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Cracking is one of the primary distresses for asphalt pavements. There are many types of laboratory tests developed to evaluate the cracking performance of asphalt material, however, relatively little attention has been dedicated to evaluating and correlating the laboratory measured properties with the actual pavement performance. The main objective of this study is to investigate the relationships between the various laboratory measured binder/mixture properties with the actual pavement cracking (including both fatigue and thermal cracking) performance while also considering the important mix design and pavement structure parameters. Field pavement performance data were collected from 23 project sites with one control HMA section and at least one WMA section at each site. Laboratory testing was performed on the field cores taken from these sections as well as the corresponding extracted and recovered binders. Advanced statistical analysis method including the Pearson correlation and Spearman rank correlation coefficient were then employed to evaluate the correlations between the disparate laboratory measurements and actual pavement performance data. Results show that T*D (thickness of HMA/WMA layer*vertical failure deformation) parameter shows the good correlation with the length of field fatigue cracking, while the Pb%*εb-low (mixture binder content*binder failure strain) parameter shows the good correlation with the length of field thermal cracking. These correlations do not change with varying the pavement type (HMA or WMA). Based on the database generated in this study, a preliminary threshold value of 50 for T*D parameter and 10 for Pb%*εb-low parameter are proposed to minimize and control the cracking problem of asphalt mixtures in general.
Runhua Zhang; Weiguang Zhang; Shihui Shen; Shenghua Wu; Yiming Zhang. Evaluation of the correlations between laboratory measured material properties with field cracking performance for asphalt pavement. Construction and Building Materials 2021, 301, 124126 .
AMA StyleRunhua Zhang, Weiguang Zhang, Shihui Shen, Shenghua Wu, Yiming Zhang. Evaluation of the correlations between laboratory measured material properties with field cracking performance for asphalt pavement. Construction and Building Materials. 2021; 301 ():124126.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRunhua Zhang; Weiguang Zhang; Shihui Shen; Shenghua Wu; Yiming Zhang. 2021. "Evaluation of the correlations between laboratory measured material properties with field cracking performance for asphalt pavement." Construction and Building Materials 301, no. : 124126.
Traditional road-embedded monitoring systems for traffic monitoring have the disadvantages of a short life, high energy consumption and data redundancy, resulting in insufficient durability and high cost. In order to improve the durability and efficiency of the road-embedded monitoring system, a pavement vibration monitoring system is developed based on the Internet of things (IoT). The system includes multi-acceleration sensing nodes, a gateway, and a cloud platform. The key design principles and technologies of each part of the system are proposed, which provides valuable experience for the application of IoT monitoring technology in road infrastructures. Characterized by low power consumption, distributed computing, and high extensibility properties, the pavement vibration IoT monitoring system can realize the monitoring, transmission, and analysis of pavement vibration signal, and acquires the real-time traffic information. This road-embedded system improves the intellectual capacity of road infrastructure and is conducive to the construction of a new generation of smart roads.
Zhoujing Ye; Guannan Yan; Ya Wei; Bin Zhou; Ning Li; Shihui Shen; Linbing Wang. Real-Time and Efficient Traffic Information Acquisition via Pavement Vibration IoT Monitoring System. Sensors 2021, 21, 2679 .
AMA StyleZhoujing Ye, Guannan Yan, Ya Wei, Bin Zhou, Ning Li, Shihui Shen, Linbing Wang. Real-Time and Efficient Traffic Information Acquisition via Pavement Vibration IoT Monitoring System. Sensors. 2021; 21 (8):2679.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhoujing Ye; Guannan Yan; Ya Wei; Bin Zhou; Ning Li; Shihui Shen; Linbing Wang. 2021. "Real-Time and Efficient Traffic Information Acquisition via Pavement Vibration IoT Monitoring System." Sensors 21, no. 8: 2679.
Traffic information is critical for pavement design, management, and health monitoring. Numerous in-pavement sensors have been developed and installed to collect the traffic volume and loading amplitude. However, limited attention has been paid to the algorithm of vehicle speed estimation. This research focuses on the estimation of the vehicle speed based on a cross-correlation method. A novel wireless micro-electromechanical sensor (MEMS), Smartrock is used to capture the triaxial acceleration, rotation, and stress data. The cross-correlation algorithms, i.e., normalized cross-correlation (NCC) algorithm, the smoothed coherence transform (SCOT) algorithm, and the phase transform (PHAT) algorithm, are applied to estimate the loading speed of an accelerated pavement test (APT) and the traffic speed in the field. The signal-noise-ratio (SNR) and the mean relative error (MRE) are utilized to evaluate the stability and accuracy of the algorithms. The results show that both the correlated noise and independent noise have significant influence in the field data. The SCOT algorithm is recommended for speed estimation with reasonable accuracy and stability because of a large SNR value and the lowest MRE value among the algorithms. The loading speed investigated in this study was within 50 km/h and further verification is needed for higher speed estimation.
Cheng Zhang; Shihui Shen; Hai Huang; Linbing Wang. Estimation of the Vehicle Speed Using Cross-Correlation Algorithms and MEMS Wireless Sensors. Sensors 2021, 21, 1721 .
AMA StyleCheng Zhang, Shihui Shen, Hai Huang, Linbing Wang. Estimation of the Vehicle Speed Using Cross-Correlation Algorithms and MEMS Wireless Sensors. Sensors. 2021; 21 (5):1721.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCheng Zhang; Shihui Shen; Hai Huang; Linbing Wang. 2021. "Estimation of the Vehicle Speed Using Cross-Correlation Algorithms and MEMS Wireless Sensors." Sensors 21, no. 5: 1721.
Most existing fatigue testing methods in the laboratory are designed to evaluate the cracking resistance of asphalt mixture only, regardless what types of structural support it is used in the field. However, literature has confirmed that fatigue cracking is a structural related distress, and the cracking potential of asphalt layer is strongly affected by its underneath structural supporting conditions. On the other hand, the Hamburg Wheel-tracking Device (HWTD) has gained popularity for characterizing the rut-resistance and moisture susceptibility of asphalt mixtures under moving loads among state Department of Transportation (DOT) and agencies, and it has the capability to be modified to specify supporting conditions. Therefore, in this study, we propose to make some modifications to the existing HWTD and to study its capability of being also utilized as a cracking device for its potential advantages in equipment availability and simulating field loading and structural conditions. The developed HWTD fatigue test was used to simulate the conditions experienced by an asphalt mixture layer paved on the flexible base and applied with a vertical moving load. Three mixtures were specially designed to have known fatigue behavior difference for evaluating the reliability of this newly developed method, and to be compared with the standard American Association of State Highway and Transportation officials (AASHTO) semi-circular bending (SCB) method (AASHTO TP 124-18). A variety of strain and pressure gauges were used to record the load responses for fatigue behavior analysis. Both the phenomenological fatigue life analysis approach and the dissipated energy based ratio of dissipated energy change (RDEC) approach were used for data analysis. It was found that the HWTD fatigue test was essentially a type of laboratory scale accelerated loading test which can simulate the fatigue cracking phenomenon under the proposed testing setup. The RDEC approach with different failure criteria were suitable and effective in analyzing the testing data and can quantify the fatigue behavior of specific mixture within reasonable time frame. The results were consistent with the standard SCB fracture test results. In conclusion, the HWTD fatigue test has the potential to be a rational and convenient method for characterizing the fatigue behavior of hot mix asphalt (HMA) materials with the consideration of supporting conditions.
Zhidong Zhang; Shihui Shen; Bin Shi; Honglei Wang. Characterization of the fatigue behavior of asphalt mixture under full support using a Wheel-tracking Device. Construction and Building Materials 2021, 277, 122326 .
AMA StyleZhidong Zhang, Shihui Shen, Bin Shi, Honglei Wang. Characterization of the fatigue behavior of asphalt mixture under full support using a Wheel-tracking Device. Construction and Building Materials. 2021; 277 ():122326.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhidong Zhang; Shihui Shen; Bin Shi; Honglei Wang. 2021. "Characterization of the fatigue behavior of asphalt mixture under full support using a Wheel-tracking Device." Construction and Building Materials 277, no. : 122326.
Field pavement transverse cracking typically can be grouped into two categories, namely thermal cracking that initiates at the surface of the pavement and propagates downward, and reflective cracking that initiates at the pavement layer above the existing pavement cracks or joints and propagates upward. Recently, another transverse cracking phenomenon was noticed in some field investigations but was less studied. Cracks were observed from both the surface and the bottom of field cores, but they cannot be visually observed from the middle layer. In addition, the surface and the bottom cracks lined up well, showing the tendency of meeting each other. This study aimed to evaluate the causes of such transverse cracking phenomena by laboratory tests. Hamburg equipment was used as the evaluation equipment. Some samples were prepared with a saw cut notch 0.33 inches in depth and 0.25 inches in width, and some samples were prepared without the notch at the bottom. The results showed that such a crack type could have happened when samples are aged, the base below the sample is soft, and a notch exists in the bottom layer. A potential mechanism is when the wheel load moves on one side of the existing transverse cracking (the near side), as the specimen on this side tends to bend downward under the wheel load, especially when the support is relatively soft. If without constraint, the other side of the specimen (the far side) should consequently be tilted upward. However, the bonding with the base layer and the self-weight of the specimen restrict the upward movement of the far-side specimen. Therefore, the tensile stress at the surface of the specimen directly on top of the bottom crack is created. At the same time, the bottom crack has the potential of being squeezed and pushed together.
Weiguang Zhang; Ali Raza Khan; Shihui Shen; Yingda Gao. Laboratory Validation of Surface-Initiated Transverse Cracking of Asphalt Pavement. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 1002 .
AMA StyleWeiguang Zhang, Ali Raza Khan, Shihui Shen, Yingda Gao. Laboratory Validation of Surface-Initiated Transverse Cracking of Asphalt Pavement. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (3):1002.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWeiguang Zhang; Ali Raza Khan; Shihui Shen; Yingda Gao. 2020. "Laboratory Validation of Surface-Initiated Transverse Cracking of Asphalt Pavement." Applied Sciences 10, no. 3: 1002.
Semi-flexible composite mixture (SFCM) is developed based on a unique material design concept of pouring cement mortar into the voids formed by open graded asphalt mixture. It combines the flexibility of asphalt concrete and the stiffness of Portland cement concrete and has many advantages comparing to conventional roadway paving materials. The main objective of this paper was to evaluate the engineering properties of SFCM and assess the constructability of the SFCM. A slab SFCM sample was fabricated in the laboratory to simulate the filling of cement mortar in the field. Performance testing was carried out by indirect tensile (IDT) test because it was found to be able to correlate with the field performance of asphalt mixtures at low, intermediate, and high temperatures. They were used in this study to evaluate the thermal cracking, fatigue, rutting, as well as moisture resistance of SFCM. A control hot mix asphalt (HMA) mixture was used to compare with the results of SFCM. Based on the testing results, it was found that the designed SFCM showed good filling capability of cement mortar. SFCM had higher dynamic modulus than the control HMA. It had good resistance to rutting and moisture damage. Based on fracture work, SFCM showed better resistance to thermal cracking while lower resistance to fatigue cracking.
Weiguang Zhang; Shihui Shen; Ryan Douglas Goodwin; Dalin Wang; Jingtao Zhong. Performance Characterization of Semi-Flexible Composite Mixture. Materials 2020, 13, 342 .
AMA StyleWeiguang Zhang, Shihui Shen, Ryan Douglas Goodwin, Dalin Wang, Jingtao Zhong. Performance Characterization of Semi-Flexible Composite Mixture. Materials. 2020; 13 (2):342.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWeiguang Zhang; Shihui Shen; Ryan Douglas Goodwin; Dalin Wang; Jingtao Zhong. 2020. "Performance Characterization of Semi-Flexible Composite Mixture." Materials 13, no. 2: 342.
Compaction is one of the most critical steps in asphalt pavement construction that controls pavement density and ultimately impacts pavement performance. Because of the complexity of asphalt mixture property and the lack of fundamental understanding about compaction mechanisms, field compaction control is mostly experience-based in practice which brings out many problems such as under/over compaction. Very few studies have given insight into particle interaction characteristics under different rollers especially at meso-scale. On the other hand, Superpave gyratory compaction (SGC) is widely used as the laboratory compaction method to simulate field compaction. However, the relationship between SGC and different types of rollers has not been clearly stated. Therefore, this study aims to employ a real-time particle motion sensor, SmartRock, to investigate how particle reacted to different rollers during the field compaction and its relationship with SGC. Findings from this study could contribute to the understanding of the compaction mechanism and initiate a new path toward smart compaction through real time compaction quality control. It was found that particles mainly translated vertically under static and vibrating roller. The kneading action of the pneumatic-tyred roller produced the horizontal translation and three dimensional rotation of the particles. Laboratory study showed that SGC can well simulate the kneading process by pneumatic-tyred roller. Some preliminary results indicated that the SmartRock can reasonably report the real time internal temperature of asphalt mixture during compaction, which could be beneficial to compaction quality control.
Xue Wang; Shihui Shen; Hai Huang; Zhidong Zhang. Towards smart compaction: Particle movement characteristics from laboratory to the field. Construction and Building Materials 2019, 218, 323 -332.
AMA StyleXue Wang, Shihui Shen, Hai Huang, Zhidong Zhang. Towards smart compaction: Particle movement characteristics from laboratory to the field. Construction and Building Materials. 2019; 218 ():323-332.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXue Wang; Shihui Shen; Hai Huang; Zhidong Zhang. 2019. "Towards smart compaction: Particle movement characteristics from laboratory to the field." Construction and Building Materials 218, no. : 323-332.
Since Discrete Element Method (DEM) was first introduced for modeling micromechanical interactions of granular materials back in late 1970s, significant progress has been made to improve the performance of DEM algorithms. For example, a variety of approaches have been developed to simulate triaxial tests using DEM to better understand the fundamental mechanical behavior of granular materials. Nevertheless, potential error accumulation over the necessary large number of timesteps as a part of the explicit time integration may undermine the simulation accuracy. This paper presents the development, implementation and validation of a computing scheme that is based on real-time data fusion between a sensing mechanism and real time (SMART) computing. This computing framework consists of: (1) real-time data acquisition of particle kinematics through a wireless instrumentation called “SmartRocks” that are embedded at discrete locations in a granular assembly, and (2) a built-in data-fusion-based algorithm using the Kalman filter to integrate the prediction generated by DEM and the measurements reported by “SmartRocks.” To evaluate the performance of the SMART computing algorithm, laboratory large-scale triaxial tests on ballast specimens were conducted and the results were compared to traditional DEM-only and SMART computing simulations. It is concluded the SMART computing improved the simulation accuracy over the DEM-only simulations in terms of the deviatoric stress vs. axial strain, volumetric strain vs. axial strain, and final deformed specimen shape, and hence can be used to model large-scale triaxial tests with high fidelity.
Shushu Liu; Tong Qiu; Yu Qian; Hai Huang; Erol Tutumluer; Shihui Shen. Simulations of large-scale triaxial shear tests on ballast aggregates using sensing mechanism and real-time (SMART) computing. Computers and Geotechnics 2019, 110, 184 -198.
AMA StyleShushu Liu, Tong Qiu, Yu Qian, Hai Huang, Erol Tutumluer, Shihui Shen. Simulations of large-scale triaxial shear tests on ballast aggregates using sensing mechanism and real-time (SMART) computing. Computers and Geotechnics. 2019; 110 ():184-198.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShushu Liu; Tong Qiu; Yu Qian; Hai Huang; Erol Tutumluer; Shihui Shen. 2019. "Simulations of large-scale triaxial shear tests on ballast aggregates using sensing mechanism and real-time (SMART) computing." Computers and Geotechnics 110, no. : 184-198.
Micro-surfacing is used as a pavement preservation and maintenance technique to improve surface skid resistance, abrasion resistance, water resistance, and durability. Recently, reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) has been used in micro-surfacing mixtures with good promise and improved sustainability. The use of RAP helps reduce greenhouse gas emissions during the production of new asphalt pavement materials and enhance the environmental sustainability of the overall transportation infrastructure. However, exploring how to reasonably use RAP in micro-surfacing while also considering its unique yet complicate asphalt-emulsion-water-cement-aggregate system is still worth further investigation. The objective of this study is to propose a modified mix design and material evaluation approach for RAP micro-surfacing mixtures so that its performance, especially as rut filling materials, can be satisfied for field application. In this paper, the optimum asphalt content (OAC) of RAP micro-surfacing mixtures was determined according to the optimized rutting resistance. Rejuvenators were incorporated to evaluate their effectiveness on RAP micro-surfacing mixtures. Laboratory compaction was proposed in the mix design stage to simulate the rolling in the field. Furthermore, to support the design concept and to verify the mix designs for acceptable engineering properties, several performance tests were used to evaluate the mixing condition, moisture susceptibility, shear resistance, and skid resistance of RAP micro-surfacing mixtures. The results showed that the OAC decreased with the increase of the RAP content. The rejuvenators restored the initial characteristics of RAP binder in micro-surfacing and improved its mixing time and rutting resistance. Laboratory compaction could accelerate the curing and improve the consistency and rutting resistance of the mixtures. Adding RAP could improve the mixing time but there was an optimum RAP content. With the increase of RAP content, the moisture and skid resistance of micro-surfacing were improved. RAP usage had no consistent impact on the interlayer shear strength between micro-surfacing and its substrate structure. Overall, with appropriate application, high content RAP can be added to micro-surfacing with both environmental and engineering benefit.
Anping Wang; Shihui Shen; Xinghai Li; Bo Song. Micro-surfacing mixtures with reclaimed asphalt pavement: Mix design and performance evaluation. Construction and Building Materials 2019, 201, 303 -313.
AMA StyleAnping Wang, Shihui Shen, Xinghai Li, Bo Song. Micro-surfacing mixtures with reclaimed asphalt pavement: Mix design and performance evaluation. Construction and Building Materials. 2019; 201 ():303-313.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnping Wang; Shihui Shen; Xinghai Li; Bo Song. 2019. "Micro-surfacing mixtures with reclaimed asphalt pavement: Mix design and performance evaluation." Construction and Building Materials 201, no. : 303-313.
The laboratory aging tests for binders were developed based on Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP) tests in the 1990s (i.e., performance grading); the applicability of performance grade (PG) to recently developed tests, such as multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR), is not clear. In addition, the ability of laboratory aging to represent field pavement aging, especially when polymer-modified asphalt (PMA) and warm-mix asphalt (WMA) binders are used, has been a concern to paving practice. This paper investigates quantitatively the level of laboratory aging compared to the field aging for both the control hot-mix asphalt (HMA) binders and WMA and PMA binders. The study focuses on a number of binder parameters, as well as evaluating whether the current laboratory aging conditions (loose-mix oven aging) will provide correlation to field short-term aging. HMA and WMA binders from four field projects that covered different climatic zones, pavement structures, and materials were selected. Binder properties including high-temperature PG, MSCR nonrecoverable creep compliance, low-temperature binder PG, and fracture energy were used for analysis. The results show that the laboratory rolling thin-film oven (RTFO) aging method is not sufficient to simulate field short-term aging conditions for most cases except for the low-temperature PG test. The aging of asphalt binder is parameter sensitive; depending on the parameters used, the comparison results between laboratory aging and field aging could be different. The effect of aging on PMA binder, especially when mixed with Sasobit additive, differs from non-polymer-modified binders. Limited results from non-polymer-modified binder mixes suggested that loose-mix oven aging at 85°C for 2, 5, and 7 days appears to provide a reasonable simulation of field pavement aging right after compaction (0 years), 1.8 years, and 3 years.
Weiguang Zhang; Amirmohammad Bahadori; Shihui Shen; Shenghua Wu; Balasingam Muhunthan; Louay Mohammad. Comparison of Laboratory and Field Asphalt Aging for Polymer-Modified and Warm-Mix Asphalt Binders. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 2018, 30, 04018150 .
AMA StyleWeiguang Zhang, Amirmohammad Bahadori, Shihui Shen, Shenghua Wu, Balasingam Muhunthan, Louay Mohammad. Comparison of Laboratory and Field Asphalt Aging for Polymer-Modified and Warm-Mix Asphalt Binders. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering. 2018; 30 (7):04018150.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWeiguang Zhang; Amirmohammad Bahadori; Shihui Shen; Shenghua Wu; Balasingam Muhunthan; Louay Mohammad. 2018. "Comparison of Laboratory and Field Asphalt Aging for Polymer-Modified and Warm-Mix Asphalt Binders." Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 30, no. 7: 04018150.
Compaction is one of the most critical steps in asphalt pavement construction that ultimately impacts pavement performance. In the laboratory, the Superpave gyratory compaction (SGC) method is widely accepted because it applies both shear and compression simultaneously to the mixture and can best simulate the field compaction. However, research has also found that the mechanical properties of asphalt mixtures between SGC compacted specimens and field cores were different, which can be, at least partially, attributed to the different internal structure and air void distribution of the resulting mixtures. Current knowledge about SGC has not given insight into particle interaction characteristics during the compaction process. Therefore, this study aims to employ a real-time particle motion sensor, SmartRock, to investigate the particle movement characteristics during the SGC compaction process, understand how such movement can be related to the air void distribution of SGC specimens, and provide preliminary explanation about the gyratory compaction mechanisms from the meso-scale. It was found that particle’s relative rotation pattern was directly related to mixture density change during compaction. The compaction process can be divided into three stages and the onset of the third stage generally matched with the conventional locking point definition. By placing the SmartRock sensor at different locations within a SGC mold, it was found that the particle located at mid-depth layer received more effective compaction as compared to the particle located at the bottom.
Xue Wang; Shihui Shen; Hai Huang; Luiz Claudio Almeida. Characterization of particle movement in Superpave gyratory compactor at meso-scale using SmartRock sensors. Construction and Building Materials 2018, 175, 206 -214.
AMA StyleXue Wang, Shihui Shen, Hai Huang, Luiz Claudio Almeida. Characterization of particle movement in Superpave gyratory compactor at meso-scale using SmartRock sensors. Construction and Building Materials. 2018; 175 ():206-214.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXue Wang; Shihui Shen; Hai Huang; Luiz Claudio Almeida. 2018. "Characterization of particle movement in Superpave gyratory compactor at meso-scale using SmartRock sensors." Construction and Building Materials 175, no. : 206-214.
Shenghua Wu; Weiguang Zhang; Shihui Shen; Balasingam Muhunthan. Case Study: Evaluation of the Effect of Extraction Temperature on WMA Binder Containing Sasobit Additive. Journal of Testing and Evaluation 2018, 46, 1 .
AMA StyleShenghua Wu, Weiguang Zhang, Shihui Shen, Balasingam Muhunthan. Case Study: Evaluation of the Effect of Extraction Temperature on WMA Binder Containing Sasobit Additive. Journal of Testing and Evaluation. 2018; 46 (5):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShenghua Wu; Weiguang Zhang; Shihui Shen; Balasingam Muhunthan. 2018. "Case Study: Evaluation of the Effect of Extraction Temperature on WMA Binder Containing Sasobit Additive." Journal of Testing and Evaluation 46, no. 5: 1.
Shenghua Wu; Weiguang Zhang; Shihui Shen; Xiaojun Li; Balasingam Muhunthan; Louay N. Mohammad. Field-aged asphalt binder performance evaluation for Evotherm warm mix asphalt: Comparisons with hot mix asphalt. Construction and Building Materials 2017, 156, 574 -583.
AMA StyleShenghua Wu, Weiguang Zhang, Shihui Shen, Xiaojun Li, Balasingam Muhunthan, Louay N. Mohammad. Field-aged asphalt binder performance evaluation for Evotherm warm mix asphalt: Comparisons with hot mix asphalt. Construction and Building Materials. 2017; 156 ():574-583.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShenghua Wu; Weiguang Zhang; Shihui Shen; Xiaojun Li; Balasingam Muhunthan; Louay N. Mohammad. 2017. "Field-aged asphalt binder performance evaluation for Evotherm warm mix asphalt: Comparisons with hot mix asphalt." Construction and Building Materials 156, no. : 574-583.
The dynamic modulus of an asphalt mixture plays a crucial role in pavement design and performance prediction of asphalt pavement. Among many predictive models, the semiempirical Hirsch model is one of the most popularly used dynamic modulus prediction models. However, the current Hirsch model uses several model constants that were determined based on a number of assumptions and simplifications for conventional asphalt mixtures. Considering the trend of using new types of asphalt mixtures and the potential application of the modulus properties in fundamental pavement performance analysis, those constants may not be appropriate any longer. This paper aims to modify the current Hirsch model by generalizing the model parameters based on the rule of mixtures and the theory of elasticity and viscoelasticity. Twenty-six asphalt mixtures, which contain different percentages of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP), sourced from China and the United States were used in this study to evaluate the predictive quality of the modified Hirsch model compared with other models. The modified Hirsch model produced the best predictive quality among three models. In addition, the modified model was suitable for predicting the dynamic modulus of high RAP mixtures. Future work was recommended to validate the proposed model using a larger database.
Cheng Zhang; Shihui Shen; Xiaoyun Jia. Modification of the Hirsch Dynamic Modulus Prediction Model for Asphalt Mixtures. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 2017, 29, 04017241 .
AMA StyleCheng Zhang, Shihui Shen, Xiaoyun Jia. Modification of the Hirsch Dynamic Modulus Prediction Model for Asphalt Mixtures. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering. 2017; 29 (12):04017241.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCheng Zhang; Shihui Shen; Xiaoyun Jia. 2017. "Modification of the Hirsch Dynamic Modulus Prediction Model for Asphalt Mixtures." Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 29, no. 12: 04017241.
Shuai Yu; Shihui Shen; Cheng Zhang; Weiguang Zhang; Xiaoyun Jia. Evaluation of the Blending Effectiveness of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Binder. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 2017, 29, 04017230 .
AMA StyleShuai Yu, Shihui Shen, Cheng Zhang, Weiguang Zhang, Xiaoyun Jia. Evaluation of the Blending Effectiveness of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Binder. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering. 2017; 29 (12):04017230.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShuai Yu; Shihui Shen; Cheng Zhang; Weiguang Zhang; Xiaoyun Jia. 2017. "Evaluation of the Blending Effectiveness of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Binder." Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 29, no. 12: 04017230.
The Hamburg wheel tracking (HWT) test has been found to be a promising test to evaluate the field rutting performance of asphalt pavements and has been implemented as a material screening test during the mix design process by several state departments of transportation. However, the rutting performance of an asphalt pavement depends not only on the material properties, but also on many other factors such as pavement structure and traffic. To date, there are few performance models that have integrated the Hamburg rutting parameters for pavement rutting prediction. In addition, mechanistic-empirical–based prediction models have been found to have some difficulties in reasonably predicting field rut depth, especially when field variables and confounding factors have to be considered. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to evaluate the relationship between the HWT test results and the field rut depth, then develop a predictive model for field rut depth based on the HWT test results. Field projects consisting of 51 hot mix asphalt (HMA) and warm mix asphalt (WMA) pavements were included in the analysis. These projects were located in different climatic zones with varying traffic levels, pavement structures, and material properties. Through direct correlation, it was found that the field rut depth in general decreased with the increase of the rutting resistance index (RRI). However, HWT test results alone do not have a strong relationship with the field rut depth, and many other factors, such as climate and pavement structure, have to be considered. Further, statistical-based methods in conjunction with engineering interpretation were applied to identify critical influencing factors and develop a prediction model for field rut depth. The developed rutting predictive model indicated that (a) mixture property (rutting resistance index, a parameter developed based on the HWT test), pavement age (month), average annual daily truck traffic (AADTT), and pavement structure (total HMA thickness and overlay thickness) are critical influencing factors for field rut depth; (b) RRI, along with pavement age and traffic data, has the most significant effect on rut depth among the identified five key predictor variables; (c) no significant differences are observed between prediction results of HMA and WMA mixtures, and thus the prediction model can be applied for both; and (d) using the developed predictive model, the effect of the HWT RRI can be considered comprehensively with other factors including climate, traffic, and pavement structure to determine the suitability of a designed asphalt mixture for pavement construction.
A.M.Asce Weiguang Zhang; A.M.Asce Shihui Shen; M.Asce Shenghua Wu; M.Asce Louay N. Mohammad. Prediction Model for Field Rut Depth of Asphalt Pavement Based on Hamburg Wheel Tracking Test Properties. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 2017, 29, 04017098 .
AMA StyleA.M.Asce Weiguang Zhang, A.M.Asce Shihui Shen, M.Asce Shenghua Wu, M.Asce Louay N. Mohammad. Prediction Model for Field Rut Depth of Asphalt Pavement Based on Hamburg Wheel Tracking Test Properties. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering. 2017; 29 (9):04017098.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA.M.Asce Weiguang Zhang; A.M.Asce Shihui Shen; M.Asce Shenghua Wu; M.Asce Louay N. Mohammad. 2017. "Prediction Model for Field Rut Depth of Asphalt Pavement Based on Hamburg Wheel Tracking Test Properties." Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 29, no. 9: 04017098.
Weiguang Zhang; Shihui Shen; Ahmed Faheem; Prasanta Basak; Shenghua Wu; Louay Mohammad. Predictive quality of the pavement ME design program for field performance of warm mix asphalt pavements. Construction and Building Materials 2017, 131, 400 -410.
AMA StyleWeiguang Zhang, Shihui Shen, Ahmed Faheem, Prasanta Basak, Shenghua Wu, Louay Mohammad. Predictive quality of the pavement ME design program for field performance of warm mix asphalt pavements. Construction and Building Materials. 2017; 131 ():400-410.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWeiguang Zhang; Shihui Shen; Ahmed Faheem; Prasanta Basak; Shenghua Wu; Louay Mohammad. 2017. "Predictive quality of the pavement ME design program for field performance of warm mix asphalt pavements." Construction and Building Materials 131, no. : 400-410.
As a result of repeated rehabilitation efforts over the past few decades, often asphalt pavements have become deep-strength pavements. Consequently, top-down cracking has become a primary distress type. In particular, the top-down cracking performance of warm mix asphalt (WMA) pavements, i.e. how does it compare with similar hot mix asphalt (HMA) pavements is largely unclear mainly due to the lack of field performance data. This paper presents an effort of monitoring the top-down cracking performance of 28 pavement projects including WMA pavements and their corresponding HMA control pavements with service lives ranging between 4 and 10 years. These pavements cover different climate zones, WMA technologies, service years, pavement structures and traffic volume levels. Two rounds of distress surveys were conducted at a two-year interval, and the material (asphalt binder and mixture) properties of the pavements were determined using field cores. The top-down cracking performance of the HMA and WMA pavements was compared based on the first and second round distress surveys. It was found that the HMA and WMA pavement in general exhibited comparable performance. The significant determinants (material properties) for top-down cracking were determined, which were vertical failure deformation of mixes measured at 20 °C from indirect tension test.
Shenghua Wu; Haifang Wen; Weiguang Zhang; Shihui Shen; Louay N. Mohammad; Ahmed Faheem; Balasingam Muhunthan. Field performance of top-down fatigue cracking for warm mix asphalt pavements. International Journal of Pavement Engineering 2016, 20, 33 -43.
AMA StyleShenghua Wu, Haifang Wen, Weiguang Zhang, Shihui Shen, Louay N. Mohammad, Ahmed Faheem, Balasingam Muhunthan. Field performance of top-down fatigue cracking for warm mix asphalt pavements. International Journal of Pavement Engineering. 2016; 20 (1):33-43.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShenghua Wu; Haifang Wen; Weiguang Zhang; Shihui Shen; Louay N. Mohammad; Ahmed Faheem; Balasingam Muhunthan. 2016. "Field performance of top-down fatigue cracking for warm mix asphalt pavements." International Journal of Pavement Engineering 20, no. 1: 33-43.
Crack width, a practical measurement of the damage severity in the field, is conceptually believed to have important influence on the healing properties of asphalt materials. Understanding the relationship between crack widths and healing capacity of asphalt pavement provides practical linkage between the microscopic healing phenomena and the macroscopic pavement performance. The objective of this paper is to characterize the healing behavior of asphalt binders with different crack width at multi-scale levels. A Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) was used to directly monitor the effect of crack width on healing at macroscale level. Small scale molecular dynamics (MD) simulation models with different crack widths were built to investigate the micromechanical healing mechanism of asphalt binder and characterize the influence of crack width on healing. The MD modeling was conducted using an open-source code software LAMMPS (Large-scale Atomic/Molecular Massively Parallel Simulator). Healing was found to be triggered by the diffusion mechanism of asphalt molecules. Higher temperature would result in higher diffusivity of molecules and thus higher healing rate. Degree of aging would also have important impact on healing. Both the macroscopic and microscopic investigation indicated that crack width had important influence on the healing of asphalt. For the same crack length asphalt heals faster when the width of crack is smaller.
Shihui Shen; Xin Lu; Liping Liu; Cheng Zhang. Investigation of the influence of crack width on healing properties of asphalt binders at multi-scale levels. Construction and Building Materials 2016, 126, 197 -205.
AMA StyleShihui Shen, Xin Lu, Liping Liu, Cheng Zhang. Investigation of the influence of crack width on healing properties of asphalt binders at multi-scale levels. Construction and Building Materials. 2016; 126 ():197-205.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShihui Shen; Xin Lu; Liping Liu; Cheng Zhang. 2016. "Investigation of the influence of crack width on healing properties of asphalt binders at multi-scale levels." Construction and Building Materials 126, no. : 197-205.
Epoxy asphalt has been extensively used in the bridge deck pavement. The main concerns during the construction process of epoxy asphalt are including high construction temperature, high viscosity to deal with and limited construction time which finally affects the service performance of the pavement. In this study, foamed epoxy asphalt is proposed to solve these construction challenges. The foamed epoxy asphalt samples were prepared by foaming machine at different foaming water content in the laboratory. The viscosity-temperature performance, failure temperature, [email protected] °C, temperature sensitivity and storage stability were evaluated by rotational viscometer, temperature sweep, frequency sweep and storage tests. Fluorescence microscope and Infrared spectroscopy were utilized to characterize the morphology and chemical reaction change of non-foamed and foamed epoxy asphalt with different foaming water content. The results show that the addition of foaming water could improve the workability of foamed epoxy asphalt binder mixtures and prolong the allowable reserved time of construction process. Compared to non-foamed epoxy asphalt, foamed epoxy asphalt compromise failure temperature and [email protected] °C and improve the temperature sensitivity and storage stability. With the increase of foaming water content, the failure temperature, [email protected] °C and storage stability of foamed epoxy asphalt decrease at some extent, while the temperature sensitivity of foamed epoxy asphalt increases. According to the change of microstructure, the foaming water is beneficial to enhance the epoxy resin dispersion in the asphalt and promote the chemical reaction between epoxy resins and curing agent, which could improve the pavement performance of epoxy asphalt.
Xin Yu; Fuqiang Dong; Gongying Ding; Shengjie Liu; Shihui Shen. Rheological and microstructural properties of foamed epoxy asphalt. Construction and Building Materials 2016, 114, 215 -222.
AMA StyleXin Yu, Fuqiang Dong, Gongying Ding, Shengjie Liu, Shihui Shen. Rheological and microstructural properties of foamed epoxy asphalt. Construction and Building Materials. 2016; 114 ():215-222.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXin Yu; Fuqiang Dong; Gongying Ding; Shengjie Liu; Shihui Shen. 2016. "Rheological and microstructural properties of foamed epoxy asphalt." Construction and Building Materials 114, no. : 215-222.