This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.

Prof. Doosam Song
SungKyunKwan Univerisity, Republic of Korea

Basic Info


Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Airflow
0 Indoor Air Quality
0 Thermal Comfort
0 Energy Saving
0 control

Fingerprints

Airflow
Thermal Comfort
Energy Saving
energy saving and comfort in buildings
control
Indoor Air Quality
Ventilation and cooling

Honors and Awards

The user has no records in this section


Career Timeline

The user has no records in this section.


Short Biography

The user biography is not available.
Following
Followers
Co Authors
The list of users this user is following is empty.
Following: 0 users

Feed

Journal article
Published: 05 June 2021 in Journal of Building Engineering
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The real-time infiltration rate in a building is an important factor in controlling ventilation for energy saving and achieving acceptable indoor air quality. Recently, the occupant-generated CO2 tracer gas method has received considerable attention in that there is no need to inject a tracking gas and it can be easily calculated real-time infiltration rate through indoor and outdoor CO2 monitoring. However, data noise at low CO2 concentrations and a small drop in indoor concentrations during unoccupied periods can increase uncertainty in predicting infiltration rates. Besides, using an arbitrary reference value as the background CO2 concentration can lead to over or underestimation of the predicted values. The purpose of this study is to present an alternative form of the mass-balance equation for determining real-time infiltration rates and to review the issues that need to be considered in actual calculations. Field measurements were performed in a test room where four people work intermittently. In this study, an appropriate time interval setting method that exceeds the measurement uncertainty limit of the device is proposed, and a moving average technique is used to suppress noise signals in a low CO2 concentration. In addition, it is recommended to use the hourly average value of outdoor concentration and data with an indoor CO2 concentration higher than 1000 ppm. The originality of this work is to quantitatively analyze the uncertainty effect of outdoor carbon dioxide concentration information and to provide clear guidelines for determining the valid data interval carbon dioxide concentrations in predicting infiltration rates.

ACS Style

Sowoo Park; Paul Choi; Doosam Song; Junemo Koo. Estimation of the real-time infiltration rate using a low carbon dioxide concentration. Journal of Building Engineering 2021, 42, 102835 .

AMA Style

Sowoo Park, Paul Choi, Doosam Song, Junemo Koo. Estimation of the real-time infiltration rate using a low carbon dioxide concentration. Journal of Building Engineering. 2021; 42 ():102835.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sowoo Park; Paul Choi; Doosam Song; Junemo Koo. 2021. "Estimation of the real-time infiltration rate using a low carbon dioxide concentration." Journal of Building Engineering 42, no. : 102835.

Article
Published: 27 May 2021 in Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Indoor particulate matter (PM) concentrations may be high due to indoor PM generation as well as PM introduced from the outdoors in residential buildings. In particular, as building airtight performance has been strengthened to reduce energy consumption, the indoor-generated PM has greatly influenced a person’s overall PM exposure. The indoor activities of residents may generate and resuspend PM, which in turn increases the indoor PM concentration. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of indoor PM generation by activities in a residential building and the removal effect of the ventilation methods. Field measurements were accomplished for indoor PM generation activities in real conditions, such as vacuum cleaning, cooking (fish and pork), air freshener spraying, and scented candle burning in a residential building. As a result, the PM concentration was the highest for broiling fish, with a concentration of 15.714 mg/m3 for PM10 and 13.679 mg/m3 for PM2.5. The decreasing order of the peak concentration for indoor activities was cooking, burning scented candles, vacuuming, and spraying air freshener. Additionally, the residual PM concentration exceeded the standard upper limit even 30 min after most of the PM generation activities ended. Especially, in the cooking activity, with the highest PM generation, PM could not be removed properly even when the range hood was operated. This is because the static pressure loss of the range hood in an air-tightened house and additional air supply or window opening can improve the PM removal performance of the range hood.

ACS Style

Sowoo Park; Doosam Song; Seunghwan Park; Younhee Choi. Particulate matter generation in daily activities and removal effect by ventilation methods in residential building. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health 2021, 1 -16.

AMA Style

Sowoo Park, Doosam Song, Seunghwan Park, Younhee Choi. Particulate matter generation in daily activities and removal effect by ventilation methods in residential building. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health. 2021; ():1-16.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sowoo Park; Doosam Song; Seunghwan Park; Younhee Choi. 2021. "Particulate matter generation in daily activities and removal effect by ventilation methods in residential building." Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health , no. : 1-16.

Journal article
Published: 15 May 2021 in Science of The Total Environment
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The World Health Organization (WHO) announced that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may spread through aerosols, so-called airborne transmission, especially in a poorly ventilated indoor environment. Ventilation protects the occupants against airborne transmission. Various studies have been performed on the importance of sufficient ventilation for diluting the concentration of virus and lowering any subsequent dose inhaled by the occupants. However, the ventilation situation can be problematic in public buildings and other shared spaces, such as shops, offices, schools, and restaurants. If ventilation is provided by opening windows, the outdoor airflow rate depends strongly on the specific local conditions (opening sizes, relative positions, climatic and weather conditions). This study uses field measurements to analyze the natural ventilation performance in a school building according to the window opening rates, positions, and weather conditions. The ventilation rates were calculated by the tracer gas decay method, and the infection risk was assessed using the Wells-Riley equation. Under cross-ventilation conditions, the average ventilation rates were measured at 6.51 h−1 for 15% window opening, and 11.20 h−1 for 30% window opening. For single-sided ventilation, the ventilation rates were reduced to about 30% of the values from the cross-ventilation cases. The infection probability is less than 1% in all cases when a mask is worn and more than 15% of the windows are open with cross-ventilation. With single-sided ventilation, if the exposure time is less than 1 h, the infection probability can be kept less than 1% with a mask. However, the infection probability exceeds 1% in all cases where exposure time is greater than 2 h, regardless of whether or not a mask is worn. Also, when the air conditioner was operated with a window opening ratio of 15%, power consumption increased by 10.2%.

ACS Style

Sowoo Park; Younhee Choi; Doosam Song; Eun Kyung Kim. Natural ventilation strategy and related issues to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) airborne transmission in a school building. Science of The Total Environment 2021, 789, 147764 .

AMA Style

Sowoo Park, Younhee Choi, Doosam Song, Eun Kyung Kim. Natural ventilation strategy and related issues to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) airborne transmission in a school building. Science of The Total Environment. 2021; 789 ():147764.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sowoo Park; Younhee Choi; Doosam Song; Eun Kyung Kim. 2021. "Natural ventilation strategy and related issues to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) airborne transmission in a school building." Science of The Total Environment 789, no. : 147764.

Journal article
Published: 19 January 2021 in Energies
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Interest in research analyzing and predicting energy loads and consumption in the early stages of building design using meta-models has constantly increased in recent years. Generally, it requires many simulated or measured results to build meta-models, which significantly affects their accuracy. In this study, Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) is proposed as an alternative to Fractional Factor Design (FFD), since it can improve the accuracy while including the nonlinear effect of design parameters with a smaller size of data. Building energy loads of an office floor with ten design parameters were selected as the meta-models' objectives, and were developed using the two sampling methods. The accuracy of predicting the heating/cooling loads of the meta-models for alternative floor designs was compared. For the considered ranges of design parameters, window insulation (WDI) and Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC) were found to have nonlinear characteristics on cooling and heating loads. LHS showed better prediction accuracy compared to FFD, since LHS considers the nonlinear impacts for a given number of treatments. It is always a good idea to use LHS over FFD for a given number of treatments, since the existence of nonlinearity in the relation is not pre-existing information.

ACS Style

Younhee Choi; Doosam Song; Sungmin Yoon; Junemo Koo. Comparison of Factorial and Latin Hypercube Sampling Designs for Meta-Models of Building Heating and Cooling Loads. Energies 2021, 14, 512 .

AMA Style

Younhee Choi, Doosam Song, Sungmin Yoon, Junemo Koo. Comparison of Factorial and Latin Hypercube Sampling Designs for Meta-Models of Building Heating and Cooling Loads. Energies. 2021; 14 (2):512.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Younhee Choi; Doosam Song; Sungmin Yoon; Junemo Koo. 2021. "Comparison of Factorial and Latin Hypercube Sampling Designs for Meta-Models of Building Heating and Cooling Loads." Energies 14, no. 2: 512.

Journal article
Published: 23 December 2020 in Energies
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Geothermal source heat pump (GSHP) systems as renewable energy systems are being more frequently installed as part of the zero-energy building drive. However, in South Korea, where a large amount of heating load can be required, maintaining high system performance by using only a GSHP is difficult owing to the gradual degradation of its thermal performance. The performance of a solar-assisted GSHP system was therefore experimentally analyzed and compared with a GSHP-only system. The results showed that the heating coefficient of performance of the GSHP-only operation was 5.4, while that of the solar-assisted GSHP operation was 7.0. In the case of the GSHP-only system, the maximum temperature of the heat pump water supply on the heat source side was initially 13.1 °C, but this rapidly decreased to 11.4 °C during operation. For the solar-assisted GSHP system, the temperature of the water supply to the heat source side of the heat pump was controlled at 15–20.9 °C, and the power consumption for system operation was reduced by about 20% compared with that for the GSHP-only system. Much higher temperatures could be supplied when solar heat is used instead of ground heat, as solar heat contributes to the performance improvement of the heat pump system.

ACS Style

Jihyun Hwang; Doosam Song; Taewon Lee. The Effect of Coupling Solar Thermal System and Geothermal Heat Pump Systems in Areas with Unbalanced Heating and Cooling Demand. Energies 2020, 14, 31 .

AMA Style

Jihyun Hwang, Doosam Song, Taewon Lee. The Effect of Coupling Solar Thermal System and Geothermal Heat Pump Systems in Areas with Unbalanced Heating and Cooling Demand. Energies. 2020; 14 (1):31.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jihyun Hwang; Doosam Song; Taewon Lee. 2020. "The Effect of Coupling Solar Thermal System and Geothermal Heat Pump Systems in Areas with Unbalanced Heating and Cooling Demand." Energies 14, no. 1: 31.

Journal article
Published: 29 October 2020 in Sustainability
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The Passive House standard has become the standard for many countries in the construction of the Zero Energy Building (ZEB). Korea also adopted the standard and has achieved great success in building energy savings. However, some issues remain with ZEBs in Korea. Among them, this study aims to discuss overheating issues. Field measurements were carried out to analyze the overheating risk for a library built as a ZEB. A data-driven overheating risk prediction model was developed to analyze the overheating risk, requiring only a small amount of data and extending the analysis throughout the year. The main factors causing overheating during both the cooling season and the intermediate seasons are also analyzed in detail. The overheating frequency exceeded 60% of days in July and August, the midsummer season in Korea. Overheating also occurred during the intermediate seasons when air conditioners were off, such as in May and October in Korea. Overheating during the cooling season was caused mainly by unexpected increases in occupancy rate, while overheating in the mid-term was mainly due to an increase in solar irradiation. This is because domestic ZEB standards define the reinforcement of insulation and airtight performance, but there are no standards for solar insolation through windows or for internal heat generation. The results of this study suggest that a fixed performance standard for ZEBs that does not reflect the climate or cultural characteristics of the region in which a ZEB is built may not result in energy savings at the operational stage and may not guarantee the thermal comfort of occupants.

ACS Style

Yue Yuan; Jisoo Shim; SeungKeon Lee; Doosam Song; Joowook Kim. Prediction for Overheating Risk Based on Deep Learning in a Zero Energy Building. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8974 .

AMA Style

Yue Yuan, Jisoo Shim, SeungKeon Lee, Doosam Song, Joowook Kim. Prediction for Overheating Risk Based on Deep Learning in a Zero Energy Building. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (21):8974.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yue Yuan; Jisoo Shim; SeungKeon Lee; Doosam Song; Joowook Kim. 2020. "Prediction for Overheating Risk Based on Deep Learning in a Zero Energy Building." Sustainability 12, no. 21: 8974.

Journal article
Published: 14 September 2020 in Sustainability
Reads 0
Downloads 0

This study uses long-term field measurements to quantify the indoor humidity generation rates of low-income households vulnerable to condensation and related problems. We found that the mean internal moisture excess of low-income households in Korea was 4.69 g/m3 higher than those of prior studies. Indoor water vapor generation rates of various activities considering the life style of low-income households were also quantified. The moisture generation rates of the shower and bath were 125.3 g/event and 51.1 g/event, respectively, and showed a similar or lower value compared to the existing results. The moisture generation rate of cooking showed the largest difference due to the residential characteristics of low-income households, such as cooking less frequently due to meal delivery services from the welfare center and the lower number of residents per household. Even though the moisture generation rates of low-income households for certain activities showed lower values compared to the results of prior studies, the indoor conditions were very humid due to the lower ventilation rates and studio-type open floor plan.

ACS Style

Younhee Choi; Younghoon Lim; Joowook Kim; Doosam Song. Why Does a High Humidity Level Form in Low-Income Households despite Low Water Vapor Generation? Sustainability 2020, 12, 7563 .

AMA Style

Younhee Choi, Younghoon Lim, Joowook Kim, Doosam Song. Why Does a High Humidity Level Form in Low-Income Households despite Low Water Vapor Generation? Sustainability. 2020; 12 (18):7563.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Younhee Choi; Younghoon Lim; Joowook Kim; Doosam Song. 2020. "Why Does a High Humidity Level Form in Low-Income Households despite Low Water Vapor Generation?" Sustainability 12, no. 18: 7563.

Journal article
Published: 26 August 2020 in Applied Thermal Engineering
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The aim of this study is to analyze the characteristics and performance of a Bi-directional flow and transient or variable heat exchange ventilator by experiment. In addition, a simulation method to describe the features of this system is proposed. The effect of the degree of simulation modeling for Bi-directional flow and transient or variable heat exchange ventilator on energy demand was analyzed by simulation. The adequacy of simulation modeling was verified in comparison with experimental results. The simulation results of time-variant heat exchange efficiency were in good agreement with the experimental results, within an error range of approximately 0.6%. The difference in energy consumption according to the degree of simulation modeling for Bi-directional flow and transient or variable heat exchange ventilator was found to be up to 22% according to the consideration of the energy consumption of the ventilator fan. There is no difference in simulation results between the method considering the time-variant heat exchange efficiency and the method of applying the time-averaged heat exchange efficiency. The consideration of air infiltration in the exhaust mode increased the heating energy consumed by approximately 5.4% but had little effect on the consumption of cooling energy. The results of this study will be helpful in determining the degree of simulation modeling for performance analyses of a Bi-directional flow and transient heat exchange ventilator.

ACS Style

Younhee Choi; Beungyong Park; Sowoo Park; Doosam Song. How can we simulate the Bi-directional flow and time-variant heat exchange ventilation system? Applied Thermal Engineering 2020, 181, 115948 .

AMA Style

Younhee Choi, Beungyong Park, Sowoo Park, Doosam Song. How can we simulate the Bi-directional flow and time-variant heat exchange ventilation system? Applied Thermal Engineering. 2020; 181 ():115948.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Younhee Choi; Beungyong Park; Sowoo Park; Doosam Song. 2020. "How can we simulate the Bi-directional flow and time-variant heat exchange ventilation system?" Applied Thermal Engineering 181, no. : 115948.

Journal article
Published: 20 August 2020 in Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Effective building-energy policy can be developed only when the appropriate analysis is implemented in advance. The heating degree-day (HDD) method is a powerful tool for anticipating a national climate or annual heating demand for a heating period. The accuracy of the HDD method depends on the accuracy of balance-point temperatures, which represent regional building thermal performance and climate conditions. However, accurate local balance-point temperatures have not been determined for most countries. This paper examines a method of calculating balance-point temperatures based on local building thermal performance and climate. Detailed calculation procedures for heat gains and losses in buildings are described and corresponding issues are discussed. Regional building thermal performance and climate are the main factors involved in the process, which requires appropriate regional balance-point temperatures. To reflect changes in climate, and subsequent policy changes, many countries will require more consideration of regional balance-point temperatures. Balance-point temperatures were revised in Korea as a case study. The colder and the more intense the building insulation standards, the lower the balance-point temperature turned out to be, compared with what the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers recommends. There was a 2 °C difference in balance-point temperature between the coldest and warmest regions in Korea. Insulation standards that demonstrated the greatest impact on balance-point temperature and severity of climate were also not negligible.

ACS Style

Somin Park; Jisoo Shim; Doosam Song. Issues in calculation of balance-point temperatures for heating degree-days for the development of building-energy policy. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2020, 135, 110211 .

AMA Style

Somin Park, Jisoo Shim, Doosam Song. Issues in calculation of balance-point temperatures for heating degree-days for the development of building-energy policy. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2020; 135 ():110211.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Somin Park; Jisoo Shim; Doosam Song. 2020. "Issues in calculation of balance-point temperatures for heating degree-days for the development of building-energy policy." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 135, no. : 110211.

Journal article
Published: 27 July 2020 in Building and Environment
Reads 0
Downloads 0

This study quantifies the natural ventilation rate in single-sided natural ventilation with a trickle ventilator, inserted in a window frame or a shutter box. The seasonal characteristics of natural ventilation in actual residential conditions were examined by long-term field measurements in a multi-residential building during spring and summer seasons. The wind velocities and pressure differences between indoors and outdoors in the summer season, which are the driving forces of natural ventilation, were relatively lower compared to the spring season. The turbulence intensity was greater in summer when the outdoor wind velocity was lower. During this study about 90% of the outdoor wind velocity was less than 2.5 m/s, and the wind speed and wind direction constantly fluctuated. The ventilation rate of the trickle ventilator was quantified by four methods: the tracer gas method, inlet air velocity-based, pressure difference-based, and reference wind velocity-based. The tracer gas method was considered the reference to which the other three methods were compared. The calculation method based on the indoor/outdoor pressure difference, which is widely used for calculating the natural ventilation rate, failed in this case to capture the actual natural ventilation rate; only 63% of the ventilation rate quantified by the tracer gas method could be explained by this method. In addition, the reference wind velocity-based quantification showed the worst agreement, with an error rate around 54%. The inlet air velocity-based quantification of the ventilation rate showed the best agreement with the results of the tracer gas method in the trickle ventilator.

ACS Style

Younhee Choi; Doosam Song. How to quantify natural ventilation rate of single-sided ventilation with trickle ventilator? Building and Environment 2020, 181, 107119 .

AMA Style

Younhee Choi, Doosam Song. How to quantify natural ventilation rate of single-sided ventilation with trickle ventilator? Building and Environment. 2020; 181 ():107119.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Younhee Choi; Doosam Song. 2020. "How to quantify natural ventilation rate of single-sided ventilation with trickle ventilator?" Building and Environment 181, no. : 107119.

Journal article
Published: 23 July 2020 in Building and Environment
Reads 0
Downloads 0

As multifamily high-rise buildings have various infiltration and interzonal airflow distributions caused by wind and stack interactions, dwelling infiltration from the outdoor air and interzonal airflow varies depending on the floor and direction. Thus, the different infiltration is one of major factors on the indoor air or energy demand loads of dwelling units in the buildings. This study characterizes dwelling infiltration distributions in multifamily high-rise buildings that accounts for infiltration and interzonal airflow, which are caused by the interactions of stack and wind effects. To do so, typical reference choices were determined for the building, annual weather conditions, leakage area levels, and analysis methods. The infiltration and interzonal airflow were characterized by season, floor, household (or direction), and leakage level. While past studies largely ignored the contribution of interzonal airflow, this paper demonstrates here that this contribution is predominant (about 80%) and exhibits significant variation between floors. Finally, this study finds that infiltration rates by household and interzonal airflow differences by floor should be addressed more carefully for annual dwelling infiltration distributions. In addition, three leakage relationships are defined by air driving forces (stack and/or wind effects) and household locations in terms of the annual dwelling infiltration distribution. Considering the leakage area of household entrance door is emphasized for dwelling infiltration. Based on the leakage level of household entrance, interesting airflow features, such as wind-driven interzonal airflow or wind-driven infiltration on upper floors under the strong stack effect, are observed.

ACS Style

Juhyun Bak; Sungmin Yoon; Doosam Song; Hyunwoo Lim; Yong-Shik Kim. Weather-driven infiltration and interzonal airflow in a multifamily high-rise building: Dwelling infiltration distribution. Building and Environment 2020, 181, 107098 .

AMA Style

Juhyun Bak, Sungmin Yoon, Doosam Song, Hyunwoo Lim, Yong-Shik Kim. Weather-driven infiltration and interzonal airflow in a multifamily high-rise building: Dwelling infiltration distribution. Building and Environment. 2020; 181 ():107098.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Juhyun Bak; Sungmin Yoon; Doosam Song; Hyunwoo Lim; Yong-Shik Kim. 2020. "Weather-driven infiltration and interzonal airflow in a multifamily high-rise building: Dwelling infiltration distribution." Building and Environment 181, no. : 107098.

Journal article
Published: 01 May 2020 in Energies
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Building energy savings and occupant thermal comfort are the main issues in building technology. As such, the development of energy-efficient heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems and the control strategies of HVAC systems are emerging as important topics in the HVAC industry. Variable refrigerant flow (VRF) systems have efficient energy performance, so the use of VRF systems in buildings is increasing. However, most studies on VRF systems focus on improving mechanical efficiency, with few studies on energy-efficient control while satisfying the thermal comfort of occupants. The goal is to estimate the energy-saving potential of adjusting the temperature set-points and dead-band (range) in VRF air-conditioned building. To do so, we analyzed the influence of control strategies of a VRF system on human thermal comfort and energy consumption using a simulation method. The results showed that energy consumption can be reduced by 25.4% for predicted mean vote (PMV)-based control and 27.0% for the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) comfort range control compared with the typical set-point temperature control of a VRF system. The indoor thermal environments of the analyzed control strategies are controlled in the thermal comfort range, which is based on a PMV at ±0.5. Compared with the typical set-point control, PMV and ASHRAE comfort range-based control reduced the operation time of the compressor in the VRF system.

ACS Style

Joowook Kim; Doosam Song; Suyeon Kim; Sohyun Park; Youngjin Choi; Hyunwoo Lim. Energy-Saving Potential of Extending Temperature Set-Points in a VRF Air-Conditioned Building. Energies 2020, 13, 2160 .

AMA Style

Joowook Kim, Doosam Song, Suyeon Kim, Sohyun Park, Youngjin Choi, Hyunwoo Lim. Energy-Saving Potential of Extending Temperature Set-Points in a VRF Air-Conditioned Building. Energies. 2020; 13 (9):2160.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Joowook Kim; Doosam Song; Suyeon Kim; Sohyun Park; Youngjin Choi; Hyunwoo Lim. 2020. "Energy-Saving Potential of Extending Temperature Set-Points in a VRF Air-Conditioned Building." Energies 13, no. 9: 2160.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2020 in Sustainability
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Energy efficiency policies are made to reduce the energy necessary to achieve a given level of indoor heating and to decrease the greenhouse gas emission worldwide. National and state regulators routinely tighten the energy efficiency building code appliance standards. In particular, for low-income households, the government has been implementing an energy efficiency program, and the most common measures include furnace replacement, attic and wall insulation, and infiltration reduction. The belief that the energy efficiency programs are beneficial and lead to energy reductions often fails, which is known as the ‘efficiency gap.’ This paper analyzed the effect of input data in calculating the energy savings of the energy efficiency program for low-income households as a cause of the energy efficiency gap in energy efficiency treatments for low-income households. According to the retrofit of the low-income household, the energy saving effect predicted through the input data of detailed measurement was 65%, which was higher than 41% of the conventional prediction method (walk-through audit). The resulting greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction effect was also the same as the energy savings, and the results predicted by the existing prediction methods were less predicted than the detailed measurement results.

ACS Style

Joowook Kim; Jemin Myoung; Hyunwoo Lim; Doosam Song. Efficiency Gap Caused by the Input Data in Evaluating Energy Efficiency of Low-Income Households’ Energy Retrofit Program. Sustainability 2020, 12, 2774 .

AMA Style

Joowook Kim, Jemin Myoung, Hyunwoo Lim, Doosam Song. Efficiency Gap Caused by the Input Data in Evaluating Energy Efficiency of Low-Income Households’ Energy Retrofit Program. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (7):2774.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Joowook Kim; Jemin Myoung; Hyunwoo Lim; Doosam Song. 2020. "Efficiency Gap Caused by the Input Data in Evaluating Energy Efficiency of Low-Income Households’ Energy Retrofit Program." Sustainability 12, no. 7: 2774.

Journal article
Published: 08 November 2019 in Building and Environment
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Problems caused by the stack effect are an emerging issue as high-rise buildings become more common. Many countermeasures have been suggested to minimize the building performance deterioration by the stack effect, but sometimes combining them does not produce the expected results. This paper reviews the underlying principles of the stack effect and its countermeasures in a high-rise office building with a specific focus on an interaction analysis between countermeasures. A network model (CONTAM) that simulates airflow and pressure in buildings was used for the case study. An analysis of the interactions between countermeasures was built by the design of experiments (DOE) technique to obtain reliable results and reduce the computational effort. We confirmed that there are significant synergistic/antagonistic and positive/negative interactions in the performance of stack effect countermeasures depending on their combinations. Therefore, stack effect countermeasures should be established in light of stack effect characteristics and interaction between countermeasures.

ACS Style

Hyunwoo Lim; Jungmin Seo; Doosam Song; Sungmin Yoon; Joowook Kim. Interaction analysis of countermeasures for the stack effect in a high-rise office building. Building and Environment 2019, 168, 106530 .

AMA Style

Hyunwoo Lim, Jungmin Seo, Doosam Song, Sungmin Yoon, Joowook Kim. Interaction analysis of countermeasures for the stack effect in a high-rise office building. Building and Environment. 2019; 168 ():106530.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hyunwoo Lim; Jungmin Seo; Doosam Song; Sungmin Yoon; Joowook Kim. 2019. "Interaction analysis of countermeasures for the stack effect in a high-rise office building." Building and Environment 168, no. : 106530.

Conference paper
Published: 23 October 2019 in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
Reads 0
Downloads 0

In Korea, in order to reduce building energy, the policy applying insulation standard of passive house level to new buildings from 2017 was established. However, the concept of passive house applied in the Central and Western Europe area is feared to increase the cooling load in hot and humid areas in summer like Korea. Therefore, we propose a control logic for reducing the cooling energy in summer while maintaining occupants' thermal comfort that can apply to VRF system installed in passive buildings. In this paper, Comfort Range Control logic based on ASHRAE Comfort Chart for occupants' thermal comfort and energy saving was applied to VRF system in the actual office space of passive building in Korea. The indoor environment and energy consumption according to the conventional control method, Set-Point Control, and Comfort Range Control proposed in this study were analyzed by field measurement.

ACS Style

Sohyun Park; Joowook Kim; Doosam Song. Application of Comfort Range Control logic for thermal comfort and energy saving in VRF system. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2019, 609, 052029 .

AMA Style

Sohyun Park, Joowook Kim, Doosam Song. Application of Comfort Range Control logic for thermal comfort and energy saving in VRF system. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2019; 609 (5):052029.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sohyun Park; Joowook Kim; Doosam Song. 2019. "Application of Comfort Range Control logic for thermal comfort and energy saving in VRF system." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 609, no. 5: 052029.

Conference paper
Published: 23 October 2019 in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The university lecture room is one of the places where the fine dust concentration can rise easily. Generally, since students move in each lecture, particulate matter formed in the outdoors is adsorbed on the clothes surface of the students and then re-suspended in the room. Also, university classrooms are often blocked for more than one hour of class, and the university's old buildings do not have a special ventilation system. In addition, when the number of students per unit area per class is large, much particulate matter can be re-suspended due to the activities of the students. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between factors affecting the concentration of particulate matter in the classroom by long-term field measurements. Particulate matter has been measured for long periods in two classrooms, hallway, and outdoor. At the same time, factors affecting the indoor particulate matter concentration such as cleaning status, window and door opening status, air conditioner operating status, and number of occupants per unit area were monitored. As a result, the increase and decrease of the outdoor particulate matter concentration had a great influence on the increase and decrease of particulate matter concentration in the classroom. At the beginning or end of the lesson, indoor and corridor particulate matter concentrations increased sharply with the movement of many students. The increased particulate matter concentration was maintained for a long time despite the window and door open condition.

ACS Style

S W Park; D S Song. The effect of student activity and outdoor conditions on particulate matter concentration in university classroom. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2019, 609, 042064 .

AMA Style

S W Park, D S Song. The effect of student activity and outdoor conditions on particulate matter concentration in university classroom. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2019; 609 (4):042064.

Chicago/Turabian Style

S W Park; D S Song. 2019. "The effect of student activity and outdoor conditions on particulate matter concentration in university classroom." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 609, no. 4: 042064.

Conference paper
Published: 23 October 2019 in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Recently, it is real to recognize the importance of airtightness performance and it has become mandatory to measure airtightness performance measurement through various standards in Korea. In Korea, air tightness performance is measured using blower door test based on pressurization / depressurization method. However, the conventional blower door test has various inconveniences and problems in the measurement. This study propose a method of predicting the airtightness performance by using the pressure difference, which can replace the conventional blower door test method that can measure the airtightness performance. In order to verify the method proposed in this study, the predicted results were compared to the measured results using blower door test. The proposed method is similar to the blower door test when compared to the blower door test, but there are some differences. The blower door test is measured by measuring the air flow at several pressure difference conditions (10 ~ 70 Pa) and finding C, n. C and n values can be calculated and the airtightness performance can be obtained by knowing the amount of air passing through the building envelope. However, the only way to measure the airflow through the actual building envelope is the blower door test, which is difficult to measure with other methods. This study measured the pressure difference between the front door and the building envelope, which can be easily measured, and calculated the airflow that pass to the building envelope based on the airflow at various pressure difference conditions shown in the airtightness report of the front door. This is possible because the amount of air flowing in and out under steady state conditions is always the same. Based on this, the airflow was calculated at several pressure difference conditions of the building envelope, and C and n were defined. With this, it is possible to calculate the airtightness performance, the leakage area under various pressure difference conditions. In order to verify the proposed method, this study measures the pressure difference and the airtightness performance of the building using the existing method. The results are as follows; the value of C, n was calculated using the proposed method, and C was about 19.4 and n was about 0.895. The airtightness performance was predicted based on the calculated C and n, and the airtightness performance was calculated to be 3.25 (1/[email protected] Pa). When the error rate is calculated as NMSE(Normalized Mean Square Error) for the airtightness performance measured by the blower door test and predicted in this study, NMSE is calculated as 0.01, and the method proposed in this study is reliable because it is included in the reliable range of NMSE 0.25. Proposed method is possible to calculate all the values obtained from the existing blower door test. Therefore, the method can replace the blower door test because both C and n values, airtightness performance, and leakage area under various...

ACS Style

S H Park; U Munkhbat; D S Song; S M Yoon; K N Kang. Proposal of a method for predicting the airtightness performance in a high-rise residential building using pressure difference. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2019, 609, 042065 .

AMA Style

S H Park, U Munkhbat, D S Song, S M Yoon, K N Kang. Proposal of a method for predicting the airtightness performance in a high-rise residential building using pressure difference. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2019; 609 (4):042065.

Chicago/Turabian Style

S H Park; U Munkhbat; D S Song; S M Yoon; K N Kang. 2019. "Proposal of a method for predicting the airtightness performance in a high-rise residential building using pressure difference." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 609, no. 4: 042065.

Conference paper
Published: 23 October 2019 in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Since a large space building has distinguished characteristics, to analyse and predict the peak load these should be considered. The existed building energy simulation cannot reflect the characteristics of large space building, especially vertical temperature distribution. Therefore, to analyse the large space building, it is inevitably used the methods which requires high knowledge skills and economic cost. The goal of this research is suggesting the peak load calculation algorithm for a large space building. With RTS(Radiant Time Series) and simplified model for predicting vertical temperature distribution, the algorithm is expected to show highly applicability with minimum input data and consisted with clear calculation process. The calculation process is composed with three steps. 1) calculation for preparing initial condition, 2) calculation of air movement, 3) calculating peak load for occupied space. With the Energyplus applying airflow network, the result of algorithm is assessed. The predicted temperature and peak load for an occupied zone at each cases are compared. The result applying proposed algorithm shows 33.64 °C at 15 hour and the peak load is 50.92 kW. In case of applying Energy plus, 35.59 °C, 63.93 kW at 16 hour is predicted. For the further research, vertical temperature measurements in large space building will be proceeded. By comparing the measured vertical temperature distribution and predicted temperature in a large space building, the algorithm will be assessed.

ACS Style

Jisoo Shim; Doosam Song. Development of load calculation algorithm for large space building based on RTS method. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2019, 609, 072059 .

AMA Style

Jisoo Shim, Doosam Song. Development of load calculation algorithm for large space building based on RTS method. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2019; 609 (7):072059.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jisoo Shim; Doosam Song. 2019. "Development of load calculation algorithm for large space building based on RTS method." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 609, no. 7: 072059.

Journal article
Published: 19 October 2019 in Building and Environment
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Building airflow is a main factor in indoor air and environmental qualities. In particular, stack-induced airflow can cause indoor environmental problems in high-rise buildings over the winter due to the strong driving force (pressure difference). The goal of this study was to identify the actual characteristics of stack-driven environmental problems in real high-rise residential buildings through a field survey and airflow simulation. We collected the actual resident complaints (140 cases) raised in six high-rise residential buildings in South Korea during three years. The most frequent complaints were airflow noise and drafts at residential entrance doors. Then, by a calibrated airflow simulation, we identified the unknown pressure differences that caused these two problems. Based on the pressure differences, this study could determine problem occurrence rates for noise and drafts depending on given pressure differences. Apart from the existing allowable or reference pressure difference (50 Pa) across doors suggested by ASHRAE and European standards (EN 12101-6), which is related to emergency escape, three reference levels were suggested: (1) tight: 25 Pa, (2) normal: 40 Pa, and (3) loose: 65 Pa. These values were intended to be used as the reference in predicting or solving the stack-driven problems. Finally, we successfully predicted the frequency of these problem occurrences over the winter in a target building, using a coupled airflow and thermal simulation. These results showed the importance of the newly suggested references, 25 Pa or 40 Pa rather than 50 Pa, in identifying the stack-driven airflow noise and draft.

ACS Style

Sungmin Yoon; Doosam Song; Jaehun Kim; Joowook Kim; Hyunwoo Lim; Junemo Koo. Identifying stack-driven indoor environmental problems and associated pressure difference in high-rise residential buildings: Airflow noise and draft. Building and Environment 2019, 168, 106483 .

AMA Style

Sungmin Yoon, Doosam Song, Jaehun Kim, Joowook Kim, Hyunwoo Lim, Junemo Koo. Identifying stack-driven indoor environmental problems and associated pressure difference in high-rise residential buildings: Airflow noise and draft. Building and Environment. 2019; 168 ():106483.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sungmin Yoon; Doosam Song; Jaehun Kim; Joowook Kim; Hyunwoo Lim; Junemo Koo. 2019. "Identifying stack-driven indoor environmental problems and associated pressure difference in high-rise residential buildings: Airflow noise and draft." Building and Environment 168, no. : 106483.

Conference paper
Published: 09 August 2019 in IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
Reads 0
Downloads 0
ACS Style

Sohyun Park; Joowook Kim; Doosam Song. Application of the thermal comfort index as a control logic of VRF system and analysis of its performance by field measurement. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2019, 294, 1 .

AMA Style

Sohyun Park, Joowook Kim, Doosam Song. Application of the thermal comfort index as a control logic of VRF system and analysis of its performance by field measurement. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2019; 294 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sohyun Park; Joowook Kim; Doosam Song. 2019. "Application of the thermal comfort index as a control logic of VRF system and analysis of its performance by field measurement." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 294, no. : 1.