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Changing climates and frequent spells of drought have increased the risk of crop failure, especially in arid and semi-arid regions, thus multiplying the vulnerability of food-insecure populations. The exogenous application of potassium (K) can potentially ameliorate the adverse effects of drought in maize by maintaining cell osmotic potential and turgidity, provided its optimum doses are applied. The present experiment comprised two maize cultivars, viz. Islamabad Gold (drought tolerant) and Azam (drought susceptible), grown under well-watered (80% water-holding capacity (WHC)), mild drought (60% WHC) and severe drought (40% WHC) conditions. Different doses of K, viz. 0%, 1% and 2%, were also tested to screen out the most superior concentration. Drought stress markedly reduced root and shoot lengths (25% and 16%, respectively) along with their dry weights (20% and 10%, respectively). Moreover, a substantial reduction in leaf relative water content (RWC) (24%), stomatal conductance, transpiration and photosynthesis rates, chlorophyll pigments a, b and total chlorophyll contents (31%) were recorded, compared with well-watered conditions. However, foliar application of K2SO4 at 2% concentration outperformed other doses by improving growth attributes, RWC (10%), total chlorophyll (9%) and proline (12%) under severe drought conditions. Our findings confirmed the effectiveness of foliage-applied K2SO4 in ameliorating drought effects in rainfed maize; however, more doses and sources of K could be tested for developing it as a potent source to cope with water stress.
Allah Wasaya; Muhammad Affan; Tauqeer Ahmad Yasir; Atique- Ur- Rehman; Khuram Mubeen; Haseeb Rehman; Muqarrab Ali; Farukh Nawaz; Ahmed Galal; Muhammad Iqbal; Mohammad Islam; Mohamed El-Sharnouby; Muhammad Rahman; Ayman EL Sabagh. Foliar Potassium Sulfate Application Improved Photosynthetic Characteristics, Water Relations and Seedling Growth of Drought-Stressed Maize. Atmosphere 2021, 12, 663 .
AMA StyleAllah Wasaya, Muhammad Affan, Tauqeer Ahmad Yasir, Atique- Ur- Rehman, Khuram Mubeen, Haseeb Rehman, Muqarrab Ali, Farukh Nawaz, Ahmed Galal, Muhammad Iqbal, Mohammad Islam, Mohamed El-Sharnouby, Muhammad Rahman, Ayman EL Sabagh. Foliar Potassium Sulfate Application Improved Photosynthetic Characteristics, Water Relations and Seedling Growth of Drought-Stressed Maize. Atmosphere. 2021; 12 (6):663.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAllah Wasaya; Muhammad Affan; Tauqeer Ahmad Yasir; Atique- Ur- Rehman; Khuram Mubeen; Haseeb Rehman; Muqarrab Ali; Farukh Nawaz; Ahmed Galal; Muhammad Iqbal; Mohammad Islam; Mohamed El-Sharnouby; Muhammad Rahman; Ayman EL Sabagh. 2021. "Foliar Potassium Sulfate Application Improved Photosynthetic Characteristics, Water Relations and Seedling Growth of Drought-Stressed Maize." Atmosphere 12, no. 6: 663.
Soil salinity disrupts the physiological and biochemical processes of crop plants and ultimately leads to compromising future food security. Sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a contributor to nitric oxide (NO), holds the potential to alleviate abiotic stress effects and boost tolerance in plants, whereas less information is available on its role in salt-stressed lentils. We examined the effect of exogenously applied SNP on salt-stressed lentil plants by monitoring plant growth and yield-related attributes, biochemistry of enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD)) amassing of leaf malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Salinity stress was induced by NaCl application at concentrations of 50 mM (moderate salinity) and 100 mM (severe salinity), while it was alleviated by SNP application at concentrations of 50 µM and 100 µM. Salinity stress severely inhibited the length of roots and shoots, the relative water content, and the chlorophyll content of the leaves, the number of branches, pods, seeds, seed yield, and biomass per plant. In addition, MDA, H2O2 as well as SOD, CAT, and POD activities were increased with increasing salinity levels. Plants supplemented with SNP (100 µM) showed a significant improvement in the growth- and yield-contributing parameters, especially in plants grown under moderate salinity (50 mM NaCl). Essentially, the application of 100 µM SNP remained effective to rescue lentil plants under moderate salinity by regulating plant growth and biochemical pathways. Thus, the exogenous application of SNP could be developed as a useful strategy for improving the performance of lentil plants in salinity-prone environments.
Tauqeer Yasir; Ayesha Khan; Milan Skalicky; Allah Wasaya; Muhammad Rehmani; Naeem Sarwar; Khuram Mubeen; Mudassir Aziz; Mohamed Hassan; Fahmy Hassan; Muhammad Iqbal; Marian Brestic; Mohammad Islam; Subhan Danish; Ayman EL Sabagh. Exogenous Sodium Nitroprusside Mitigates Salt Stress in Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) by Affecting the Growth, Yield, and Biochemical Properties. Molecules 2021, 26, 2576 .
AMA StyleTauqeer Yasir, Ayesha Khan, Milan Skalicky, Allah Wasaya, Muhammad Rehmani, Naeem Sarwar, Khuram Mubeen, Mudassir Aziz, Mohamed Hassan, Fahmy Hassan, Muhammad Iqbal, Marian Brestic, Mohammad Islam, Subhan Danish, Ayman EL Sabagh. Exogenous Sodium Nitroprusside Mitigates Salt Stress in Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) by Affecting the Growth, Yield, and Biochemical Properties. Molecules. 2021; 26 (9):2576.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTauqeer Yasir; Ayesha Khan; Milan Skalicky; Allah Wasaya; Muhammad Rehmani; Naeem Sarwar; Khuram Mubeen; Mudassir Aziz; Mohamed Hassan; Fahmy Hassan; Muhammad Iqbal; Marian Brestic; Mohammad Islam; Subhan Danish; Ayman EL Sabagh. 2021. "Exogenous Sodium Nitroprusside Mitigates Salt Stress in Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) by Affecting the Growth, Yield, and Biochemical Properties." Molecules 26, no. 9: 2576.
Climatic variations have created many challenges for farmers, but the most important one is the change in the dynamics of nutrient uptake by plants. Nutrients that were sufficient in soil are now found deficient, an issue that needs more focus in order to sustain crop productivity. Magnesium is very important plant nutrient that has a direct role in chlorophyll synthesis and interacts with other nutrients to manage physiological mechanisms. We designed field experiments focusing on the foliar application of magnesium at different growth and reproductive stages of a rice crop. Results reveal that the combination of rice cultivation system and magnesium application, i.e., flooded rice with Mg application at seedling + tillering + panicle initiation (F6T2), significantly improved crop growth and exhibited noticeable results in crop yield and grain quality. Moreover, the rice crop also recorded the highest benefit cost ratio (BCR) when kept flooded and fertilized with Mg at three stages; viz seedling, tillering, and panicle initiation; during both the years. Combined application of magnesium at growth and reproductive stages improved crop performance both in aerobic as well as in flooded rice, but the crop grown under flooded condition showed accelerated performance in both cropping seasons, which reflects its viability and economic feasibility.
Hakoomat Ali; Naeem Sarwar; Shah Muhammad; Omer Farooq; Atique-Ur Rehman; Allah Wasaya; Tauqeer Yasir; Khurram Mubeen; Muhammad Akhtar. Foliar Application of Magnesium at Critical Stages Improved the Productivity of Rice Crop Grown under Different Cultivation Systems. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4962 .
AMA StyleHakoomat Ali, Naeem Sarwar, Shah Muhammad, Omer Farooq, Atique-Ur Rehman, Allah Wasaya, Tauqeer Yasir, Khurram Mubeen, Muhammad Akhtar. Foliar Application of Magnesium at Critical Stages Improved the Productivity of Rice Crop Grown under Different Cultivation Systems. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (9):4962.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHakoomat Ali; Naeem Sarwar; Shah Muhammad; Omer Farooq; Atique-Ur Rehman; Allah Wasaya; Tauqeer Yasir; Khurram Mubeen; Muhammad Akhtar. 2021. "Foliar Application of Magnesium at Critical Stages Improved the Productivity of Rice Crop Grown under Different Cultivation Systems." Sustainability 13, no. 9: 4962.
Water scarceness is a major threat to wheat productivity under changing climate scenarios, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. However, growing drought-tolerant wheat genotypes could be a sustainable option to enhance wheat productivity under drought stress conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of mild to severe drought stress on gas exchange parameters, relative water content, SPAD-chlorophyll value, and yield-related parameters of 14 wheat genotypes being cultivated in arid to semi-arid areas on large scale. The genotypes were grown in earthen pots under three drought levels, namely (1) control-well watered, (2) mild water stress, i.e., 60% water holding capacity, and (3) severe water stress, i.e., 40% water holding capacity. The drought was imposed from the jointing stage to physiological maturity. Drought significantly decreased net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, relative water contents, 100-grain weight, and grain yield in all genotypes. However, the reduction percentage was different in different genotypes under drought stress compared with well-watered conditions. The highest relative water content (65.2%) was maintained by the genotype Galaxy-2013, followed by AAS-2011 (64.6%) and Johar-2016 (62.3%) under severe drought conditions. Likewise, Galaxy-2013 showed the highest net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance under severe drought conditions. The highest grain yield per plant (6.2 g) and 100-grain weight (3.3 g) was also recorded in Galaxy-2013 under severe drought conditions, while the highest grain yield under well-watered conditions was recorded in Johar-2016, followed by Galaxy-2013. These results suggest that wheat variety Galaxy-2013 could be cultivated extensively to obtain good wheat yield under limited water conditions.
Allah Wasaya; Sobia Manzoor; Tauqeer Yasir; Naeem Sarwar; Khuram Mubeen; Ismail Ismail; Ali Raza; Abdul Rehman; Akbar Hossain; Ayman EL Sabagh. Evaluation of Fourteen Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes by Observing Gas Exchange Parameters, Relative Water and Chlorophyll Content, and Yield Attributes under Drought Stress. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4799 .
AMA StyleAllah Wasaya, Sobia Manzoor, Tauqeer Yasir, Naeem Sarwar, Khuram Mubeen, Ismail Ismail, Ali Raza, Abdul Rehman, Akbar Hossain, Ayman EL Sabagh. Evaluation of Fourteen Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes by Observing Gas Exchange Parameters, Relative Water and Chlorophyll Content, and Yield Attributes under Drought Stress. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (9):4799.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAllah Wasaya; Sobia Manzoor; Tauqeer Yasir; Naeem Sarwar; Khuram Mubeen; Ismail Ismail; Ali Raza; Abdul Rehman; Akbar Hossain; Ayman EL Sabagh. 2021. "Evaluation of Fourteen Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes by Observing Gas Exchange Parameters, Relative Water and Chlorophyll Content, and Yield Attributes under Drought Stress." Sustainability 13, no. 9: 4799.
Livestock development in rainfed areas is slower due to the inadequate supply of nutritious fodder. Mono-cropping systems also have a negative impact on forage yield and nutrition as cereals are deficient in protein. Hence, there is a dire need to grow cereals with legumes to improve forage yield and quality. Therefore, a two-year field study was undertaken to evaluate winter cereal–legume forage and their mixtures viz. oats (cv. PD2-LV65), barley (Jau-86) and one legume viz. vetch (cv. Languedock) under different tillage systems viz. conventional tillage (moldboard plow+4-cultivation with tines) and conservation tillage (3 - cultivation with tines). Crops were grown in pure stands as well as in mixtures with a 70:30 seeding ratio. The results revealed that the conventional tillage system performed better in terms of numbers of tillers/branches, leaf-to-stem ratio and green fodder yield than the conservation tillage system. However, the conventional and conservation tillage systems did not show a significant difference in terms of crude protein, acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber. In the pure stands and cereal–legume mixtures, the oat–vetch mixture performed better in terms of plant height, leaf-to-stem ratio and green fodder yield. The maximum crude protein content was observed in the oat–vetch mixture, while the maximum acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber were observed in the pure oat stands. In competitive indices, the land-equivalent ratio and competitive ratio showed the advantage of intercropping. In actual yield loss, results showed the positive value of barley and oats in mixtures, which reflects the advantage of intercropping in the rainfed areas. The economic analysis showed a greater net benefit from the conventional tillage than the conservation tillage system under rainfed conditions. On the basis of this investigation, an oat–vetch mixture and the conventional tillage system are recommended for higher tonnage of nutritious fodder in rainfed areas.
Sunyad Sohail; Muhammad Ansar; Milan Skalicky; Allah Wasaya; Walid Soufan; Tauqeer Ahmad Yasir; Ahmed El-Shehawi; Marian Brestic; Mohammad Sohidul Islam; Muhammad Ali Raza; Ayman EL Sabagh. Influence of Tillage Systems and Cereals–Legume Mixture on Fodder Yield, Quality and Net Returns under Rainfed Conditions. Sustainability 2021, 13, 2172 .
AMA StyleSunyad Sohail, Muhammad Ansar, Milan Skalicky, Allah Wasaya, Walid Soufan, Tauqeer Ahmad Yasir, Ahmed El-Shehawi, Marian Brestic, Mohammad Sohidul Islam, Muhammad Ali Raza, Ayman EL Sabagh. Influence of Tillage Systems and Cereals–Legume Mixture on Fodder Yield, Quality and Net Returns under Rainfed Conditions. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (4):2172.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSunyad Sohail; Muhammad Ansar; Milan Skalicky; Allah Wasaya; Walid Soufan; Tauqeer Ahmad Yasir; Ahmed El-Shehawi; Marian Brestic; Mohammad Sohidul Islam; Muhammad Ali Raza; Ayman EL Sabagh. 2021. "Influence of Tillage Systems and Cereals–Legume Mixture on Fodder Yield, Quality and Net Returns under Rainfed Conditions." Sustainability 13, no. 4: 2172.
In rainfed agriculture, the optimum use of fertilizers could not be achieved due to moisture constraint. In such areas where agriculture is rainfall dependent, foliar application of nutrients is better option to optimize crop yield. Therefore, the present study was conducted to check the performance of maize varieties and assess the effect of foliage applied potassium (K) on the photosynthetic activity, stay green, grain yield and related attributes of maize under rainfed condition. Current study was carried out with the objective to find best adopted variety and K rate for increasing photosynthetic activity and grain yield in maize. The results showed that, foliar application of K (2%) improved stomatal conductance, photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll contents in maize variety Islamabad gold. It also improved grain size and 1000-grain weight which leads to 10% higher grain yield compared with control. However foliar application of 2% K as well as maize variety Islamabad gold should be further investigated under rainfed condition.
Allah Wasaya; Tauqeer Ahmad Yasir; Naeem Sarwar; Omer Farooq; Atique Ur Rehman; Khuram Mubeen; Muqarrab Ali; Muhammad Affan; Ahsan Aziz. Foliage applied potassium improves stay green, photosynthesis and yield of maize (Zea mays L.) under rainfed condition. Plant Physiology Reports 2021, 26, 38 -48.
AMA StyleAllah Wasaya, Tauqeer Ahmad Yasir, Naeem Sarwar, Omer Farooq, Atique Ur Rehman, Khuram Mubeen, Muqarrab Ali, Muhammad Affan, Ahsan Aziz. Foliage applied potassium improves stay green, photosynthesis and yield of maize (Zea mays L.) under rainfed condition. Plant Physiology Reports. 2021; 26 (1):38-48.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAllah Wasaya; Tauqeer Ahmad Yasir; Naeem Sarwar; Omer Farooq; Atique Ur Rehman; Khuram Mubeen; Muqarrab Ali; Muhammad Affan; Ahsan Aziz. 2021. "Foliage applied potassium improves stay green, photosynthesis and yield of maize (Zea mays L.) under rainfed condition." Plant Physiology Reports 26, no. 1: 38-48.
Drought stress is a serious threat for sustainable crop production throughout the world especially in arid and semi-arid regions and one of the main constraints to sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) production. Different mitigation strategies, including foliar spray of osmolytes such as β-aminobutyric acid (BABA), help the crop to combat drought conditions. A 2-year field study was conducted to evaluate the effect of exogenous application of BABA on the growth, productivity, and net return of sunflower under drought conditions. The experimental treatments comprised drought levels, viz., control (well watered (WW)); drought stress at vegetative stage (DVS); and drought stress at reproductive stage (DRS). Drought-mitigating treatments comprised foliar application of BABA, viz., 0 mM (control), 25 mM, 50 mM, and 75 mM with three replications. Foliar application of BABA under drought condition had significant effect on physiological traits, yield, and yield-related traits. Foliar application of 75-mM BABA solution improved SPAD–chlorophyll value and membrane stability index and maintained higher relative water contents. It also improved 1000-achene weight and achene yield, and produced about 41% and 44% more achene yield during 2018 and 2019 respectively compared with other treatments. Significant and positive correlations were also observed between yield and yield-contributing traits of sunflower under different water stress conditions. This finding suggests that foliar application of 75-mM BABA may be used as a viable option for sunflower growers to enhance achene yield and net benefit under drought conditions in arid and semi-arid regions.
Allah Wasaya; Tanveer Abbas; Tauqeer Ahmad Yasir; Naeem Sarwar; Ahsan Aziz; Muhammad Mansoor Javaid; Sheeraz Akram. Mitigating Drought Stress in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Through Exogenous Application of β-Aminobutyric Acid. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 2021, 1 -13.
AMA StyleAllah Wasaya, Tanveer Abbas, Tauqeer Ahmad Yasir, Naeem Sarwar, Ahsan Aziz, Muhammad Mansoor Javaid, Sheeraz Akram. Mitigating Drought Stress in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Through Exogenous Application of β-Aminobutyric Acid. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. 2021; ():1-13.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAllah Wasaya; Tanveer Abbas; Tauqeer Ahmad Yasir; Naeem Sarwar; Ahsan Aziz; Muhammad Mansoor Javaid; Sheeraz Akram. 2021. "Mitigating Drought Stress in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Through Exogenous Application of β-Aminobutyric Acid." Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition , no. : 1-13.
Carbon isotope discrimination (Δ) has been recognized as a valuable phenotyping tool in wheat breeding. However, technical expertise and analysis cost restrict its large-scale use. We examined the associations of ash content (AC), minerals content (Ca, K, Mg, Fe and Mn) and leaf chlorophyll content (Chl) with grain Δ and grain yield (GY) to assess their potential as substitute to grain Δ. We evaluated 49 wheat genotypes under two water deficit regimes (W120 and W200) in a rain-out shelter. Leaf chlorophyll content (Chl) was strongly correlated with grain Δ and GY under moderate water deficit regime (W200). Significant and negative correlations (P < 0.01) of AC and potassium concentration (K) with grain Δ, and between AC and GY was observed under both water regimes, while manganese concentration (Mn) was negatively correlated with grain Δ under W120 regime only and magnesium concentration (Mg) correlated negatively under the W200 regime only. Grain Δ was correlated (P < 0.01) positively with photosynthesis rate (A), stomatal conductance (gs) and GY, while correlated negatively (P < 0.01) with intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE) under both water regimes. Results confirm the role of grain Δ as an indirect selection criterion for drought tolerance under a wide range of drought conditions. Additionally, Chl is the most suitable trait to predict yield under moderate water deficit conditions. AC and K concentration in grain proved potentially useful and economical alternative criterion to grain Δ in the evaluation of differences in yield potential and drought tolerance in wheat under drought.
Tauqeer Ahmad Yasir; Allah Wasaya; Mubshar Hussain; Muhammad Ijaz; Muhammad Farooq; Omer Farooq; Ahmad Nawaz; Yin-Gang Hu. Evaluation of physiological markers for assessing drought tolerance and yield potential in bread wheat. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants 2019, 25, 1163 -1174.
AMA StyleTauqeer Ahmad Yasir, Allah Wasaya, Mubshar Hussain, Muhammad Ijaz, Muhammad Farooq, Omer Farooq, Ahmad Nawaz, Yin-Gang Hu. Evaluation of physiological markers for assessing drought tolerance and yield potential in bread wheat. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants. 2019; 25 (5):1163-1174.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTauqeer Ahmad Yasir; Allah Wasaya; Mubshar Hussain; Muhammad Ijaz; Muhammad Farooq; Omer Farooq; Ahmad Nawaz; Yin-Gang Hu. 2019. "Evaluation of physiological markers for assessing drought tolerance and yield potential in bread wheat." Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants 25, no. 5: 1163-1174.
Candidate gene association studies implicate the detection of contributing single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) for the target traits and have been recommended as a promising technique to anatomize the complex characters in plants. The ERECTA gene in plants controls different physiological functions. In this study, we identified SNPs in 1.1 kb partial sequences of TaER-1 and TaER-2 of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Thirty-nine SNPs were identified in the coding regions of TaER-1 gene in 33 wheat genotypes, of which 20 SNPs caused non-synonymous mutations while 19 SNPs produced synonymous mutations; 31 SNPs were located in the coding regions of TaER-2 gene in 26 genotypes, of which 18 SNPs caused non-synonymous mutations and 13 SNPs caused synonymous mutations. In addition, 32 SNPs in TaER-1 and 9 SNPs in TaER-2 were also identified in the non-coding regions. Moreover, the significant genetic associations of SNPs of TaER-1 and TaER-2 genes with carbon isotope discrimination, stomatal conductance, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE), leaf length, leaf width, stomatal density, epidermal cell density, and stomatal index were noted in wheat genotypes. This study confirms the importance of TaER-1 and TaER-2 genes which could improve iWUE of wheat by regulating leaf gas exchange and leaf structural traits. These identified SNPs may play a critical role in molecular breeding by means of marker-assisted selection.
T. A. Yasir; H. Ali; A. Wasaya; H. M. Aatif; M. Hussain; M. Farooq; A. W. Baloch; Y. G. Hu. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in TaER genes and their association with carbon isotope discrimination in wheat genotypes under drought. Biologia plantarum 2018, 62, 703 -710.
AMA StyleT. A. Yasir, H. Ali, A. Wasaya, H. M. Aatif, M. Hussain, M. Farooq, A. W. Baloch, Y. G. Hu. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in TaER genes and their association with carbon isotope discrimination in wheat genotypes under drought. Biologia plantarum. 2018; 62 (4):703-710.
Chicago/Turabian StyleT. A. Yasir; H. Ali; A. Wasaya; H. M. Aatif; M. Hussain; M. Farooq; A. W. Baloch; Y. G. Hu. 2018. "Single nucleotide polymorphisms in TaER genes and their association with carbon isotope discrimination in wheat genotypes under drought." Biologia plantarum 62, no. 4: 703-710.
M. A. Mugheri; A. W. Baloch; M. Baloch; T. A. Yasir; N. Gandahi; G. H. Jatoi; A. M. Baloch; M. Ali; I. A. Baloch. Genetic Diversity Analysis through Phenotypic Assessment in Bt-Cotton Germplasm. SINDH UNIVERSITY RESEARCH JOURNAL -SCIENCE SERIES 2017, 49, 739 .
AMA StyleM. A. Mugheri, A. W. Baloch, M. Baloch, T. A. Yasir, N. Gandahi, G. H. Jatoi, A. M. Baloch, M. Ali, I. A. Baloch. Genetic Diversity Analysis through Phenotypic Assessment in Bt-Cotton Germplasm. SINDH UNIVERSITY RESEARCH JOURNAL -SCIENCE SERIES. 2017; 49 (4):739.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. A. Mugheri; A. W. Baloch; M. Baloch; T. A. Yasir; N. Gandahi; G. H. Jatoi; A. M. Baloch; M. Ali; I. A. Baloch. 2017. "Genetic Diversity Analysis through Phenotypic Assessment in Bt-Cotton Germplasm." SINDH UNIVERSITY RESEARCH JOURNAL -SCIENCE SERIES 49, no. 4: 739.