This paper reports a novel route for the coloration of polyester fabric with green synthesized silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs@PET) using chitosan as a natural eco-friendly reductant. The formation of AgNPs was confirmed by UV-visible spectroscopy. The morphologies and average particles size of G-AgNPs was investigated by transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis. The uniform deposition of G-AgNPs on the PET fabric surface was confirmed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The thermal properties were investigated using a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). The coloration and fastness properties of fabric were found to be significantly improved, a result related to the surface plasmon resonance of G-AgNPs. The antibacterial properties of fabric were also found to be excellent as more than 80% bacterial reduction was noticed even after 10 washing cycles. Overall, the proposed coating process using green nanoparticles can contribute to low-cost production of sustainable textiles.

In this study, a novel functionalization approach has been addressed by using sodium alginate (Na-Alg) assisted green silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on traditional “Rajshahi silk” fabric via an exhaustive method. The synthesized nanoparticles and coated silk fabrics were characterized by different techniques, including ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–vis spectra), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), which demonstrated that AgNPs with an average size of 6–10 nm were consistently deposited in the fabric surface under optimized conditions (i.e., pH 4, temperature 40 °C, and time 40 min). The silk fabrics treated with AgNPs showed improved colorimetric values and color fastness properties. Moreover, the UV-protection ability and antibacterial activity, as well as other physical properties—including tensile properties, the crease recovery angle, bending behavior, the yellowness index, and wettability (surface contact angle) of the AgNPs-coated silk were distinctly augmented. Therefore, green AgNPs-coated traditional silk with multifunctional properties has high potential in the textile industry.

Electrocatalysts with earth-abundant materials for water splitting are proposed to obtain high activity and durability simultaneously by Zr-doping interface based on physical chemistry and material science for engineering applications. Here, we report a high-valence Zr metal doping-based technique to design Zr-NiFeLDH@NiCoP/NF 3D heterostructure bi-functional electrocatalysts. This approach effectively regulates the electronic structure and surface catalytic morphology; thus the incorporation of high-valence Zr significantly enhances reaction kinetics, as evidenced by the Tafel plot and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The electrocatalysts enriched the active sites and achieved low overpotentials, as a result of comparable performance and impressive long-term stability exceeding 100 h at a high current density of 500 mA m⁻² for both HER and OER. Furthermore, Zr-NiFeLDH@NiCoP/NF exhibits exceptional overall water splitting performance, requiring only 1.53 V to reach 10 mA cm⁻² and showcasing remarkable durability for 865 h as an anode and cathode. Therefore, this work demonstrates the promising potential of integrating nonprecious high-valence Zr metal into Zr-NiFeLDH@NiCoP/NF heterostructure bi-functional electrocatalysts to significantly enhance overall water splitting performance.

In this research, a novel class of glycerol monostearate (GMS)-modified cationic waterborne polyurethane (CWPU) dispersions has been successfully synthesized by using isophorone diisocyanate as a raw material under the action of a catalyst and cosolvent. The CWPU dispersion has been characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and the effect of GMS on the particle size distribution, solid content, surface tension, viscosity and stability was carefully investigated as well. Then, a new type of transparent and high-performance film was prepared by casting the CWPU dispersion onto a glass substrate. The film performances were studied by scanning electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis and measurements of mechanical properties, water contact angle and weight gained in different solvents (water, acid and alkali). The resulting CWPU films have an adequate level of transparency and sufficient folding flexibility, are thermally stable up to 550°C and exhibit high tensile stress–strain behavior. This work proposes a new route for utilizing value-added CWPU with superior properties that will help maintain balance in the sustainable chemical industry.

Zr-enriched NiCo nanowire catalysts on iron foam achieve long-term water splitting at 500 mA cm⁻² for 866 h. Surface reconstruction enhances durability and activity, offering a scalable, non-precious catalytic strategy.