Obese women were more susceptible to myalgia because of their significantly lower vitamin D concentrations; the present study investigated the efficacy of vitamin D in addition to an aerobic interval training in the management of obese women with myalgia. Forty-five obese women with vitamin D deficiency and myalgia (30 to 40 years old) were assigned randomly into three equal groups. Group A received an aerobic interval training with vitamin D supplementation, Group B received vitamin D supplementation only, and Group C received aerobic interval training only; participants in all groups were on calorie deficient diets. The study outcomes were the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for Pain Evaluation, serum vitamin D level, and Cooper 12-Minute Walk Test for Functional Capacity Evaluation, while the Short-Form Health Survey (SF) was used for assessment of quality of life. We detected a significant improvement in pain intensity level, serum vitamin D level, and quality of life in all groups with significant difference between Group A and groups B and C. We also detected a significant improvement in functional capacity in groups A and C, with no significant change in Group B. Aerobic interval training with vitamin D supplementation was more effective for the management of obese women with perceived myalgia.

Frozen shoulder is a major musculoskeletal illness in diabetic patients. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of shock wave and corticosteroid injection in the management of diabetic frozen shoulder patients. Fifty subjects with diabetic frozen shoulder were divided randomly into group A (the intra-articular corticosteroid injection group) and group B that received 12 sessions of shock wave therapy, while each patient in both groups received the traditional physiotherapy program. The level of pain and disability, the range of motion, as well as the glucose triad were evaluated before patient assignment to each group, during the study and at the end of the study. Compared to the pretreatment evaluations there were significant improvements of shoulder pain and disability and in shoulder flexion and abduction range of motion in both groups (p < 0.05). The shock wave group revealed a more significant improvement the intra-articular corticosteroid injection group, where p was 0.001 for shoulder pain and disability and shoulder flexion and abduction. Regarding the effect of both interventions on the glucose triad, there were significant improvements in glucose control with group B, where p was 0.001. Shock waves provide a more effective and safer treatment modality for diabetic frozen shoulder treatment than corticosteroid intra-articular injection.