The perirenal adipose tissue (PRAT), a component of visceral adipose tissue, has been recently recognized as an important factor that contributes to the maintenance of the cardiovascular system and kidney homeostasis. PRAT is a complex microenvironment consisting of a mixture of white adipocytes and dormant and active brown adipocytes, associated with predipocytes, sympathetic nerve endings, vascular structures, and different types of inflammatory cells. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about PRAT and discuss its role as a major contributing factor in the pathogenesis of hypertension, obesity, chronic renal diseases, and involvement in tumor progression. The new perspectives of PRAT as an endocrine organ and recent knowledge regarding the possible activation of dormant brown adipocytes are nowadays considered as new areas of research in obesity, in close correlation with renal and cardiovascular pathology. Supplementary PRAT complex intervention in tumor progression may reveal new pathways involved in carcinogenesis and, implicitly, may identify additional targets for tailored cancer therapy.

Cervical cancer is a major global health concern with serious implications for women’s health. It is most often caused by persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types. However, about 5–11% of cervical carcinoma cases are HPV-independent, entities with their own unique set of histopathological, molecular, and clinical features. The histopathological forms of HPV-independent cervical cancer include gastric-type adenocarcinoma, clear-cell, mesonephric, and endometrioid carcinoma. Unlike HPV-associated cervical cancers, which require E6 and E7 oncogenes for their expression, HPV-independent tumors exhibit specific mutations such as TP53, PIK3CA, KRAS, STK11, and PTEN. These mutations lead to alternative oncogenic pathways. Diagnosis of HPV-independent cervical adenocarcinoma is often delayed because of possible misclassification as endometrial adenocarcinomas, which frequently results from inadequate HPV testing. This often leads to advanced presentation stages, higher rates of lymphovascular invasion, and, in many cases, a reduced response to chemotherapy and immunotherapy—though outcomes can vary across histotypes and selected patient subgroups—due to the immune-cold tumor microenvironment. Although these morphologic and molecular characteristics describe tumors that are very difficult to manage, PI3K/mTOR and KRAS inhibitors may offer potential therapeutic options for selected patients. This review focuses on the pathogenic and molecular mechanisms, histopathological features, prognosis, and therapeutic difficulties of HPV-independent cervical cancers. Moreover, it provides a comprehension of contemporary issues in diagnostic methods and some new therapeutic approaches, suggesting the need for precision medicine in this aggressive type of cervical cancer. Further studies are necessary to enhance early detection, improve treatment results, and increase survival rates for patients with HPV-independent cervical cancer.