Congenital Zika virus (ZIKV) infection may present with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations. Some sequelae, particularly neurodevelopmental problems, may have a later onset. We conducted a prospective cohort study of 799 high-risk pregnant women who were followed up until delivery. Eighty-three women and/or newborns were considered ZIKV exposed and/or infected. Laboratory diagnosis was made by polymerase chain reaction in the pregnant mothers and their respective newborns, as well as Dengue virus, Chikungunya virus, and ZIKV serology. Serology for toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, and syphilis infections were also performed in microcephalic newborns. The newborns included in the study were followed up until their third birthday. Developmental delay was observed in nine patients (13.2%): mild cognitive delay in three patients, speech delay in three patients, autism spectrum disorder in two patients, and severe neurological abnormalities in one microcephalic patient; sensorineural hearing loss, three patients and dysphagia, six patients. Microcephaly due to ZIKV occurred in three patients (3.6%). Clinical manifestations can appear after the first year of life in children infected/exposed to ZIKV, emphasizing the need for long-term follow-up.

Recent outbreaks of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection highlight the urgent need to evaluate the efficacy of current public health measures to educate susceptible groups about how to prevent infection, modes of viral transmission, and consequences of infection. We performed a cross-sectional study in the city of Jundiaí, São-Paulo, from March 2016 to August 2017. In 315 high-risk pregnant women we evaluated the rate of ZIKV infection, knowledge of pathways of ZIKV transmission, and the use of protective measures. Data were analyzed and correlated with sociodemographic variables. The rate of ZIKV infection was 10.8%. ZIKV transmission by mosquitoes was the best-known means of virus acquisition, while transmission of ZIKV by sexual intercourse as well as mother–fetus transmission was known by less than half of the women. The use of insect repellent, reported by 53% of participants, was correlated with higher education and personal directives from health professionals. Condom use was reported by 19.5% of subjects. Improved strategies to increase awareness of ZIKV infection and its consequences, designed to appeal to specific, targeted populations, are clearly necessary to more accurately prevent the spread of this infection and diminish adverse consequences in the pregnant population.

We sought to describe the prevalence of microcephaly and to compare the different cutoff points established by the Brazilian Ministry of Health at various times during a Zika virus epidemic. As a secondary aim, we investigated the possible etiology of the microcephaly. This retrospective study utilized newborn participants in the Zika Cohort Study Jundiaí. Newborns from the Zika Cohort Study Jundiaí with an accurate gestational age determination and complete anthropometric data were analyzed, and microcephaly was diagnosed according to the INTERGROWTH-21^st curve. At delivery, fluids were tested for specific antibodies and for viruses. Brain images were evaluated for microcephaly. Receiver Operating Characteristic curves were plotted to define the accuracy of different cutoff points for microcephaly diagnosis. Of 462 eligible newborns, 19 (4.1%) were positive for microcephaly. Cutoff points corresponding to the curves of the World Health Organization yielded the best sensitivity and specificity. Three of the microcephaly cases (15.8%) were positive for Zika virus infections; nine (47.4%) had intrauterine growth restriction; one had intrauterine growth restriction and was exposed to Zika virus; three had a genetic syndrome (15.8%); and three had causes that had not been determined (15.8%). Microcephaly prevalence was 4.1% in this study. Cutoff values determined by the World Health Organization had the highest sensitivity and specificity in relation to the standard IG curve. The main reason for microcephaly was intrauterine growth restriction. All possible causes of microcephaly must be investigated to allow the best development of an affected baby.

Introdução: A incidência da sífilis congênita vem apresentando aumento significativo nos últimos anos, passando a ser considerada uma doença reemergente em vários países. As áreas de maior vulnerabilidade socioeconômica são as que apresentam os índices mais preocupantes. Objetivos: Este estudo teve como objetivo descrever as características epidemiológicas da sífilis congênita dos casos notificados na Rede Regional de Atenção à Saúde 3 - RRAS 3- (estado de São Paulo). Métodos: A coleta de dados foi realizada no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (Sinan), por meio do sítio do Departamento de Informática do SUS (Datasus), no período de 2018 e 2022. Os dados analisados foram sífilis congênita, sífilis em gestante, características sociodemográficas maternas, acesso ao pré-natal e momento do diagnóstico de sífilis na gestante. Resultados: Aproximadamente 29% das gestantes com sífilis foram adolescentes. 86,3% das gestantes notificadas realizaram mais que 07 consultas de pré-natal e o diagnóstico de sífilis na gestante, em mais de 60% dos casos, ocorreu durante o pré-natal. Apenas 3,6% das gestantes com sífilis receberam tratamento adequado. Conclusão: O enfrentamento à sífilis congênita requer mudanças profundas e robustas no âmbito da atenção básica à saúde, para que se corrijam as deficiências que perpetuam o problema.

Zika virus (ZIKV) infection can result in hearing loss in babies, consequently, audiological monitoring is necessary.This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of hearing impairment in neonates and... 背景：寨卡病毒 (ZIKV) 感染可导致婴儿听力损失, 因此, 听力检控是必要的。目的：本研究旨在评估宫内期间暴露于寨卡病毒的新生儿和儿童听力障碍的频率。材料和方法：在怀孕期间（2016 年 3 月至 2017 年 1 月）感染寨卡病毒的母亲所生的 30 名儿童在出生后 48 小时接受了反复的听力评估。 通用新生儿听力筛查显示所有儿童在 6 个月、13 个月、24 个月和36个月时结果正常。...

One of the main gaps in characterizing the congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) up to now is the small number of participants in individual studies. Pooling the data together overcomes the sample size-related limitations of individual studies and provides an opportunity for investigating heterogeneity between studies and, as appropriate, to better characterize the CZS . This study aims to describe adverse anthropometric, clinical, and neuroimaging outcomes in Brazilian children with Zika-related microcephaly.Individual participant data meta-analysis of 12 cohorts of the Zika Brazilian Cohorts Consortium (ZBC-Consortium), using primary data from children with Zika-related microcephaly, born between January/2015 and July/2018. We included 843 children with microcephaly at birth, at first evaluation, or over follow-up. Of 601 children with microcephaly at birth, 217 (36.1%) had moderate and 384 (63.9%) had severe microcephaly. Postnatal microcephaly occurred in 172 (20.4%) children. There was heterogeneity across studies. Severe microcephaly ranged from 11-87.5%; prematurity from 10-20% in most sites; low birth weight from 10-43.8%. Deficit of social attention, hyperreflexia, and persistence of primitive reflexes were reported in at least 50% of the children in the larger cohorts. Epilepsy ranged from 30-80% of the children and dysphagia, from 22.2-67.7%. Calcifications and ventriculomegaly were the most consistent and frequent abnormality (around 80%). Cortical atrophy or other development disorders were reported in around 50% of the children. The frequency of fundal, optical nerve and hearing abnormalities ranged from 0-67.1%, 0-36.5% and 0–50%, respectively. This large sample size allowed us to describe the spectrum of severity and of manifestations of Congenital Zika Syndrome.