This research paper presents a simple design consideration of Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) Microstrip antenna using a centrally loaded rectangular slot. An analytical study of the effects of different size and shapes of slots on the performance characteristic of UWB Microstrip antenna is presented. Insertion of slot and the changes in dimension of ground plane has a high impact on the behavior and parameter of the patch antenna. To improve the bandwidth of the patch antenna, proper insertion of slot on the planer patch structure has been used. In the paper 12mm by 15.6 mm rectangular patch antenna carved on FR4 substrate is presented. Both the simulated and the measured result show the operation of the antenna in the entire UWB range. This parametric study would be of a great interest in the designing of compact antennas for wireless communications operating in UWB.

Microstrip antennas that can operate in single and multiple frequency bands are required in various wireless communication devices. A single patch, square shaped microstrip patch antenna having high directivity and gain is proposed in this paper. The geometry of proposed antenna is optimized using Genetic Algorithm (GA) to operate in X-Band for wideband applications. The proposed antenna design exhibits a wide operating bandwidth 550 MHz (simulated) and 450 MHz (measured), high gain and directivity of about 8.35 dB (simulated) making it suitable for wideband applications. The proposed antenna design works in X-band which has weatherproof characteristics and supports easy communication of voice, data, images and HD videos. The attractiveness of the GA design over the traditional design methods is its ability to achieve the desired performance by using a simple design of single patch antenna.

A CPW-Fed microstrip patch antenna of size 21×22×1.6 mm ³ along with its three variants is proposed in this paper. Two slots are introduced on the patch of the base antenna to study the antenna parameters, in terms of bandwidth, gain and directivity for analysis. The proposed antennas are suitable for wireless wideband applications roughly between frequency ranges of 4 GHz to 14 GHz approximately. All three antennas are showing good return losses, high bandwidth of approximately about 10 GHz, peak gain and directivity of approximately 4 dB. The microstrip antenna structures are configured on FR4 epoxy substrate. The configurations are simulated and analyzed using Ansys HFSS software. This study would be helpful in the designing of compact microstrip antennas with enhanced bandwidth for various purposes in the field of wireless communications in general and various earth science applications in particular at super high microwave frequency.