Installing robots in small businesses is primarily dependent on the ratio of money spent to achieve profit. In addition, from consumer pressure on the production, quality and low cost, the increasing cost of human labour leads to robot deployment. With falling prices of robots, their use is becoming increasingly common, which leads to small firms trying to implement robots that are not new. They try to buy a cheaper older robot or a robot that was damaged during its previous operation. It is necessary to eliminate the risk that arises from more serious damage to the robot, therefore, the requirements for verification of the robot’s resultant parameters after its repair performed in own interest. Based on such a requirement, the solution was to verify the parameters of the UR5 robot to confirm the possibility of its further use. After replacing the damaged parts, the robot was subjected to its parameter verification according to standard ISO 9283:2012. For measurement purposes, a measuring cube was designed and manufactured, as well as a measuring nest for Heidenhain sensors.

Robotic football with humanoid robots is a multidisciplinary field connecting several scientific fields. A challenging task in the design of a humanoid robot for the AndroSot and HuroCup competitions is the realization of movement on the field. This study aims to determine a walking pattern for a humanoid robot with an impact on its dynamic stability and behavior. The design of the proposed technical concept depends on its stability management mechanism, walking speed and such factors as the chosen stability approaches. The humanoid robot and its versatility, along with the adaptability of the terrain, are somewhat limited due to the complexity of the walking principle and the control of the robot’s movement itself. The technical concept uses dynamic stability as the potential force of the inertial bodies and their parts so that the humanoid robot does not overturn. The total height of the robot according to the rules of the competition will be 50 cm. In the performed experiment, only the lower part of the humanoid robot with added weight was considered, which is more demanding due to the non-use of the upper limbs for stabilization. The performed experiment verified the correctness of the design, where the torso of the robot performed eight steps in inclinations of a roll angle +4/−2° and a pitch angle +4/−6°.

The article describes the concept of a locomotive construction for a robot moving along an urbanized or unstructured natural terrain. The most suitable variant was the development of a hybrid leg-wheel chassis for a service robot. It has only been confirmed that the proposed design solution for the leg-wheel hybrid chassis can largely determine activities, requiring a high degree of mobility in different application environments and, at the same time, a high efficiency motion speed over a relatively flat terrain. The geometry for the middle robot service category was processed to verify mobility. The proposed geometry has been optimized for the obstacles defined by the rescuers’ requirements. The result of the simulation is the mobility verification and the recommendation for the prototype development of the service robot.

COVID-19 was first identified in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. It mainly affects the respiratory system and can lead to the death of the patient. The motivation for this study was the current pandemic situation and general deficiency of emergency mechanical ventilators. The paper presents the development of a mechanical ventilator and its control algorithm. The main feature of the developed mechanical ventilator is AmbuBag compressed by a pneumatic actuator. The control algorithm is based on an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), which integrates both neural networks and fuzzy logic principles. Mechanical design and hardware design are presented in the paper. Subsequently, there is a description of the process of data collecting and training of the fuzzy controller. The paper also presents a simulation model for verification of the designed control approach. The experimental results provide the verification of the designed control system. The novelty of the paper is, on the one hand, an implementation of the ANFIS controller for AmbuBag pressure control, with a description of training process. On other hand, the paper presents a novel design of a mechanical ventilator, with a detailed description of the hardware and control system. The last contribution of the paper lies in the mathematical and experimental description of AmbuBag for ventilation purposes.

Technical solutions based on biological models are the subject of research by a wide range of experts and mainly concern their mechanical use. When designing a suitable actuator, they use the physical methods of biological representatives, of which a large group consists of actuators generally referred to as artificial muscles, while another group uses compressed air as an energy carrier. In order to perform the measurements described in this article, a test mechanism based on the opposing arrangement of a pair of pneumatic muscles was constructed. Measurements on the test mechanism were made at set constant pressures in the range of 0.4 MPa to 0.6 MPa, while at each pressure, measurements were made for the counterload range from 0 N to 107.87 N. The measured values were recorded using a microcontroller and subsequently processed into graphic outputs. As part of the measurements, a comparative measurement of the same opposite arrangement of a pair of linear double-acting pneumatic actuators with a single-sided piston rod was also performed. The experiment and measurements were carried out in order to determine the suitability of using pneumatic artificial muscles in the selected arrangement for the implementation of a mechanism imitating the human arm. The target parameters of the experiment were the reaction speed of the course of force when filling the muscle under load and the reaction of the mechanism to a change in the set pressure in the pneumatic system. The summary of the comparison of the measured results is the content of the discussion in this article.

The paper deals with the proposed concept of a biped robot with vertical stabilization of the robot’s base and minimization of its sideways oscillations. This robot uses 6 actuators, which gives good preconditions for energy balance compared to purely articulated bipedal robots. In addition, the used linear actuator is self-locking, so no additional energy is required for braking or to keep it in a stable position. The direct and inverse kinematics problems are solved by means of a kinematic model of the robot. Furthermore, the task is aided by a solution for locomotion on an inclined plane. Special attention is focused on the position of the robot’s center of gravity and its stability in motion. The results of the simulation confirm that the proposed concept meets all expectations. This robot can be used as a mechatronic assistant or as a carrier for handling extensions.