Reduction of CO₂ with hydrogen into CO was studied for the first time on alumina-supported Co and Fe catalysts under supercritical conditions with the goal to produce either CO or CH₄ as the target products. The extremely high selectivity towards methanation close to 100% was found for the Co/Al₂O₃ catalyst, whereas the Fe/Al₂O₃ system demonstrates a predominance of hydrogenation to CO with noticeable formation of ethane (up to 15%). The space–time yield can be increased by an order of magnitude by using the supercritical conditions as compared to the gas-phase reactions. Differences in the crystallographic phase features of Fe-containing catalysts cause the reverse water gas shift reaction to form carbon monoxide, whereas the reduced iron phases initiate the Fischer–Tropsch reaction to produce a mixture of hydrocarbons. Direct methanation occurs selectively on Co catalysts. No methanol formation was observed on the studied Fe- and Co-containing catalysts.

The transformations of glucose over the Pt/C catalyst in a flow reactor in the temperature range 140–200°C at a pressure of 5.0 MPa have been studied. The main routes of glucose conversion in an aqueous phase in the presence of hydrogen, helium, or air have been considered. A product formation scheme depending on the reaction parameters has been proposed. At 140°C, glucose hydrogenation into sorbitol occurs with a selectivity of 77%. In an oxidizing atmosphere, glucose transforms into gluconic acid (with 73% selectivity at 140°C); here, the formation of sorbitol and mannitol (with a selectivity of 5–7% at 180–200°C) is also possible. Glucose transformation by-products, such as C₃–C₅ polyatomic alcohols, ketones, acids, and furfural derivatives, have been identified. The degree of glucose reforming in the aqueous solution with the formation of the gaseous products H2 and CO₂ is no higher than 10% at 200°C.

Hydrogenation of phenol in aqueous solutions on Pt-Ni/SiO₂, Pt-Ni-Cr/Al₂O₃, Pt/C, and Ru/C catalysts was studied at temperatures of 150–250 °C and pressures of 40–80 bar. The possibility of hydrogenation of hydrolysis lignin in an aqueous medium in the presence of a Ru/C catalyst is shown. The conversion of hydrolysis lignin and water-soluble sodium lignosulfonate occurs with the formation of a complex mixture of monomeric products: a number of phenols, products of their catalytic hydrogenation (cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone), and hydrogenolysis products (cyclic and aliphatic C₂–C₇ hydrocarbons).

The conversion of isobutane-butenes mixtures on the H-form of ultrastable zeolite Y and sulfated zirconia under supercritical conditions at 150–160°C and 80 atm was studied. The isobutane/C₄-olefins molar ratios (I/O) were 1.5, 14, and 28. In isobutane alkylation (I/O = 14 and 28), sulfated zirconia was more stable: at 150°C and 80 atm, the olefin conversion above 90% was retained for 5 h. Under the same conditions, the deactivation of the zeolite catalyst started after 1–2.5 h (depending on the initial I/O ratio). Selectivity for the formation of C₈ hydrocarbons was 30–40%. An increase in the butene content of the initial mixture led to the domination of the dimerization of butenes over the alkylation of isobutane.