Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies play a significant role and significantly impact various sectors, including healthcare, engineering, sciences, and smart cities. AI has the potential to improve the quality of patient care and treatment outcomes while minimizing the risk of human error. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming the dental industry, just like it is revolutionizing other sectors. It is used in dentistry to diagnose dental diseases and provide treatment recommendations. Dental professionals are increasingly relying on AI technology to assist in diagnosis, clinical decision-making, treatment planning, and prognosis prediction across ten dental specialties. One of the most significant advantages of AI in dentistry is its ability to analyze vast amounts of data quickly and accurately, providing dental professionals with valuable insights to enhance their decision-making processes. The purpose of this paper is to identify the advancement of artificial intelligence algorithms that have been frequently used in dentistry and assess how well they perform in terms of diagnosis, clinical decision-making, treatment, and prognosis prediction in ten dental specialties; dental public health, endodontics, oral and maxillofacial surgery, oral medicine and pathology, oral & maxillofacial radiology, orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics, pediatric dentistry, periodontics, prosthodontics, and digital dentistry in general. We will also show the pros and cons of using AI in all dental specialties in different ways. Finally, we will present the limitations of using AI in dentistry, which made it incapable of replacing dental personnel, and dentists, who should consider AI a complimentary benefit and not a threat.

This paper announces a novel three-dimensional chaotic system with line equilibrium and discusses its dynamic properties such as Lyapunov exponents, phase portraits, equilibrium points, bifurcation diagram, multistability and coexisting attractors. New synchronization results based on integral sliding mode control (ISMC) are also derived for the new chaotic system with line equilibrium. In addition, an electronic circuit implementation of the new chaotic system with line equilibrium is reported and a good qualitative agreement is exhibited between the MATLAB simulations of the theoretical model and the MultiSim results. We also display the implementation of the Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) based Pseudo-Random Number Generator (PRNG) by using the new chaotic system. The throughput of the proposed FPGA based new chaotic PRNG is 462.731 Mbps. Randomness analysis of the generated numbers has been performed with respect to the NIST-800-22 tests and they have successfully passed all of the tests. Finally, an image encryption algorithm based on the pixel-level scrambling, bit-level scrambling, and pixel value diffusion is proposed. The experimental results show that the encryption algorithm not only shuffles the pixel positions of the image, but also replaces the pixel values with different values, which can effectively resist various attacks such as brute force attack and differential attack.

A hyperjerk system pertains to a dynamical system regulated by an ordinary differential equation of $n$ th order, where $n \geq 4$ . The main contribution of this work is the finding of a new autonomous hyperjerk system with a half line equilibrium. The mathematical framework of the proposed hyperjerk system contains eight terms with an absolute function nonlinearity. The essential dynamic characteristics of the model are explored, encompassing analysis of equilibrium points and their stability, depiction of the phase trajectories, illustration of bifurcation patterns, and visualization of Lyapunov exponent graphs. Our finding shows that the new 4D hyperjerk system exhibits special behavior like multistability, period doubling reversals and antimonotonocity. The proposed hyperjerk system has been implemented with an electronic circuit using MultiSim 14.0. Moreover, the FPGA implementation of the proposed hyperjerk system is performed by applying two numerical methods: Forward Euler and Trapezoidal. Experimental attractors are given from an oscilloscope by using the Zybo Z7-20 FPGA development board, which are in good agreement with the MATLAB and MultiSim 14.0 simulations. Finally, based on the chaotic dynamical behavior of the proposed chaotic hyperjerk system, a new image encryption approach is proposed. The experimental outcomes of the presented encryption algorithm prove its efficiency and security.

This paper starts with a review of three-dimensional chaotic dynamical systems equipped with special curves of balance points. We also propose the mathematical model of a new three-dimensional chaotic system equipped with a closed butterfly-like curve of balance points. By performing a bifurcation study of the new system, we analyze intrinsic properties such as chaoticity, multi-stability, and transient chaos. Finally, we carry out a realization of the new multi-stable chaotic model using Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA).