A simple and cost-effective method is proposed herein for a plasmonic nanoantenna array (PNAA) for the fabrication of metal-enhanced fluorescence (MEF) substrates in which fluorophores interact with the enhanced electromagnetic field generated by a localized surface plasmon to provide a higher fluorescence signal. The PNAA is fabricated by the deposition of a silver (Ag) layer on an ultraviolet (UV) nanoimprinted nanodot array with a pitch of 400 nm, diameter of 200 nm, and height of 100 nm. During deposition, raised Ag nanodisks and a lower Ag layer are, respectively, formed on the top and bottom of the imprinted nanodot array, and the gap between these Ag layers acts as a plasmonic nanoantenna. Since the thickness of the gap within the PNAA is influenced by the thickness of Ag deposition, the effects of the latter upon the geometrical properties of the fabricated PNAA are examined, and the electromagnetic field intensity distributions of PNAAs with various Ag thicknesses are simulated. Finally, the fluorescence enhancement factor (FEF) of the fabricated PNAA MEF substrate is measured using spotted Cy5-conjugated streptavidin to indicate a maximum enhancement factor of ~22× for the PNAA with an Ag layer thickness of 75 nm. The experimental results are shown to match the simulated results.

Hierarchical porous carbon materials have received significant attention for application in catalytic water splitting because of their high efficiency, cost‐effectiveness, and biocompatibility. In this study, laser‐induced graphene (LIG) was fabricated on a carbon film‐ (CF‐) type substrate for an efficient hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The LIG‐CF electrode was fabricated via laser‐induced graphitization on a commercial polyimide (PI) film, followed by the pyrolysis of the LIG on the PI film (LIG‐PI). During pyrolysis, the microscopic and material properties of the LIG remained intact, as verified through various characterizations. The as‐prepared all‐carbon electrode was then utilized as an electrode for the HER study in a 1.0 M KOH electrolyte and compared with LIG‐PI and Pt electrodes. In the HER experiments, the optimized LIG‐CF electrode exhibited excellent catalytic performance with zero‐onset potential, and the potentials required to achieve high current densities of 10 and 20 mA/cm² were 134 and 139 mV (vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE)), respectively. The excellent performance of the LIG‐CF electrode originates from the hierarchical porous structure of the LIG material, which serves as an electrochemically active site, and carbon substrate that facilitates the fast transport of ions at the electrode/electrolyte interface. Additionally, the carbon substrate shortens the transportation length of electrons which played a significant role for the enhanced performance of the LIG‐CF electrode.

Rapid and reliable on-site identification of body fluids is essential in forensic and field diagnostic applications. Commercial kits provide only single results and often suffer from cross-reactivity, while conventional microarrays offer multiplex capability but lack sufficient fluorescence intensity for field-deployable systems. In this study, we present a highly sensitive nanorods on micro post array (NMPA) substrate and a smartphone-based portable detection system. The NMPA substrate integrates metal nanorods with UV-imprinted micro post structures to produce metal-enhanced fluorescence and improved signal localization. When evaluated using a microarray scanner, the substrate achieved high sensitivity, detecting semen diluted up to 1/100,000. The portable smartphone system further demonstrated simultaneous detection of three semen biomarkers (PSA, ACPP, and Semenogelin-1) at a 1/1000 dilution, matching the detection limit of commercial kits. Specificity tests using blood, saliva, urine, vaginal fluid, and environmental contaminants showed no false-positive responses. These results highlight the potential of the NMPA system as a portable diagnostic technology capable of rapid (<15 min), multiplex, and highly sensitive detection in field environments. Future work will focus on quantitative calibration, substrate stability assessment, and expansion toward multi biomarker panels for broader forensic and clinical applications.

Architected electrodes that improve catalytic activity, mass transport, and scalability in one system are critical in the progression of alkaline water electrolysis. However, most 3D printed systems require multistep post‐fabrication modifications and consequently, the catalyst is only integrated into surface layers, leading to poor stability. Here, we demonstrate a print‐to‐catalyst approach integrated with nickel and phosphorus precursors directly into digital light processing (DLP) resin that can be used to fabricate programmable Ni–P‐doping porous carbon microlattices for scalable fabrication with in situ processes for the activation of active phases in carbonization. This type of approach incorporates structural and chemical design, where lattice topology is optimized giving minimal transport losses and identifying an X‐Cell geometry with favorable limitations for electrolyte penetration and gas bubble removal, with Ni loading and phosphorus incorporation modulating the electronic structure of Ni to create efficient Ni–P–O–C active interfaces. Comprehensive characterization confirms homogeneous dispersion of Ni, NiO _x and Ni–P species embedded in carbon structure to produce catalytically active interfaces. The overpotential of the optimized electrode is 106 mV at 10 mA cm ⁻² in 1 M KOH, and the electrode's low charge transfer resistance and stable operation for 100 h are also observed.