rural settings. Forest Policy and Economics. 2018; 97 ():146-152.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlice Ludvig; Gerhard Weiss; Simo Sarkki; Maria Nijnik; Ivana Živojinović. 2018. "Mapping European and forest related policies supporting social innovation for rural settings." Forest Policy and Economics 97, no. : 146-152.