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Hirohiko Hirano
Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan

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Oral frailty

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Short Biography

Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health 35-2 Sakae,-cho, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan

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Journal article
Published: 21 June 2021 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Oral hypofunction, resulting from a combined decrease in multiple oral functions, may affect systemic-condition deterioration; however, few studies have examined the association between oral hypofunction and general health among older adults. In this cross-sectional study, we examined the relationship between oral hypofunction and sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults. We included 878 adults (268 men and 610 women, mean age 76.5 ± 8.3 years). Tongue coating index, oral moisture, occlusal force, oral diadochokinesis (/pa/,/ta/,/ka/), tongue pressure, mas-ticatory function, and swallowing function were evaluated as indicators of oral hypofunction. Grip strength, gait speed, and skeletal muscle mass index were measured as diagnostic sarcopenia parameters. The association between oral hypofunction and sarcopenia was examined via logistic regression using sarcopenia as the dependent variable. Oral hypofunction prevalence was 50.5% overall, 40.3% in men, and 54.9% in women. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 18.6% overall, 9.7% in men, and 22.5% in women. A logistic regression showed oral hypofunction, age, body mass index, higher-level functional capacity, and serum albumin level were significantly associated with sarcopenia. Sarcopenia occurred at an increased frequency in patients diagnosed with oral hypofunction (odds ratio: 1.59, 95% confidence interval: 1.02–2.47); accordingly, oral hypofunction appears to be significantly associated with sarcopenia.

ACS Style

Yoshihiro Kugimiya; Masanori Iwasaki; Yuki Ohara; Keiko Motokawa; Ayako Edahiro; Maki Shirobe; Yutaka Watanabe; Shuichi Obuchi; Hisashi Kawai; Yoshinori Fujiwara; Kazushige Ihara; Hunkyung Kim; Takayuki Ueda; Hirohiko Hirano. Relationship between Oral Hypofunction and Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: The Otassha Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 6666 .

AMA Style

Yoshihiro Kugimiya, Masanori Iwasaki, Yuki Ohara, Keiko Motokawa, Ayako Edahiro, Maki Shirobe, Yutaka Watanabe, Shuichi Obuchi, Hisashi Kawai, Yoshinori Fujiwara, Kazushige Ihara, Hunkyung Kim, Takayuki Ueda, Hirohiko Hirano. Relationship between Oral Hypofunction and Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: The Otassha Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (12):6666.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yoshihiro Kugimiya; Masanori Iwasaki; Yuki Ohara; Keiko Motokawa; Ayako Edahiro; Maki Shirobe; Yutaka Watanabe; Shuichi Obuchi; Hisashi Kawai; Yoshinori Fujiwara; Kazushige Ihara; Hunkyung Kim; Takayuki Ueda; Hirohiko Hirano. 2021. "Relationship between Oral Hypofunction and Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: The Otassha Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 12: 6666.

Journal article
Published: 18 March 2021 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Oral health care by dental hygienists contributes to the maintenance of nutritional and general health for older people in nursing facilities. This study aimed to investigate daily tasks and willingness to work among dental hygienists working in nursing facilities in Japan. In 2019, using a self-administered questionnaire, a postal cross-sectional survey was conducted among members of the Japanese Dental Hygienists’ Association. Questionnaires were distributed to all 16,722 Association members (responses, n = 8932; return rate, 53.4%). We analysed data from 368 dental hygienists currently working in nursing facilities. Item response theory and correspondence analyses were performed. In total, >90% of dental hygienists undertook oral examinations and provided oral hygiene instructions to residents and facility staff. In contrast, the implementation rate of tasks related to interprofessional collaboration was relatively low (approximately 50%), and 72.6% of dental hygienists indicated that they wanted to continue working in nursing facilities. Their willingness to work was closely associated with work involving interprofessional collaboration. Our study findings showed that dental hygienists’ work content in nursing facilities was diverse, but that there was variation in implemented tasks. Willingness to continue working in nursing facilities was associated with interprofessional collaboration among dental hygienists.

ACS Style

Yuki Ohara; Yoshiaki Nomura; Yuko Yamamoto; Ayako Okada; Noriyasu Hosoya; Nobuhiro Hanada; Hirohiko Hirano; Noriko Takei. Daily Tasks and Willingness to Work of Dental Hygienists in Nursing Facilities Using Japanese Dental Hygienists’ Survey 2019. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 3152 .

AMA Style

Yuki Ohara, Yoshiaki Nomura, Yuko Yamamoto, Ayako Okada, Noriyasu Hosoya, Nobuhiro Hanada, Hirohiko Hirano, Noriko Takei. Daily Tasks and Willingness to Work of Dental Hygienists in Nursing Facilities Using Japanese Dental Hygienists’ Survey 2019. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (6):3152.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yuki Ohara; Yoshiaki Nomura; Yuko Yamamoto; Ayako Okada; Noriyasu Hosoya; Nobuhiro Hanada; Hirohiko Hirano; Noriko Takei. 2021. "Daily Tasks and Willingness to Work of Dental Hygienists in Nursing Facilities Using Japanese Dental Hygienists’ Survey 2019." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 6: 3152.

Journal article
Published: 16 February 2021 in Nutrients
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The association between dietary diversity and frailty remains unknown in older people. We evaluated whether a limited dietary variety is associated with frailty in older adults with diabetes mellitus (DM). This cross-sectional investigation included 1357 adults (median age: 77 years, women: 61.3%). DM was determined by self-reporting, the Dietary Variety Score (DVS) was used to evaluate dietary variety, and the revised Japanese version of the Cardiovascular Health Study criteria evaluated frailty. Participants were divided into 4 groups: no DM/high DVS (non-DMHV), no DM/low DVS (non-DMLV), DM/high DVS (DMHV), and DM/low DVS (DMLV). The prevalence of frailty in each group was 3.6%, 6.7%, 6.7%, and 12.2%. After adjusting for covariates, logistic regression analysis revealed the highest odds ratio (OR) of frailty in the DMLV (non-DMLV, OR = 2.18 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.25–‍3.83); DMHV, OR = 1.87 (95% CI: 0.63–5.52); DML, OR = 5.03 (95% CI: 2.05–12.35)). Another logistic regression analysis revealed that a low DVS and DM were independently associated with frailty. Both a low dietary variety and DM were independently related to frailty in older people and the combination increased the prevalence of frailty. These findings suggest that high dietary variety could be important for the prevention of frailty in people with DM.

ACS Style

Misato Hayakawa; Keiko Motokawa; Yurie Mikami; Kaori Yamamoto; Maki Shirobe; Ayako Edahiro; Masanori Iwasaki; Yuki Ohara; Yutaka Watanabe; Hisashi Kawai; Motonaga Kojima; Shuichi Obuchi; Yoshinori Fujiwara; Hunkyung Kim; Kazushige Ihara; Hiroki Inagaki; Shoji Shinkai; Shuichi Awata; Atsushi Araki; Hirohiko Hirano. Low Dietary Variety and Diabetes Mellitus are Associated with Frailty Among Community-Dwelling Older Japanese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2021, 13, 641 .

AMA Style

Misato Hayakawa, Keiko Motokawa, Yurie Mikami, Kaori Yamamoto, Maki Shirobe, Ayako Edahiro, Masanori Iwasaki, Yuki Ohara, Yutaka Watanabe, Hisashi Kawai, Motonaga Kojima, Shuichi Obuchi, Yoshinori Fujiwara, Hunkyung Kim, Kazushige Ihara, Hiroki Inagaki, Shoji Shinkai, Shuichi Awata, Atsushi Araki, Hirohiko Hirano. Low Dietary Variety and Diabetes Mellitus are Associated with Frailty Among Community-Dwelling Older Japanese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients. 2021; 13 (2):641.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Misato Hayakawa; Keiko Motokawa; Yurie Mikami; Kaori Yamamoto; Maki Shirobe; Ayako Edahiro; Masanori Iwasaki; Yuki Ohara; Yutaka Watanabe; Hisashi Kawai; Motonaga Kojima; Shuichi Obuchi; Yoshinori Fujiwara; Hunkyung Kim; Kazushige Ihara; Hiroki Inagaki; Shoji Shinkai; Shuichi Awata; Atsushi Araki; Hirohiko Hirano. 2021. "Low Dietary Variety and Diabetes Mellitus are Associated with Frailty Among Community-Dwelling Older Japanese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study." Nutrients 13, no. 2: 641.

Journal article
Published: 10 February 2021 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Oral ingestion influences the life sustenance, quality of life, and dignity of older adults. Thus, it is an important issue in medical care and the welfare of older adults. The purpose of this four-year prospective cohort study was to investigate the relationship between mortality and oral function among older adults who required long-term care and were living in different settings in a rural area of Japan. This study included 289 participants aged 65 and older who required long-term care and lived in the former Omorimachi area in Yokote City, Akita Prefecture, located in northern Japan. Following the baseline survey, mortality data were collected over four years; 102 participants (35.3%) died during that time. A significant difference was noted in the overall survival rates between the groups with good and deterioration of oral function such as oral dryness, rinsing ability, swallowing function, and articulation, based on Log-rank test results. After adjusting for various potential confounders using Cox proportional-hazards regression, oral dryness (HR: 1.83, 95% confidence interval: 1.12−3.00) was significantly associated with mortality within four years. This study revealed that oral dryness influences the life prognosis of older adults who receive long-term care in different settings.

ACS Style

Shiho Morishita; Yuki Ohara; Masanori Iwasaki; Ayako Edahiro; Keiko Motokawa; Maki Shirobe; Junichi Furuya; Yutaka Watanabe; Takeo Suga; Yayoi Kanehisa; Akitugu Ohuchi; Hirohiko Hirano. Relationship between Mortality and Oral Function of Older People Requiring Long-Term Care in Rural Areas of Japan: A Four-Year Prospective Cohort Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 1723 .

AMA Style

Shiho Morishita, Yuki Ohara, Masanori Iwasaki, Ayako Edahiro, Keiko Motokawa, Maki Shirobe, Junichi Furuya, Yutaka Watanabe, Takeo Suga, Yayoi Kanehisa, Akitugu Ohuchi, Hirohiko Hirano. Relationship between Mortality and Oral Function of Older People Requiring Long-Term Care in Rural Areas of Japan: A Four-Year Prospective Cohort Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (4):1723.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shiho Morishita; Yuki Ohara; Masanori Iwasaki; Ayako Edahiro; Keiko Motokawa; Maki Shirobe; Junichi Furuya; Yutaka Watanabe; Takeo Suga; Yayoi Kanehisa; Akitugu Ohuchi; Hirohiko Hirano. 2021. "Relationship between Mortality and Oral Function of Older People Requiring Long-Term Care in Rural Areas of Japan: A Four-Year Prospective Cohort Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 4: 1723.

Journal article
Published: 29 January 2021 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Objectives: This study aimed to determine the relationship between objective chewing ability and the nutritional status of Japanese community-dwelling elders. Design: A cross-sectional study. Participants: A total of 509 community-dwelling elders living in the Tokyo metropolitan area participated in a comprehensive survey conducted in October 2013. Measurements: The basic characteristics were sex, age, and body mass index. Undernutrition was examined through serum albumin levels. Chewing ability was examined through color-changeable xylitol gum by evaluating the color changes in chewing gum. Nutritional intake was examined using the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Results: In the poor chewing ability group, all nutrient intake levels were significantly low, except for carbohydrates, and intake levels for all food groups were significantly low, except for cereals, confectionery, sugars, seasonings, and spices. Additionally, after adjusting for covariates for sex, age, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology-Index of Competence (TMIG-IC) score, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score, body mass index (BMI), stroke, number of functional teeth, energy intake, and protein intake, chewing ability was found to be significantly associated with undernutrition. Conclusion: We concluded that chewing ability was closely associated with nutrient and different food groups’ intake, as well as undernutrition, among Japanese community-dwelling elders. Thus, to ensure comprehensive nutritional management, nutritionists and dentists should collaborate when treating the same patients.

ACS Style

Keiko Motokawa; Yurie Mikami; Maki Shirobe; Ayako Edahiro; Yuki Ohara; Masanori Iwasaki; Yutaka Watanabe; Hisashi Kawai; Takeshi Kera; Shuichi Obuchi; Yoshinori Fujiwara; Kazushige Ihara; Hirohiko Hirano. Relationship between Chewing Ability and Nutritional Status in Japanese Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 1216 .

AMA Style

Keiko Motokawa, Yurie Mikami, Maki Shirobe, Ayako Edahiro, Yuki Ohara, Masanori Iwasaki, Yutaka Watanabe, Hisashi Kawai, Takeshi Kera, Shuichi Obuchi, Yoshinori Fujiwara, Kazushige Ihara, Hirohiko Hirano. Relationship between Chewing Ability and Nutritional Status in Japanese Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (3):1216.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Keiko Motokawa; Yurie Mikami; Maki Shirobe; Ayako Edahiro; Yuki Ohara; Masanori Iwasaki; Yutaka Watanabe; Hisashi Kawai; Takeshi Kera; Shuichi Obuchi; Yoshinori Fujiwara; Kazushige Ihara; Hirohiko Hirano. 2021. "Relationship between Chewing Ability and Nutritional Status in Japanese Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 3: 1216.

Journal article
Published: 17 January 2021 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Job attractiveness and job satisfaction are important factors in the continuity of employment among healthcare professionals. The aim of this study was to assess job satisfaction and job attractiveness among dental hygienists in Japan. The Japan Dental Hygienists Association conducted a survey of the employment status of Japanese dental hygienists in 2019. Questionnaires were distributed to all 16,722 members, and 8932 were returned (Collection rate: 53.4%). Data from 7869 currently working dental hygienists were analysed in this study. We analysed seven items of job attractiveness, 14 items of job satisfaction, and 13 items of request for improving the working environment. Item response theory and structural equation modelling (SEM) were utilized for the analysis. For attractiveness of dental hygienists’ work, respondents placed greater emphasis on the fact that dental hygienists needed national qualifications rather than on income stability. SEM showed that job satisfaction consisted of two factors, ‘Value for work’ and ‘Working environment’, as did job attractiveness, with ‘Contribution’ and ‘Assured income’. Value for work affects the contribution to people, and, employment environment affects assured income. Improving job satisfaction and work environments could help to improve the employment rate of dental hygienists, which could positively influence patient care.

ACS Style

Yuki Ohara; Yoshiaki Nomura; Yuko Yamamoto; Ayako Okada; Noriyasu Hosoya; Nobuhiro Hanada; Hirohiko Hirano; Noriko Takei. Job Attractiveness and Job Satisfaction of Dental Hygienists: From Japanese Dental Hygienists’ Survey 2019. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 755 .

AMA Style

Yuki Ohara, Yoshiaki Nomura, Yuko Yamamoto, Ayako Okada, Noriyasu Hosoya, Nobuhiro Hanada, Hirohiko Hirano, Noriko Takei. Job Attractiveness and Job Satisfaction of Dental Hygienists: From Japanese Dental Hygienists’ Survey 2019. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (2):755.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yuki Ohara; Yoshiaki Nomura; Yuko Yamamoto; Ayako Okada; Noriyasu Hosoya; Nobuhiro Hanada; Hirohiko Hirano; Noriko Takei. 2021. "Job Attractiveness and Job Satisfaction of Dental Hygienists: From Japanese Dental Hygienists’ Survey 2019." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 2: 755.

Journal article
Published: 30 December 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Background: Limited longitudinal studies exist to evaluate whether poor oral health and functions affect the incidence of deteriorating nutritional status. We investigated if there were longitudinal associations between oral frailty, defined as accumulated deficits in oral health, and deteriorating nutritional status among community-dwelling older adults. Methods: The study population consisted of 191 men and 275 women (mean age, 76.4 years) from the Takashimadaira Study. Multifaced oral health assessment was performed at baseline, and oral frailty was defined as having ≥3 of the following six components: fewer teeth, low masticatory performance, low articulatory oral motor skill, low tongue pressure, and difficulties in chewing and swallowing. Nutritional status assessment was performed at baseline and two-year follow-up using the Mini Nutritional Assessment®-Short Form (MNA®-SF). Deteriorating nutritional status was defined as a decline in the nutritional status categories based on the MNA®-SF score during the study period. The association between oral frailty and deteriorating nutritional status was assessed using logistic regression analyses. Results: Oral frailty was observed in 67 (14.4%) participants at baseline. During the study, 58 (12.4%) participants exhibited deteriorating nutritional status. After adjusting for potential confounders, oral frailty was significantly associated with deteriorating nutritional status (adjusted odds ratio, 2.24; 95% confidence interval, 1.08–4.63). Conclusion: Community-dwelling older adults with oral frailty had an increased risk of deteriorating nutritional status.

ACS Style

Masanori Iwasaki; Keiko Motokawa; Yutaka Watanabe; Maki Shirobe; Hiroki Inagaki; Ayako Edahiro; Yuki Ohara; Hirohiko Hirano; Shoji Shinkai; Shuichi Awata. A Two-Year Longitudinal Study of the Association between Oral Frailty and Deteriorating Nutritional Status among Community-Dwelling Older Adults. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 18, 213 .

AMA Style

Masanori Iwasaki, Keiko Motokawa, Yutaka Watanabe, Maki Shirobe, Hiroki Inagaki, Ayako Edahiro, Yuki Ohara, Hirohiko Hirano, Shoji Shinkai, Shuichi Awata. A Two-Year Longitudinal Study of the Association between Oral Frailty and Deteriorating Nutritional Status among Community-Dwelling Older Adults. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 18 (1):213.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Masanori Iwasaki; Keiko Motokawa; Yutaka Watanabe; Maki Shirobe; Hiroki Inagaki; Ayako Edahiro; Yuki Ohara; Hirohiko Hirano; Shoji Shinkai; Shuichi Awata. 2020. "A Two-Year Longitudinal Study of the Association between Oral Frailty and Deteriorating Nutritional Status among Community-Dwelling Older Adults." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 1: 213.

Journal article
Published: 28 September 2020 in Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics
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The incidence of dementia is rapidly increasing worldwide, especially in developed countries. Little is known regarding the effectiveness of dental intervention to prevent dementia or a decline in cognitive functions among community-dwelling elderly subjects, but a few studies have reported a correlation between the lack of regular dental checkups and dementia. For that reason, this study aimed to investigate the effects of oral health intervention on cognitive functions in community-dwelling subjects with a mild cognitive decline via a randomized controlled trial. Fifty-five community-dwelling elderly subjects with a Mini-Mental State Examination score of ≥21 to ≤26 who had not visited a dental clinic in the previous year were randomized to an intervention group (n = 28) or a control group (n = 29). The intervention group received monthly oral health intervention by dental hygienists for 8 months while the control group did not. Data on demographics, cognitive function and oral parameters were collected before and after the intervention. Twenty-five subjects in the intervention group (mean age 77.0 years) and 25 in the control group (mean age 72.8 years) completed the study. Significant improvements were observed in the Trail Making Test (TMT)-A, TMT-B, bleeding on probing rate, oral diadochokinesis, tongue pressure and chewing ability in the intervention group (P < 0.05). There were also significant interactions between the TMT-A and TMT-B scores, oral diadochokinesis, tongue pressure and chewing ability (P < 0.05). Oral health intervention by dental hygienists may be effective for improving the oral health and executive function of cognitive function assessed via TMT.

ACS Style

Chiaki Matsubara; Maki Shirobe; Junichi Furuya; Yutaka Watanabe; Keiko Motokawa; Ayako Edahiro; Yuki Ohara; Shuichi Awata; Hunkyung Kim; Yoshinori Fujiwara; Shuichi Obuchi; Hirohiko Hirano; Shunsuke Minakuchi. Effect of oral health intervention on cognitive decline in community-dwelling older adults: A randomized controlled trial. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 2020, 92, 104267 .

AMA Style

Chiaki Matsubara, Maki Shirobe, Junichi Furuya, Yutaka Watanabe, Keiko Motokawa, Ayako Edahiro, Yuki Ohara, Shuichi Awata, Hunkyung Kim, Yoshinori Fujiwara, Shuichi Obuchi, Hirohiko Hirano, Shunsuke Minakuchi. Effect of oral health intervention on cognitive decline in community-dwelling older adults: A randomized controlled trial. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics. 2020; 92 ():104267.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chiaki Matsubara; Maki Shirobe; Junichi Furuya; Yutaka Watanabe; Keiko Motokawa; Ayako Edahiro; Yuki Ohara; Shuichi Awata; Hunkyung Kim; Yoshinori Fujiwara; Shuichi Obuchi; Hirohiko Hirano; Shunsuke Minakuchi. 2020. "Effect of oral health intervention on cognitive decline in community-dwelling older adults: A randomized controlled trial." Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 92, no. : 104267.

Journal article
Published: 02 September 2020 in Nutrients
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Unintentional weight loss is a major frailty component; thus, assessing energy imbalance is essential for institutionalized elderly residents. This study examined prediction errors of the observed energy intake (OEI) against the actual energy intake obtained from the doubly labeled water (DLW) method and clarified the relationship between the energy gap obtained by subtracting total energy expenditure (TEE) from OEI and subsequent weight changes in elderly residents in long-term care facilities. Overall, 46 participants were recruited in Japan. TEE was measured using the DLW method, and OEI was calculated from recipes and plate waste simultaneously over a 14–15-day period at baseline. The total energy intake (TEIDLW) was determined on the basis of DLW and weight changes during the DLW period. The weight was longitudinally tracked monthly for 12 months in the 28 residents who still lived at the facilities. OEI was higher than TEIDLW by a mean of 232 kcal/day (15.3%) among 46 residents at baseline. The longitudinal data of 28 residents showed that the energy gap tended to be correlated with the slope of weight change (ρ = 0.337, p = 0.080) and the median value was significantly lower in the weight loss group (152 kcal/day) than in the weight gain group (350 kcal/day) (p < 0.05). In conclusion, weight loss could occur at Japanese long-term care facilities even if the difference obtained by subtracting TEE from OEI was positive because OEI was overestimated by more than 200 kcal/day.

ACS Style

Yuki Nishida; Shigeho Tanaka; Satoshi Nakae; Yosuke Yamada; Hiroyuki Shirato; Hirohiko Hirano; Satoshi Sasaki; Fuminori Katsukawa. Energy Gap between Doubly Labeled Water-Based Energy Expenditure and Calculated Energy Intake from Recipes and Plate Waste, and Subsequent Weight Changes in Elderly Residents in Japanese Long-Term Care Facilities: CLEVER Study. Nutrients 2020, 12, 2677 .

AMA Style

Yuki Nishida, Shigeho Tanaka, Satoshi Nakae, Yosuke Yamada, Hiroyuki Shirato, Hirohiko Hirano, Satoshi Sasaki, Fuminori Katsukawa. Energy Gap between Doubly Labeled Water-Based Energy Expenditure and Calculated Energy Intake from Recipes and Plate Waste, and Subsequent Weight Changes in Elderly Residents in Japanese Long-Term Care Facilities: CLEVER Study. Nutrients. 2020; 12 (9):2677.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yuki Nishida; Shigeho Tanaka; Satoshi Nakae; Yosuke Yamada; Hiroyuki Shirato; Hirohiko Hirano; Satoshi Sasaki; Fuminori Katsukawa. 2020. "Energy Gap between Doubly Labeled Water-Based Energy Expenditure and Calculated Energy Intake from Recipes and Plate Waste, and Subsequent Weight Changes in Elderly Residents in Japanese Long-Term Care Facilities: CLEVER Study." Nutrients 12, no. 9: 2677.

Journal article
Published: 06 August 2020 in Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics
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Ground reaction force (GRF) during sit-to-stand motion is associated with lower extremity strength and balance function. The relationship between GRF and experience of falls has been reported; however, there are no reports on whether GRF can predict the incidence of future falls. We aimed to evaluate the ability of GRF to predict falls and compare GRF with existing predictors. This prospective observational cohort study enrolled 456 community-dwelling older adults living in Itabashi ward who participated in health check-ups in 2016 and 2017. Participants’ physical and cognitive functions were assessed, and the maximum GRF (F), F/weight (F/W), rate of force development (RFD), RFD/W (RFD/weight), and time taken to stand up were evaluated. The following year, participants were asked to report the number of falls during the year. Cox proportional hazards regression was conducted to analyze the relationship between the lowest quintile of each GRF parameter as a predictive factor for falling and assess the annual incidence of falls. Twenty-three participants reported having two or more falls in the previous year. Of all GRF parameters evaluated, only F/W was lower in the fallers than in the non-fallers. After adjusting for sex, age, lifestyle, and comorbidities, F/W was associated with falls in 1 year, and the lowest F/W group had higher risks of falls than the highest F/W group (hazard ratio 2.72, 95 % confidence interval 1.11–6.68). Other measures were not associated with falls. GRF during the sit-to-stand motion might predict the incidence of future falls.

ACS Style

Takeshi Kera; Hisashi Kawai; Junta Takahashi; Hirohiko Hirano; Yutaka Watanabe; Yoshinori Fujiwara; Kazushige Ihara; Hunkyung Kim; Shuichi Obuchi. Association between ground reaction force in sit-to-stand motion and falls in community-dwelling older Japanese individuals. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 2020, 91, 104221 .

AMA Style

Takeshi Kera, Hisashi Kawai, Junta Takahashi, Hirohiko Hirano, Yutaka Watanabe, Yoshinori Fujiwara, Kazushige Ihara, Hunkyung Kim, Shuichi Obuchi. Association between ground reaction force in sit-to-stand motion and falls in community-dwelling older Japanese individuals. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics. 2020; 91 ():104221.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Takeshi Kera; Hisashi Kawai; Junta Takahashi; Hirohiko Hirano; Yutaka Watanabe; Yoshinori Fujiwara; Kazushige Ihara; Hunkyung Kim; Shuichi Obuchi. 2020. "Association between ground reaction force in sit-to-stand motion and falls in community-dwelling older Japanese individuals." Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 91, no. : 104221.

Original article
Published: 13 July 2020 in Gerodontology
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Objective To develop a simple method to estimate masseter muscle mass. Background The masseter muscle is important for optimal oral function. A decrease in the masseter muscle mass may affect the oral and physical function of the whole body; therefore, it is an important entity to measure. However, to date, no easy measurement method has been developed for the same. Herein, we devised a simple method to estimate masseter muscle mass. In addition, we compared our method with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and skeletal muscle mass (SMM) to verify its validity. Materials and methods We recorded the age, sex, masseter muscle mass (by MRI), number of retained natural teeth, number of functional teeth, length and thickness of masseter muscle, and skeletal muscle mass in 53 community‐dwelling elderly people (21 men and 32 women, average age 72.9 ± 4.5 years). The estimated masseter muscle mass was calculated by multiplying the length, width and thickness of the muscle. Results The correlation coefficient between masseter muscle mass and estimated masseter muscle mass was r = .903; thus, a strong correlation was recognised. The correlation coefficient between the estimated masseter muscle mass and SMM was r = .279, considering age and sex. Conclusion We obtained substantial results using our method for estimating the masseter muscle mass and verified its validity by comparing it with masseter muscle mass measured by MRI and SMM. We believe that our proposed technique is simple and useful for estimating masseter muscle mass.

ACS Style

Masaharu Murakami; Katsuya Iijima; Yutaka Watanabe; Tomoki Tanaka; Yasuyuki Iwasa; Ayako Edahiro; Yuki Ohara; Keiko Motokawa; Maki Shirobe; Hirohiko Hirano. Development of a simple method to measure masseter muscle mass. Gerodontology 2020, 37, 383 -388.

AMA Style

Masaharu Murakami, Katsuya Iijima, Yutaka Watanabe, Tomoki Tanaka, Yasuyuki Iwasa, Ayako Edahiro, Yuki Ohara, Keiko Motokawa, Maki Shirobe, Hirohiko Hirano. Development of a simple method to measure masseter muscle mass. Gerodontology. 2020; 37 (4):383-388.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Masaharu Murakami; Katsuya Iijima; Yutaka Watanabe; Tomoki Tanaka; Yasuyuki Iwasa; Ayako Edahiro; Yuki Ohara; Keiko Motokawa; Maki Shirobe; Hirohiko Hirano. 2020. "Development of a simple method to measure masseter muscle mass." Gerodontology 37, no. 4: 383-388.

Journal article
Published: 15 April 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Although there is evidence on the predictors of adverse health outcomes in older individuals, walking speed has typically been measured in laboratory settings (LWS); LWS may be distinct from individuals’ actual walking speed in their daily lives (DWS). We examined whether DWS differs from LWS among older adults, and its association with physical frailty. Participants were 90 community-dwelling older adults. A five-meter normal (LWSnor) and maximum (LWSmax) walking speed was measured with a stopwatch. DWS was measured using a global positioning system-related smartphone application for one month during their daily lives. DWSavr, DWSmax, and DWSsd were defined as the average, maximum, and standard deviation of walking speed for one month. Participants’ mean DWSavr and DWSmax were 1.28 m/s and 2.14 m/s, respectively, significantly slower than the mean LWSnor (1.42 m/s) and LWSmax (2.24 m/s); the intraclass correlation coefficient between DWS and LWS were 0.188 to 0.341. DWS was significantly correlated with grip strength, one-legged stance, and LWS. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of DWSsd concerning pre-frailty was largest among DWSs, at 0.615, while that of LWSnor was 0.643. The findings suggest that DWS differs from LWS and is associated with physical function and pre-frailty.

ACS Style

Hisashi Kawai; Shuichi Obuchi; Yutaka Watanabe; Hirohiko Hirano; Yoshinori Fujiwara; Kazushige Ihara; Hunkyung Kim; Yoshiyuki Kobayashi; Masaaki Mochimaru; Eiki Tsushima; Kozo Nakamura. Association between Daily Living Walking Speed and Walking Speed in Laboratory Settings in Healthy Older Adults. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 2707 .

AMA Style

Hisashi Kawai, Shuichi Obuchi, Yutaka Watanabe, Hirohiko Hirano, Yoshinori Fujiwara, Kazushige Ihara, Hunkyung Kim, Yoshiyuki Kobayashi, Masaaki Mochimaru, Eiki Tsushima, Kozo Nakamura. Association between Daily Living Walking Speed and Walking Speed in Laboratory Settings in Healthy Older Adults. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (8):2707.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hisashi Kawai; Shuichi Obuchi; Yutaka Watanabe; Hirohiko Hirano; Yoshinori Fujiwara; Kazushige Ihara; Hunkyung Kim; Yoshiyuki Kobayashi; Masaaki Mochimaru; Eiki Tsushima; Kozo Nakamura. 2020. "Association between Daily Living Walking Speed and Walking Speed in Laboratory Settings in Healthy Older Adults." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 8: 2707.

Journal article
Published: 31 March 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Recent research has suggested that the breadth and evenness of activity and activity diversity contribute to health outcomes among older adults. However, few established assessment tools for activity diversity have been developed. This study developed an Activity Diversity Questionnaire (ADQ) for older adults through expert consultation and a preliminary survey among 18 community-dwelling older adults. The diversity score was calculated according to Shannon’s entropy. In study 1, the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) of the diversity scores were determined for community-dwelling older adults (n = 30). In study 2, concurrent validity was tested with participants receiving comprehensive health checkups at the Itabashi ward in Japan in 2018 (n = 766). The correlation coefficients of the diversity scores were then calculated in reference to the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence and Japan Science and Technology Agency Index of Competence. The final version of the ADQ consisted of 20 total items with excellent test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.84) and moderate correlations with both the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence and Japan Science and Technology Agency Index of Competence (r = 0.48 and 0.60, respectively). The ADQ was developed through scientific procedures and revealed sufficient reliability and validity. As such, it is a scientifically validated tool for assessing activity diversity among older adults.

ACS Style

Junta Takahashi; Hisashi Kawai; Hiroyuki Suzuki; Yoshinori Fujiwara; Yutaka Watanabe; Hirohiko Hirano; Hunkyung Kim; Kazushige Ihara; Kaori Ishii; Koichiro Oka; Shuichi Obuchi. Reliability and Validity of the Activity Diversity Questionnaire for Older Adults in Japan. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 2384 .

AMA Style

Junta Takahashi, Hisashi Kawai, Hiroyuki Suzuki, Yoshinori Fujiwara, Yutaka Watanabe, Hirohiko Hirano, Hunkyung Kim, Kazushige Ihara, Kaori Ishii, Koichiro Oka, Shuichi Obuchi. Reliability and Validity of the Activity Diversity Questionnaire for Older Adults in Japan. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (7):2384.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Junta Takahashi; Hisashi Kawai; Hiroyuki Suzuki; Yoshinori Fujiwara; Yutaka Watanabe; Hirohiko Hirano; Hunkyung Kim; Kazushige Ihara; Kaori Ishii; Koichiro Oka; Shuichi Obuchi. 2020. "Reliability and Validity of the Activity Diversity Questionnaire for Older Adults in Japan." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 7: 2384.

Journal article
Published: 24 September 2019 in Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics
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The SARC-F is a recommended screening tool for sarcopenia; however, its sensitivity is reported to be very low. This study aimed to confirm the diagnostic efficacy of the SARC-F and whether it is affected by population characteristics. In this study, 2 cohorts of 1060 community-dwelling older adults, who were monitored by the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, were included. In addition to the overall dataset, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to obtain the SARC-F results for sarcopenia among the datasets for only those older in age (over 75 years), those with higher frailty points (above the median total score for the Kihon Checklist points), those with lower grip strength (below the median), lower gait speed (below the median), and those with comorbidities (hypertension, cerebral vascular disease, heart disease, and diabetes mellitus). In the overall dataset, sensitivity and specificity were 3.9% and 97.3%, respectively. In analyzing the area under the curve, sensitivity and specificity for older age and low physical function datasets were significant, but had low values. The diabetes dataset had higher values but did not effectively diagnose sarcopenia at a cutoff value of 4. The SARC-F had high specificity for the diagnosis of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults with low physical function. However, its sensitivity was low. Despite these limitations, it may be used as a screening tool for sarcopenia in selected populations, such as adults in hospitals or nursing homes.

ACS Style

Takeshi Kera; Hisashi Kawai; Hirohiko Hirano; Motonaga Kojima; Yutaka Watanabe; Keiko Motokawa; Yoshinori Fujiwara; Yosuke Osuka; Narumi Kojima; Hunkyung Kim; Kazushige Ihara; Shuichi Obuchi. Limitations of SARC-F in the diagnosis of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 2019, 87, 103959 .

AMA Style

Takeshi Kera, Hisashi Kawai, Hirohiko Hirano, Motonaga Kojima, Yutaka Watanabe, Keiko Motokawa, Yoshinori Fujiwara, Yosuke Osuka, Narumi Kojima, Hunkyung Kim, Kazushige Ihara, Shuichi Obuchi. Limitations of SARC-F in the diagnosis of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics. 2019; 87 ():103959.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Takeshi Kera; Hisashi Kawai; Hirohiko Hirano; Motonaga Kojima; Yutaka Watanabe; Keiko Motokawa; Yoshinori Fujiwara; Yosuke Osuka; Narumi Kojima; Hunkyung Kim; Kazushige Ihara; Shuichi Obuchi. 2019. "Limitations of SARC-F in the diagnosis of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults." Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 87, no. : 103959.

Journal article
Published: 12 September 2019 in Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics
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We examined whether the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA®-SF) predicted mortality in 367 nursing home residents (82% women; mean age = 84.4 ± 8.5 years) in Japan. We examined participants’ basic characteristics (sex, age, height, weight, and medical history), the Barthel index (BI), clinical dementia rating (CDR), and six items of the MNA®-SF. The association between the MNA®-SF and 30-month mortality was assessed using a Cox proportional regression analysis. During the study, 157 (42.8%) participants died. MNA®-SF scores in the Survival group were significantly higher than in the Death group (9.4 ± 2.1 vs. 8.4 ± 2.3, respectively; p < .001). After adjusting for age, sex, history of aspiration pneumonia, BI, and CDR, MNA®-SF scores were significantly associated with 30-month mortality (hazard ratio: 0.89, 95% confidence interval: 0.82–0.97, p = .005). The MNA®-SF was an effective predictor of mortality among nursing home residents in Japan, even after adjusting for potential confounders. These results indicate that periodically evaluating nutritional status using the MNA®-SF, and nutritional interventions according to status, may result in maintenance and improvement of nutritional status, as well as lead to reduced mortality.

ACS Style

Keiko Motokawa; Jun Yasuda; Yurie Mikami; Ayako Edahiro; Shiho Morishita; Maki Shirobe; Yuki Ohara; Kanji Nohara; Hirohiko Hirano; Yutaka Watanabe. The Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form as a predictor of nursing home mortality in Japan: A 30-month longitudinal study. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 2019, 86, 103954 .

AMA Style

Keiko Motokawa, Jun Yasuda, Yurie Mikami, Ayako Edahiro, Shiho Morishita, Maki Shirobe, Yuki Ohara, Kanji Nohara, Hirohiko Hirano, Yutaka Watanabe. The Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form as a predictor of nursing home mortality in Japan: A 30-month longitudinal study. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics. 2019; 86 ():103954.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Keiko Motokawa; Jun Yasuda; Yurie Mikami; Ayako Edahiro; Shiho Morishita; Maki Shirobe; Yuki Ohara; Kanji Nohara; Hirohiko Hirano; Yutaka Watanabe. 2019. "The Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form as a predictor of nursing home mortality in Japan: A 30-month longitudinal study." Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 86, no. : 103954.