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Abbas Z. Kouzani
School of Engineering Deakin University Geelong Victoria Australia

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Perspective
Published: 26 August 2021 in Sustainability
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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease characterised by symptoms that are like the common cold. The current pandemic situation in anticipation of a vaccine has posed serious threats to the health and economic sectors of countries worldwide. To overcome the quick transmission of the virus, the government of Australia has also taken drastic measures to prevent its spread. These policies include an international and interstate travel ban, social distancing rules, lockdown, shutdown of educational institutes and work-from-home policies. Such rules have affected people on both behavioural and psychological levels. This study aims to analyse the effect of COVID-19 on Australian citizens, and therefore, the changed behaviour of citizens concerning their mobility patterns, transport preferences and shopping methods under the pandemic have been studied. A detailed literature search was adopted for gathering data related to the study theme, along with real-time evidence of changes in the behaviour of people following the pandemic. The socioeconomic impact of the pandemic on social inequality and thereby the effect on the vulnerable people of the population are also studied. Authentic surveys and statistical data are consulted to figure out how the new lifestyle choices of people will linger in the post-pandemic era. It was found that people in Australia have adopted the work-from-home regime, and new habits suiting the nationwide restrictions have become routine for many people.

ACS Style

Hafiz Suliman Munawar; Sara Imran Khan; Zakria Qadir; Yusra Sajid Kiani; Abbas Z. Kouzani; M. A. Parvez Mahmud. Insights into the Mobility Pattern of Australians during COVID-19. Sustainability 2021, 13, 9611 .

AMA Style

Hafiz Suliman Munawar, Sara Imran Khan, Zakria Qadir, Yusra Sajid Kiani, Abbas Z. Kouzani, M. A. Parvez Mahmud. Insights into the Mobility Pattern of Australians during COVID-19. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (17):9611.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hafiz Suliman Munawar; Sara Imran Khan; Zakria Qadir; Yusra Sajid Kiani; Abbas Z. Kouzani; M. A. Parvez Mahmud. 2021. "Insights into the Mobility Pattern of Australians during COVID-19." Sustainability 13, no. 17: 9611.

Research article
Published: 24 August 2021 in Journal of Field Robotics
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Unmanned aerial vehicles, or drones, are a technology that has seen rapid growth. Their ability to offload tasks that are once considered labor intensive is one of their many appealing aspects. This aspect increases time for tasks of higher importance, meaning reliance on this technology is ever increasing. These tasks include land geo-mapping, firefighting, surveillance, delivery services, search and rescue among others. As with every growing technology, however, comes the negative exposure, shadowing further expansion and growth. For drones, this includes noise pollution, and hazardous, low efficiency propulsion systems. Regulations and laws are beginning to surface, regulating the use of drones and their noise levels within airspace, as future growth can overcrowd airspace. Current drones use propulsion systems that expose the public to hazardous propellers and high levels of noise, thus unsuitable for their expected growth. This paper presents a novel variable-geometry exit nozzle to improve the efficiency of current propulsion systems in drones, in turn reducing noise levels and hazards, that are currently foreshadowing drones. The presented propulsion method achieves results that show better performance than a ducted fan and propeller under static conditions. Three experiments are conducted, and the results are reported and discussed.

ACS Style

Dean M. Corva; Scott D. Adams; Abbas Z. Kouzani. Variable‐geometry exit nozzle for improving static thrust of drones ducted fans. Journal of Field Robotics 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Dean M. Corva, Scott D. Adams, Abbas Z. Kouzani. Variable‐geometry exit nozzle for improving static thrust of drones ducted fans. Journal of Field Robotics. 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dean M. Corva; Scott D. Adams; Abbas Z. Kouzani. 2021. "Variable‐geometry exit nozzle for improving static thrust of drones ducted fans." Journal of Field Robotics , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 23 August 2021 in Sensors
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Defective PV panels reduce the efficiency of the whole PV string, causing loss of investment by decreasing its efficiency and lifetime. In this study, firstly, an isolated convolution neural model (ICNM) was prepared from scratch to classify the infrared images of PV panels based on their health, i.e., healthy, hotspot, and faulty. The ICNM occupies the least memory, and it also has the simplest architecture, lowest execution time, and an accuracy of 96% compared to transfer learned pre-trained ShuffleNet, GoogleNet, and SqueezeNet models. Afterward, ICNM, based on its advantages, is reused through transfer learning to classify the defects of PV panels into five classes, i.e., bird drop, single, patchwork, horizontally aligned string, and block with 97.62% testing accuracy. This proposed approach can identify and classify the PV panels based on their health and defects faster with high accuracy and occupies the least amount of the system’s memory, resulting in savings in the PV investment.

ACS Style

Waqas Ahmed; Aamir Hanif; Karam Dad Kallu; Abbas Z. Kouzani; Muhammad Umair Ali; Amad Zafar. Photovoltaic Panels Classification Using Isolated and Transfer Learned Deep Neural Models Using Infrared Thermographic Images. Sensors 2021, 21, 5668 .

AMA Style

Waqas Ahmed, Aamir Hanif, Karam Dad Kallu, Abbas Z. Kouzani, Muhammad Umair Ali, Amad Zafar. Photovoltaic Panels Classification Using Isolated and Transfer Learned Deep Neural Models Using Infrared Thermographic Images. Sensors. 2021; 21 (16):5668.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Waqas Ahmed; Aamir Hanif; Karam Dad Kallu; Abbas Z. Kouzani; Muhammad Umair Ali; Amad Zafar. 2021. "Photovoltaic Panels Classification Using Isolated and Transfer Learned Deep Neural Models Using Infrared Thermographic Images." Sensors 21, no. 16: 5668.

Journal article
Published: 19 August 2021 in Applied Sciences
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In this paper, a coordinated multipoint joint transmission (CoMP-JT) framework at mmWave for a cyclic prefix (CP)-free multiuser OFDM wireless communication system is developed and analyzed. The aim is to provide high-quality service to cell-edge users; otherwise, the cell-users would suffer from significant signal degradation due to undesired interference. The impact of complex Hadamard transform with block diagonalization channel precoding for multiuser interference reduction and designed subcarrier mapping for out-of-band (OOB) reduction are investigated. In addition, the paper studied the input back-off-aided high-power amplifier for peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) reduction and forward error correction channel coding for improved bit error rate (BER) for cell-edge users at mmWave frequencies. Moreover, signal-to-interference-noise ratio and ergodic achievable rate are estimated both in the presence and absence of CoMP-JT-based transmission technique to verify their significance in terms of transmitted power. Numerical investigations showed an OOB reduction of 312 dB, PAPR reduction from 17.50 dB to 7.66 dB, and improved BER of 1×103 in 16-QAM for a signal-to-noise ratio of −6 dB. Hence, the simulation results demonstrated the effectiveness of the developed system.

ACS Style

Joarder Jafor Sadique; Saifur Rahman Sabuj; Shaikh Enayet Ullah; Akbar Hossain; Raad Raad; Rabiul Islam; Abbas Z. Kouzani; M. A. Parvez Mahmud. Analytical Framework of CP-Free Multiuser OFDM System for Coordinated Multi-Point at mmWave. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 7605 .

AMA Style

Joarder Jafor Sadique, Saifur Rahman Sabuj, Shaikh Enayet Ullah, Akbar Hossain, Raad Raad, Rabiul Islam, Abbas Z. Kouzani, M. A. Parvez Mahmud. Analytical Framework of CP-Free Multiuser OFDM System for Coordinated Multi-Point at mmWave. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (16):7605.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Joarder Jafor Sadique; Saifur Rahman Sabuj; Shaikh Enayet Ullah; Akbar Hossain; Raad Raad; Rabiul Islam; Abbas Z. Kouzani; M. A. Parvez Mahmud. 2021. "Analytical Framework of CP-Free Multiuser OFDM System for Coordinated Multi-Point at mmWave." Applied Sciences 11, no. 16: 7605.

Journal article
Published: 08 July 2021 in Buildings
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Detecting buildings from high-resolution satellite imagery is beneficial in mapping, environmental preparation, disaster management, military planning, urban planning and research purposes. Differentiating buildings from the images is possible however, it may be a time-consuming or complicated process. Therefore, the high-resolution imagery from satellites needs to be automated to detect the buildings. Additionally, buildings exhibit several different characteristics, and their appearance in these images is unplanned. Moreover, buildings in the metropolitan environment are typically crowded and complicated. Therefore, it is challenging to identify the building and hard to locate them. To resolve this situation, a novel probabilistic method has been suggested using local features and probabilistic approaches. A local feature extraction technique was implemented, which was used to calculate the probability density function. The locations in the image were represented as joint probability distributions and were used to estimate their probability distribution function (pdf). The density of building locations in the image was extracted. Kernel density distribution was also used to find the density flow for different metropolitan cities such as Sydney (Australia), Tokyo (Japan), and Mumbai (India), which is useful for distribution intensity and pattern of facility point f interest (POI). The purpose system can detect buildings/rooftops and to test our system, we choose some crops with panchromatic high-resolution satellite images from Australia and our results looks promising with high efficiency and minimal computational time for feature extraction. We were able to detect buildings with shadows and building without shadows in 0.4468 (seconds) and 0.5126 (seconds) respectively.

ACS Style

Hafiz Munawar; Riya Aggarwal; Zakria Qadir; Sara Khan; Abbas Kouzani; M. Mahmud. A Gabor Filter-Based Protocol for Automated Image-Based Building Detection. Buildings 2021, 11, 302 .

AMA Style

Hafiz Munawar, Riya Aggarwal, Zakria Qadir, Sara Khan, Abbas Kouzani, M. Mahmud. A Gabor Filter-Based Protocol for Automated Image-Based Building Detection. Buildings. 2021; 11 (7):302.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hafiz Munawar; Riya Aggarwal; Zakria Qadir; Sara Khan; Abbas Kouzani; M. Mahmud. 2021. "A Gabor Filter-Based Protocol for Automated Image-Based Building Detection." Buildings 11, no. 7: 302.

Journal article
Published: 07 July 2021 in IEEE Transactions on Medical Robotics and Bionics
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Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an invasive neuromodulatory technique used for the treatment of individuals with neurological disorders. Open-loop DBS delivers fixed stimulation pulses while closed-loop DBS senses the state of disorder and delivers stimulation pulses optimized for the sensed state adaptively. This review focuses on current miniature closed-loop DBS devices. The latest progress in stimulation techniques and electrode configurations are discussed. We cover common circuit configurations used for stimulation and outline the latest methods for delivering rectangular and non-rectangular stimulation waveforms. Recent advances in feedback control for closing the loop in DBS are highlighted, as are cutting edge developments in artificial intelligence (AI) methods that analyse the sensed data to determine the state of disorder. Finally, we critically discuss present issues and future directions of miniaturized closed-loop DBS.

ACS Style

Dean M. Corva; Scott D. Adams; Kevin E. Bennet; Parastoo Hashemi; Michael Berk; Abbas Z. Kouzani. An Investigation Into Miniaturised Closed-Loop DBS Devices. IEEE Transactions on Medical Robotics and Bionics 2021, 3, 671 -680.

AMA Style

Dean M. Corva, Scott D. Adams, Kevin E. Bennet, Parastoo Hashemi, Michael Berk, Abbas Z. Kouzani. An Investigation Into Miniaturised Closed-Loop DBS Devices. IEEE Transactions on Medical Robotics and Bionics. 2021; 3 (3):671-680.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dean M. Corva; Scott D. Adams; Kevin E. Bennet; Parastoo Hashemi; Michael Berk; Abbas Z. Kouzani. 2021. "An Investigation Into Miniaturised Closed-Loop DBS Devices." IEEE Transactions on Medical Robotics and Bionics 3, no. 3: 671-680.

Journal article
Published: 02 July 2021 in IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
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By providing a reliable and economical supply of energy, microgrids (MGs) may play a pivotal role in the case of large grid disruptions. However, the resilience benefits of microgrids in terms of outage survivability that often leads to economic paybacks are not well investigated in the existing literature. To address this concern, this paper optimizes and simulates a grid-connected MG placed at a hospital in the USA, consisting of a photovoltaic (PV) module and an energy storage unit that can adequately prevent a prolonged blackout. The impact of net energy metering (NEM) and diesel generator (DG) has further been examined for this hybrid system. Four different cases have been optimized and results show that the PV and battery work in tandem, both with and without considering the existing DG and NEM and meets all critical load demand during a grid outage. The findings also indicate that the proposed approach yields significant economic benefits for two cases relative to business as usual case

ACS Style

Hasan Masrur; Tomonobu Senjyu; Rabiul Islam; Abbas Z. Kouzani; M A Parvez Mahmud. Resilience-oriented Dispatch of Microgrids Considering Grid Interruptions. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 2021, PP, 1 -1.

AMA Style

Hasan Masrur, Tomonobu Senjyu, Rabiul Islam, Abbas Z. Kouzani, M A Parvez Mahmud. Resilience-oriented Dispatch of Microgrids Considering Grid Interruptions. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity. 2021; PP (99):1-1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hasan Masrur; Tomonobu Senjyu; Rabiul Islam; Abbas Z. Kouzani; M A Parvez Mahmud. 2021. "Resilience-oriented Dispatch of Microgrids Considering Grid Interruptions." IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity PP, no. 99: 1-1.

Journal article
Published: 02 July 2021 in IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
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Recent developments in multilevel inverters have provided impetus for their applications in the medium voltage renewable energy generation processes. This paper proposes an advanced pulse width modulation technique for a modular multilevel cascaded (MMC) inverter based grid integrated solar photovoltaic (PV) system. It offers lower total harmonic distortion (THD) and power losses compared to the existing modulation techniques. This paper shows the design and performance evaluation of the proposed technique using a 3-phase 5-level MMC inverter-based grid connected PV system. The proposed PWM technique offers 12.49% (without filter) and 0.96% (with filter) output line voltage THDs. It also offers 4.64% output current THD, which complies with the IEEE-519 standard for grid integration. Besides THD reduction, it also reduces the switching and conduction power losses of the MMC inverter. Lower losses may help to keep device temperature low, which is essential for power converters used in superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) systems. The simulation is performed in MATLAB/Simulink and the proposed technique is experimentally validated with a laboratory test platform.

ACS Style

Safa Haq; Shuvra Prokash Biswas; Sumaya Jahan; Rabiul Islam; Ashib Rahman; M A Parvez Mahmud; Abbas Z. Kouzani. An Advanced PWM Technique for MMC Inverter Based Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 2021, 31, 1 -5.

AMA Style

Safa Haq, Shuvra Prokash Biswas, Sumaya Jahan, Rabiul Islam, Ashib Rahman, M A Parvez Mahmud, Abbas Z. Kouzani. An Advanced PWM Technique for MMC Inverter Based Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity. 2021; 31 (8):1-5.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Safa Haq; Shuvra Prokash Biswas; Sumaya Jahan; Rabiul Islam; Ashib Rahman; M A Parvez Mahmud; Abbas Z. Kouzani. 2021. "An Advanced PWM Technique for MMC Inverter Based Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems." IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 31, no. 8: 1-5.

Journal article
Published: 02 July 2021 in IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
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The power converters are mostly prone to frequent failures. One of the major causes for their failures is the uneven distribution of power losses among the semiconductor devices. As a consequence, an improved switching strategy with even loss distribution is strongly recommended. The conventional equal loading bus clamping pulse width modulation scheme guarantees equal loss sharing among the devices when the converter operates at unity power factor (pf). However, when the converter operates at non-unity pf, some of the devices are heavily stressed due to high loss density, i.e., junction temperatures of some of the devices become higher than the others. This paper proposes an advanced switching strategy based on model predictive control for a grid-connected single-phase H-bridge converter used in various applications including superconducting magnetic energy storage system. The proposed strategy can achieve balanced loss sharing and almost uniform thermal stress among the devices of the converter under all pf. The novelty of the proposed technique is verified with a scaled-down laboratory test prototype.

ACS Style

Razon Chowdhury; Sumon Chowdhury; Ashib Rahman; Rabiul Islam; M. A. Parvez Mahmud; Abbas Z. Kouzani. Model Predictive Control Based Advanced Switching Strategy for H-Bridge Converter Used in SMES Applications to Obtain Even Loss Sharing. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 2021, 31, 1 -6.

AMA Style

Razon Chowdhury, Sumon Chowdhury, Ashib Rahman, Rabiul Islam, M. A. Parvez Mahmud, Abbas Z. Kouzani. Model Predictive Control Based Advanced Switching Strategy for H-Bridge Converter Used in SMES Applications to Obtain Even Loss Sharing. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity. 2021; 31 (8):1-6.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Razon Chowdhury; Sumon Chowdhury; Ashib Rahman; Rabiul Islam; M. A. Parvez Mahmud; Abbas Z. Kouzani. 2021. "Model Predictive Control Based Advanced Switching Strategy for H-Bridge Converter Used in SMES Applications to Obtain Even Loss Sharing." IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 31, no. 8: 1-6.

Journal article
Published: 02 July 2021 in IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
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This paper proposes a capacitive bridge-type superconducting fault current limiter (CB-SFCL) to address the most concerning issue with the grid connected hybrid power system by improving the transient performance. The hybrid system incorporates a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) based wind farm, a solar photovoltaic (PV) system and a synchronous generator (SG) based power system. The CB-SFCL incorporates a high temperature superconductor (HTS) along with a power capacitor to provide adequate reactive power support before and after the fault. The capacitor is kept inactive during normal operation by a control circuit to ensure a seamless operation. During fault, the capacitor gets connected in series with the HTS and suppress the fault current. The performance of the CB-SFCL is investigated by proper graphical and mathematical analyses and conclusions are obtained by comparing them with that of the conventional bridge-type superconducting fault current limiter (BSFCL) and a capacitive bridge-type fault current limiter (CBFCL). The analyses support the theoretical superiority of the CB-SFCL over the BSFCL and the CBFCL by a satisfying margin.

ACS Style

Jakir Hasan; Rashidul Islam; Rabiul Islam; Abbas Z. Kouzani; M A Parvez Mahmud. A Capacitive Bridge-Type Superconducting Fault Current Limiter to Improve the Transient Performance of DFIG/PV/SG-Based Hybrid Power System. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 2021, 31, 1 -5.

AMA Style

Jakir Hasan, Rashidul Islam, Rabiul Islam, Abbas Z. Kouzani, M A Parvez Mahmud. A Capacitive Bridge-Type Superconducting Fault Current Limiter to Improve the Transient Performance of DFIG/PV/SG-Based Hybrid Power System. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity. 2021; 31 (8):1-5.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jakir Hasan; Rashidul Islam; Rabiul Islam; Abbas Z. Kouzani; M A Parvez Mahmud. 2021. "A Capacitive Bridge-Type Superconducting Fault Current Limiter to Improve the Transient Performance of DFIG/PV/SG-Based Hybrid Power System." IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 31, no. 8: 1-5.

Journal article
Published: 02 July 2021 in IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
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Nowadays, the use of superconductive magnetic energy storage (SMES) devices in grid integration are highly escalated with the technological amelioration of magnetic components. The power quality and energy conversion efficiency of the power conditioning system of the SMES and renewable energy systems depend on the control algorithms of the voltage source inverter (VSI). However, the traditional control schemes cause inferior response and conversion efficiency. In this paper, an advanced control technique named PI+LLC controller is proposed, which is based on the proportional integral (PI) controller and lead-lag compensator (LLC). The proposed control technique offers significant reduction in the total harmonic distortion (THD), superior dynamic response, smooth response against fault, excellent reference tracking capability of grid current and improved power quality performance at both inverter side and grid side for a 5-level neutral point clamped inverter based grid-tied photovoltaic system. It is expected that, the proposed control scheme can also be used to mitigate the excessive heat of the VSI based SMES system by improving the performance of the power conditioning system. The performance of the proposed control technique is evaluated in MATLAB/Simulink environment to validate the excellent features of the proposed control scheme.

ACS Style

Sumaya Jahan; Shuvra Prokash Biswas; Safa Haq; Rabiul Islam; M A Parvez Mahmud; Abbas Z. Kouzani. An Advanced Control Scheme for Voltage Source Inverter Based Grid-Tied PV Systems. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 2021, 31, 1 -5.

AMA Style

Sumaya Jahan, Shuvra Prokash Biswas, Safa Haq, Rabiul Islam, M A Parvez Mahmud, Abbas Z. Kouzani. An Advanced Control Scheme for Voltage Source Inverter Based Grid-Tied PV Systems. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity. 2021; 31 (8):1-5.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sumaya Jahan; Shuvra Prokash Biswas; Safa Haq; Rabiul Islam; M A Parvez Mahmud; Abbas Z. Kouzani. 2021. "An Advanced Control Scheme for Voltage Source Inverter Based Grid-Tied PV Systems." IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 31, no. 8: 1-5.

Journal article
Published: 02 July 2021 in IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
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The fault analysis of a transmission line (TL) are the key factors for the rapid restoration of the power network. Due to the recent expansion of the power system as well as the increased generation capacity, the magnitude of the fault current increases beyond the interruption capability of the existing circuit breaker. In this turn, the superconducting fault current limiters (SFCLs) come in handy which limits the fault current and facilitates the tripping operation without upgrading the breaker rating. Besides, the SFCLs affect the three-phase signals which, in turn, negatively affect the transmission line protection scheme. This paper proposes an unsupervised framework for fault detection and classification of a transmission line with SFCLs. The proposed scheme receives 1/2 cycle post-fault three-phase signals and hierarchically extracts the fault information for fault analyzing purposes. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is justified in terms of overall and individual accuracy. Further assessment of the models performance against noise and measurement error is also carried out in order to confirm the high reliability of the proposed model.

ACS Style

Shahriar Rahman Fahim; Subrata K. Sarker; Sajal Kumar Das; Rabiul Islam; Abbas Z. Kouzani; M A Parvez Mahmud. A Probabilistic Generative Model for Fault Analysis of a Transmission line with SFCL. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 2021, PP, 1 -1.

AMA Style

Shahriar Rahman Fahim, Subrata K. Sarker, Sajal Kumar Das, Rabiul Islam, Abbas Z. Kouzani, M A Parvez Mahmud. A Probabilistic Generative Model for Fault Analysis of a Transmission line with SFCL. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity. 2021; PP (99):1-1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shahriar Rahman Fahim; Subrata K. Sarker; Sajal Kumar Das; Rabiul Islam; Abbas Z. Kouzani; M A Parvez Mahmud. 2021. "A Probabilistic Generative Model for Fault Analysis of a Transmission line with SFCL." IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity PP, no. 99: 1-1.

Review
Published: 29 June 2021 in Energies
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Sound localization is a vast field of research and advancement which is used in many useful applications to facilitate communication, radars, medical aid, and speech enhancement to but name a few. Many different methods are presented in recent times in this field to gain benefits. Various types of microphone arrays serve the purpose of sensing the incoming sound. This paper presents an overview of the importance of using sound localization in different applications along with the use and limitations of ad-hoc microphones over other microphones. In order to overcome these limitations certain approaches are also presented. Detailed explanation of some of the existing methods that are used for sound localization using microphone arrays in the recent literature is given. Existing methods are studied in a comparative fashion along with the factors that influence the choice of one method over the others. This review is done in order to form a basis for choosing the best fit method for our use.

ACS Style

Muhammad Liaquat; Hafiz Munawar; Amna Rahman; Zakria Qadir; Abbas Kouzani; M. Mahmud. Localization of Sound Sources: A Systematic Review. Energies 2021, 14, 3910 .

AMA Style

Muhammad Liaquat, Hafiz Munawar, Amna Rahman, Zakria Qadir, Abbas Kouzani, M. Mahmud. Localization of Sound Sources: A Systematic Review. Energies. 2021; 14 (13):3910.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Liaquat; Hafiz Munawar; Amna Rahman; Zakria Qadir; Abbas Kouzani; M. Mahmud. 2021. "Localization of Sound Sources: A Systematic Review." Energies 14, no. 13: 3910.

Journal article
Published: 21 June 2021 in IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
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Any fault related to grid is a matter of great concern for doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) based power system as DFIGs stator windings are connected to the grid directly. To augment the transient performance of the DFIGs, superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) is a certified device. To boost the performance of a flux-coupling-type SFCL (FC-SFCL) by ensuing the adaptive use of fault current limiting impedance based on fault severity, rather involving the full impedance unnecessarily, a nonlinear controller (NC) for FC-SFCL (NC-FC-SFCL) is presented in this paper. Reason behind choosing a straightforward NC for this work is to have simple implementation capability with the full flavor of a nonlinear controller. Effectiveness of the NC-FC-SFCL is compared with conventionally controlled FC-SFCL for various fault scenarios. Simulation results suggest that, NC-FC-SFCL can improve the overall fault ride through (FRT) capability which is verified both by graphically and numerically. Additionally, this effective use of the fault limiting impedance guarantees better transient sub-synchronous resonance (SSR) performance, and exhibits better total harmonic distortion responses.

ACS Style

Rashidul Islam; Jakir Hasan; Rabiul Islam; Abbas Z. Kouzani; M A Parvez Mahmud. Transient Performance Augmentation of DFIG Based Wind Farms by Nonlinear Control of Flux-Coupling-Type Superconducting Fault Current Limiter. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 2021, 31, 1 -5.

AMA Style

Rashidul Islam, Jakir Hasan, Rabiul Islam, Abbas Z. Kouzani, M A Parvez Mahmud. Transient Performance Augmentation of DFIG Based Wind Farms by Nonlinear Control of Flux-Coupling-Type Superconducting Fault Current Limiter. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity. 2021; 31 (8):1-5.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rashidul Islam; Jakir Hasan; Rabiul Islam; Abbas Z. Kouzani; M A Parvez Mahmud. 2021. "Transient Performance Augmentation of DFIG Based Wind Farms by Nonlinear Control of Flux-Coupling-Type Superconducting Fault Current Limiter." IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 31, no. 8: 1-5.

Review article
Published: 18 June 2021 in Carbohydrate Polymers
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Nanocellulose is of great interest in material science nowadays mainly because of its hydrophilic, renewable, biodegradable, and biocompatible nature, as well as its excellent mechanical strength and tailorable surface ready for modification. Currently, nanocellulose is attracting attention to overcome the current challenges of dynamic hydrogels: robustness, autonomous self-healing, and self-recovery (SELF) properties simultaneously occurring in one system. In this regard, this review aims to explore current advances in design and fabrication of dynamic nanocellulose hydrogels and elucidate how incorporating nanocellulose with dynamic motifs simultaneously improves both SELF and robustness of hydrogels. Finally, current challenges and prospects of dynamic nanocellulose hydrogels are discussed.

ACS Style

Pejman Heidarian; Akif Kaynak; Mariana Paulino; Ali Zolfagharian; Russell J. Varley; Abbas Z. Kouzani. Dynamic Nanocellulose Hydrogels: Recent Advancements and Future Outlook. Carbohydrate Polymers 2021, 270, 118357 .

AMA Style

Pejman Heidarian, Akif Kaynak, Mariana Paulino, Ali Zolfagharian, Russell J. Varley, Abbas Z. Kouzani. Dynamic Nanocellulose Hydrogels: Recent Advancements and Future Outlook. Carbohydrate Polymers. 2021; 270 ():118357.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pejman Heidarian; Akif Kaynak; Mariana Paulino; Ali Zolfagharian; Russell J. Varley; Abbas Z. Kouzani. 2021. "Dynamic Nanocellulose Hydrogels: Recent Advancements and Future Outlook." Carbohydrate Polymers 270, no. : 118357.

Journal article
Published: 14 June 2021 in IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
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Electrification of rural islands is still a major challenge for many countries due to the inadequate and inchoate distribution of fossil fuels in conventional grid system. Even if these problems are eliminated, the high electricity cost makes rural people ineligible for electricity services. In addition to tackling environmental pollution, microgrids could be the appropriate solution to reduce these economic barriers. Aiming to mitigate the impediment of rural electrification, this study proposes a hybrid microgrid consists of renewable energy sources, natural gas generator, battery storage, and electric vehicle charging station where a case study is performed with and without wind turbine as a renewable energy source. The MG is simulated for two coastal areas of Bangladesh where a sensitivity analysis has taken place by varying the load demand. MG without wind energy is more affordable than MG with wind energy. The wining case configuration estimates the cost of energy of 0.157$ and the CO2 emission of 6666.47 kg/yr. Which is a betimes step in ensuring pollution free power supply as well as electrification in powerless areas. The results lead to the conclusion that the pro-posed model can provide affordable alongside eco-friendly electrification.

ACS Style

Arif Ar Rafi; Sajid K. Jaman; Nazmul Hasan; Rabiul Islam; M. A. Parvez Mahmud; Abbas Z. Kouzani; Abdullah-Al Nahid. Renewable Energy-based Hybrid Microgrid for Economically Effective Coastal Electrification. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 2021, 31, 1 -5.

AMA Style

Arif Ar Rafi, Sajid K. Jaman, Nazmul Hasan, Rabiul Islam, M. A. Parvez Mahmud, Abbas Z. Kouzani, Abdullah-Al Nahid. Renewable Energy-based Hybrid Microgrid for Economically Effective Coastal Electrification. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity. 2021; 31 (8):1-5.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Arif Ar Rafi; Sajid K. Jaman; Nazmul Hasan; Rabiul Islam; M. A. Parvez Mahmud; Abbas Z. Kouzani; Abdullah-Al Nahid. 2021. "Renewable Energy-based Hybrid Microgrid for Economically Effective Coastal Electrification." IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 31, no. 8: 1-5.

Journal article
Published: 13 June 2021 in Bioprinting
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Organic powders are polymers with organic origin in a powdered form. They are biocompatible, biodegradable, and possess positive biological attributes, and can form constructs with high mechanical properties due to their powder form. However, there are various constraints that limit organic powders to be solely used with current 3D printers. Many organic powders cannot be fused by heat and light exposure and not easy to dissolve by the printing ink. Moreover, binding solutions for silk and other organic powders are mostly acidic in nature which cause damage to current 3D powder printers as they use neutral or slight low pH inks. This work aims to address this problem by developing a 3D printer that enables the printing of an organic powder, silk. This paper presents the design and implementation of the first prototype of a novel organic powder printer. The printer incorporates a novel compression mechanism that enables the compression of the powder during the printing process. It also includes a non-corrosive binder supply system consisting of silicone peroxide tubing, a custom-built peristaltic pump, and a nozzle built from a 33-gauge needle. The powder management system consists of a powder canister apparatus, depositing mechanism, and a powder bed designed to be compatible with low flowability powders, such as silk powder. The implementation of each component and the whole printer is presented. Evaluating the functionality of the organic powder printer found that several silk powder scaffolds were able to be printed with a varying magnitude of control over architecture. Future work is required to further advance the printable constructs up to a standard found in commercial 3D printers. This work demonstrated that a 3D printer system can be developed to fabricate constructs solely out of an organic powder. The paper highlights the limitations of the current design and suggests future improvements.

ACS Style

Daniel J. Whyte; Rangam Rajkhowa; Benjamin J. Allardyce; Xungai Wang; Abbas Z. Kouzani. Design and implementation of an organic powder printer. Bioprinting 2021, 23, e00154 .

AMA Style

Daniel J. Whyte, Rangam Rajkhowa, Benjamin J. Allardyce, Xungai Wang, Abbas Z. Kouzani. Design and implementation of an organic powder printer. Bioprinting. 2021; 23 ():e00154.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daniel J. Whyte; Rangam Rajkhowa; Benjamin J. Allardyce; Xungai Wang; Abbas Z. Kouzani. 2021. "Design and implementation of an organic powder printer." Bioprinting 23, no. : e00154.

Journal article
Published: 10 June 2021 in Energies
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Sound localization is a field of signal processing that deals with identifying the origin of a detected sound signal. This involves determining the direction and distance of the source of the sound. Some useful applications of this phenomenon exists in speech enhancement, communication, radars and in the medical field as well. The experimental arrangement requires the use of microphone arrays which record the sound signal. Some methods involve using ad-hoc arrays of microphones because of their demonstrated advantages over other arrays. In this research project, the existing sound localization methods have been explored to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of each method. A novel sound localization routine has been formulated which uses both the direction of arrival (DOA) of the sound signal along with the location estimation in three-dimensional space to precisely locate a sound source. The experimental arrangement consists of four microphones and a single sound source. Previously, sound source has been localized using six or more microphones. The precision of sound localization has been demonstrated to increase with the use of more microphones. In this research, however, we minimized the use of microphones to reduce the complexity of the algorithm and the computation time as well. The method results in novelty in the field of sound source localization by using less resources and providing results that are at par with the more complex methods requiring more microphones and additional tools to locate the sound source. The average accuracy of the system is found to be 96.77% with an error factor of 3.8%.

ACS Style

Muhammad Liaquat; Hafiz Munawar; Amna Rahman; Zakria Qadir; Abbas Kouzani; M. Mahmud. Sound Localization for Ad-Hoc Microphone Arrays. Energies 2021, 14, 3446 .

AMA Style

Muhammad Liaquat, Hafiz Munawar, Amna Rahman, Zakria Qadir, Abbas Kouzani, M. Mahmud. Sound Localization for Ad-Hoc Microphone Arrays. Energies. 2021; 14 (12):3446.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Liaquat; Hafiz Munawar; Amna Rahman; Zakria Qadir; Abbas Kouzani; M. Mahmud. 2021. "Sound Localization for Ad-Hoc Microphone Arrays." Energies 14, no. 12: 3446.

Journal article
Published: 07 June 2021 in Scientific Reports
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The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the rapid adoption and rollout of thermal camera-based Infrared Thermography (IRT) systems for fever detection. These systems use facial infrared emissions to detect individuals exhibiting an elevated core-body temperature, which is present in many symptomatic presentations of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Despite the rollout of these systems, there is little independent research supporting their efficacy. The primary objective of this study was to assess the precision and accuracy of IRT screening solutions in a real-world scenario. The method used was a single-centre, observational study investigating the agreement of three IRT systems compared to digital oral thermometer measurements of body temperature. Over 5 days, 107 measurements were taken from individuals wearing facial masks. During each entry, two measurements of the subject’s body temperature were made from each system to allow for the evaluation of the measurement precision, followed by an oral thermometer measurement. Each participant also answered a short demographic survey. This study found that the precision of the IRT systems was wider than 0.3 °C claimed accuracy of two of the systems. This study also found that the IRT measurements were only weakly correlated to those of the oral temperature. Additionally, it was found that demographic characteristics (age, gender, and mask-type) impacted the measurement error. This study indicates that using IRT systems in front-line scenarios poses a potential risk, where a lack of measurement accuracy could possibly allow febrile individuals to pass through undetected. Further research is required into methods which could increase accuracy and improve the techniques viability.

ACS Style

Scott Adams; Tracey Bucknall; Abbas Kouzani. An initial study on the agreement of body temperatures measured by infrared cameras and oral thermometry. Scientific Reports 2021, 11, 1 -10.

AMA Style

Scott Adams, Tracey Bucknall, Abbas Kouzani. An initial study on the agreement of body temperatures measured by infrared cameras and oral thermometry. Scientific Reports. 2021; 11 (1):1-10.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Scott Adams; Tracey Bucknall; Abbas Kouzani. 2021. "An initial study on the agreement of body temperatures measured by infrared cameras and oral thermometry." Scientific Reports 11, no. 1: 1-10.

Review
Published: 28 May 2021 in IEEE Access
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Essential tremor is the most common pathological tremor, with a prevalence of 6.3% in people over 65 years of age. This disorder interferes with a patient’s ability to carry out activities of daily living independently, and treatment with medical and surgical interventions is often insufficient or contraindicated. Mechanical orthoses have not been widely adopted by patients due to discomfort and lack of discretion. Over the past 30 years, peripheral electrical stimulation has been investigated as a possible treatment for patients who have not found other treatment options to be satisfactory, with wearable devices revolutionizing this emerging approach in recent years. In this paper, an overview of essential tremor and its current medical and surgical treatment options are presented. Following this, tremor detection, measurement and characterization methods are explored with a focus on the measurement options that can be incorporated into wearable devices. Then, novel interventions for essential tremor are described, with a detailed review of open and closed-loop peripheral electrical stimulation methods. Finally, discussion of the need for wearable closed-loop peripheral electrical stimulation devices for essential tremor, approaches in their implementation, and gaps in the literature for further research are presented.

ACS Style

Alexandra Karamesinis; Roy V. Sillitoe; Abbas Z. Kouzani. Wearable Peripheral Electrical Stimulation Devices for the Reduction of Essential Tremor: A Review. IEEE Access 2021, 9, 80066 -80076.

AMA Style

Alexandra Karamesinis, Roy V. Sillitoe, Abbas Z. Kouzani. Wearable Peripheral Electrical Stimulation Devices for the Reduction of Essential Tremor: A Review. IEEE Access. 2021; 9 ():80066-80076.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alexandra Karamesinis; Roy V. Sillitoe; Abbas Z. Kouzani. 2021. "Wearable Peripheral Electrical Stimulation Devices for the Reduction of Essential Tremor: A Review." IEEE Access 9, no. : 80066-80076.