Nowadays, the imidazolium-based ionic liquids containing acetate counter-ions are attracting much attention as both highly selective absorbents of the acidic gases and CO₂ carriers in the supported ionic liquid membranes. In this regard, the investigation of the gas transport properties of such membranes may be appropriate for better understanding of various factors affecting the separation performance and the selection of the optimal operating conditions. In this work, we have tested CH₄, CO₂ and H₂S permeability across the supported ionic liquid membranes impregnated by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (bmim[OAc]) with the following determination of the ideal selectivity in order to compare the facilitated transport membrane performance with the supported ionic liquid membrane (SILM) that provides solution-diffusion mechanism, namely, containing 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (bmim[BF₄]). Both SILMs have showed modest individual gases permeability and ideal selectivity of CO₂/CH₄ and H₂S/CH₄ separation that achieves values up to 15 and 32, respectively. The effect of the feed gas mixture composition on the permeability of acidic gases and permeselectivity of the gas pair was investigated. It turned out that the permeation behavior for the bmim[OAc]-based SILM toward the binary CO₂/CH₄, H₂S/CH₄ and ternary CO₂/H₂S/CH₄ mixtures was featured with high acidic gases selectivity due to the relatively low methane penetration through the liquid phase saturated by acidic gases.

Microporous polymers based on anionic macroinitiator and toluene 2,4-diisocyanate were used as a support for 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([bmim][PF₆]) and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([emim][Tf₂N]) immobilization. The polymeric support was modified by using silica particles associated in oligomeric media, and the influence of the modifier used on the polymeric structure was studied. The supported ionic liquid membranes (SILMs) were tested for He, N₂, NH₃, H₂S, and CO₂ gas separation and ideal selectivities were calculated. The high values of ideal selectivity for ammonia-based systems with permanent gases were observed on polymer matrixes immobilized with [bmim][PF₆] and [emim][Tf₂N]. The modification of SILMs by nanosize silica particles leads to an increase of NH₃ separation relatively to CO₂ or H₂S.

Optically transparent mesoporous polymers have been synthesized through the anionic polymerization of 2,4-toluene diisocyanate initiated by anionic macroinitiators. The influence of the molecular weight of the macroinitiators on the formation behavior of amphiphilic block copolymers has been considered along with the role of substituted urea in the stabilization of the O-polyisocyanate blocks. The features of the supramolecular organization of mesoporous polymers have been studied. It has been shown that an increase in the proportion of O-polyisocyanate blocks in the coplanar trans configuration in the polymers is accompanied by a significant decrease in their volume electrical resistivity values. The preferential formation of amphiphilic block copolymers is reflected in the formation of highly ordered domains and perfection of the supramolecular cellular geometry of mesoporous polymers. It has been found that the mesoporous polymer structuring enables the immobilization of organic chromophores. It has been shown that luminophores in the cavities of mesopores generate laser radiation and exhibit high resistance to high-power laser radiation.

Self-organization and arrangement of supramolecular structures from block-copolymers are some of the ways used for the development of nanoporous and mesoporous polymers. Herein, reactive olygomers can play the key role in the design of supramolecular arranging of polymers. Optically transparent mesoporuos block-copolymers with adjusted free volume are obtained by the polyaddition of 2,4-toluene diisocyanate (TDI) to anionic macroinitiators. The mechanism of polyaddition of TDI to an anionic macroinitiator in various chemical solvents was studied by infrared spectroscopy. It is established that the reaction of forming polyisocyanate blocks of acetal nature (O-polyisocyanate) and stabilization of end O-polyisocyanate chains are based on the formation of voids in polymer. The formation of voids is conditioned by the geometry of self-organization of block-copolymers containing end potassium-O-polyisocyanates stabilized by crown ether fragments. The formation of urea with the participation of isocyanate groups of ortho-location of TDI is one of the main factors of the stabilization of O-polyisocyanate blocks. The investigation of the polymer sorption properties was carried out by electron spectroscopy. As an adsorbed dye Rhodamine 6G was used. The ability of Rhodamine 6G to sorb depended on the content of the O-polyisocyanate component in the polymer. Mesoporous polymers demonstrated high efficiency as an optically transparent matrix for laser-active media with high radiation stability. Rhodamine 6G in mesoporous polymers retains spectral luminescent properties and generates laser radiation during excitation by the second harmonic of Nd:YAG laser.

The review summarizes the results of recent studies in the field of synthesis of polymers containing a sulfonic group. Various methods for obtaining polysulfones and their prospects from the point of view of practical implementation are considered.

Herein, we report for the first time a study dedicated to acidic gases’ solubility in ionic liquids with sterically hindered bulky anion, namely bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate ([doc]), experimentally evaluated at low pressures. The effect of cation change (imidazolium, pyridinium, and pyrrolidinium) on the thermophysical properties and sorption capacities was also discussed. The densities and the activation energies of the tested ILs exhibited minor differences. Furthermore, the COSMO-RS model was used to predict the free volumes of ILs aiming to investigate its influence on gas solubilities. The conducted calculations have revealed an antibate correlation between the fractional free volume (FFV) and Henry’s law constant. In particular, the lowest FFV in 1-methylimidazolium [doc] corresponded to the minimal sorption and vice versa. In addition, it was shown that the presence of protic cation results in a significant reduction in CO₂ and H₂S solubilities. In general, the solubility measurement results of the synthesized ILs have shown their superiority compared to fluorinated ILs based on the physical absorption mechanism.