Many studies have tested intermittent fasting (IF) in athletes, but its effects on female CrossFit athletes remain relatively unexplored in the existing literature. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effects of 24-h IF on the physical performance of female CrossFit practitioners. Eleven female CrossFit athletes (age: 30.91 ± 3.42, weight: 65.26 ± 7.55 kg, height: 1.66 ± 0.05 m) participated in the study. The study used a crossover design with fasting and eating conditions. Participants completed an exercise test, standing long jump, and handgrip strength assessment. Hydration status, heart rate, blood lactate, blood glucose, rates of perceived exertion, and hunger were measured. Results showed significant differences in blood lactate concentration (F = 5.435, p = 0.042, η2p = 0.352). Resting blood lactate concentration was significantly lower in the fasting trial than in the eating trial (p < 0.001), but post-exercise blood lactate concentrations were higher in the fasting trial than in the eating trial (p < 0.001). No differences were found in performance times (p > 0.05). In conclusion, this pilot study of females suggests that 24-h fasting does not impair exercise performance or negatively affect physiological parameters in CrossFit athletes.

Whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) training is effective in improving training adaptation. However, WB-EMS may have side effects and contraindications that can lead to excessive muscle damage and physiological impairment. This randomized crossover study aimed to analyze the acute effects of WB-EMS on muscle damage, autonomic modulation and performance during a single maximal strength session in physically active participants. Twenty healthy and physically active participants randomly performed three maximal strength training sessions (90% 1RM) consisting of bench presses and squat exercises, with a continuous stimulus, a coordinated stimulus with concentric and eccentric phases, and without WB-EMS. Data showed no significant differences between the trials for muscle damage (blood creatine kinase levels), lactate blood levels and performance after exercise. Likewise, the heart rate, blood oxygen saturation and the rate of perceived exertion were similar during exercise between trials. The heart rate variability analysis also showed a similar autonomic response among the trials. Training with WB-EMS seemed to be safe at the observed time intervals while offering a stimulus similar to regular training in physically active participants, regardless of the delivery of the electrical stimuli. More studies are needed to assess the effectiveness of WB-EMS in improving exercise adaptations during training programs.

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo explorar el impacto del entrenamiento con electroestimulación integral (WB-EMS) en la fuerza máxima y explosiva de mujeres físicamente activas y con experiencia en entrenamiento de fuerza. Participaron en el estudio diez mujeres con experiencia en entrenamiento. Realizaron entrenamiento de fuerza durante 6 semanas asignadas al azar al grupo control o WB-EMS. Las participantes realizaron dos sesiones de entrenamiento por semana, consistiendo en press de banca, remo, peso muerto y sentadilla con una carga del 85% de la repetición máxima (1RM), y usaron un transductor de posición lineal para monitorizar la velocidad de movimiento deteniendo el ejercicio cuando la velocidad bajó un 10%. La frecuencia de electroestimulación se estableció en 85Hz, el pulso fue de 350µs y tipo de pulso de onda rectangular bipolar. Los datos mostraron que la fuerza máxima, la velocidad máxima y el número máximo de repeticiones bajo una carga específica aumentaron significativamente (P≤0.05) en press de banca, sentadilla, remo y peso muerto en el grupo de entrenamiento con WB-EMS en comparación con el grupo control. Además, el rendimiento de salto en salto squat (SJ), salto con contra movimiento (CMJ) y salto Abalakov (ABK) fue significativamente mayor en comparación con el grupo control (P≤0.01). Podemos concluir que el entrenamiento de fuerza con WB-EMS durante 6 semanas mejoró la fuerza máxima y explosiva de mujeres físicamente activas y con experiencia en entrenamiento de fuerza, en comparación con el grupo control.

Introducción: el objetivo es analizar el estilo de vida, en función del ejercicio y la dieta, de un grupo de adolescentes de la Comunidad de Madrid, teniendo en cuenta género y patología y su relación con el estado nutricional, la distribución de grasa y la función pulmonar. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo de 207 sujetos que analizó el estilo de vida a partir del nivel de actividad física (AF) y la adherencia a la dieta mediterránea, el estado nutricional y la distribución de grasa, y la salud respiratoria. Resultados: El grupo de no asmáticos fue más activo (p=0,003) y presentó menor ICT (p=0,001) que el grupo de asmáticos. Se encontraron diferencias significativas dentro del grupo sin asma en nivel de AF siendo los varones más activos (p=0,01) y presentando menor índice cintura-talla (ICT) que las mujeres del mismo grupo (p=0,001). Conclusiones: Los adolescentes no asmáticos fueron más activos y presentaron mejor distribución de grasa que los asmáticos.

Background: Sensor-based systems and virtual reality (VR) technologies provide new opportunities for the objective, technology-driven assessment and training of visuomotor performance in applied contexts such as sport. Methods: This study examined the effects of an integrated visual training program combining stroboscopic stimulation, VR-based vergence exercises, and instrumented reaction-light tasks in adolescent handball players. Twenty-eight adolescent handball players (under-18 competitive level) completed two baseline assessments separated by six weeks, followed by a six-session training program (approximately 15 min per session) integrated into regular team practice. The intervention targeted visuomotor reaction speed, accommodative dynamics, and peripheral visual responsiveness using sensor-based and virtual reality–assisted stimuli. Results: Compared with both baseline measurements, the intervention produced selective improvements in accommodative facility (cycles per minute, cpm)—particularly near–far focusing speed—and in multiple reaction-time conditions (milliseconds, ms) involving manual and decision-based responses. Specific peripheral-field locations showed increased response scores, whereas binocular alignment, AC/A ratio, near phoria, and stereoscopic acuity remained unchanged. Conclusions: These findings indicate that technology-supported visual training protocols incorporating sensor-based reaction systems and VR stimuli were associated with measurable adaptations in dynamic visuomotor processing while preserving fundamental binocular vision parameters.

Background: Sensor-based systems and virtual reality (VR) technologies provide new opportunities for the objective, technology-driven assessment and training of visuo-motor performance in applied contexts such as sport. Methods: This study examined the effects of an integrated visual training program combining stroboscopic stimula-tion, VR-based vergence exercises, and instrumented reaction-light tasks in adolescent handball players. Twenty-eight youth athletes completed two baseline assessments separated by six weeks, followed by a six-session training program integrated into reg-ular team practice. Sensor-derived outcome measures included dynamic accommoda-tive performance, simple and choice visual reaction times, peripheral-field response metrics, binocular alignment, stereoscopic depth perception, and basic oculomotor function. Results: Compared with both baseline measurements, the intervention pro-duced selective improvements in accommodative facility—particularly near–far fo-cusing speed—and in multiple reaction-time conditions involving manual and deci-sion-based responses. Specific peripheral-field locations showed increased response scores, whereas binocular alignment, AC/A ratio, near phoria, and stereoscopic acuity remained unchanged. Conclusions: These findings indicate that technology-supported visual training protocols incorporating sensor-based reaction systems and VR stimuli can be associated with measurable adaptations in dynamic visuomotor processing while preserving fundamental binocular vision parameters.