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This paper describes the works on foundation strengthening of the towers of the Cathedral of St. Theresa of Avila in Subotica and the damages caused by these works. Strengthening was performed by means of jacked-in piles and deep soil injection. The construction of the Cathedral began in 1773 and it lasted for several decades with frequent interruptions and changes to the project. The present appearance of the facade was created in 1912. According to historic data, several years after construction, the cracks appeared on the front facade. With time, these cracks became more pronounced, and in 2015, when the remediation project started, the total width of major cracks reached about 15 cm. The first contemporary attempt to repair the towers was made in 2017 by inserting piles beneath the foundations. These works were interrupted due to increased settlements and the appearance of new cracks. In the second attempt, the strengthening was performed by deep injection of soil with expansive resins. During these works, settlements and damages intensified even more, causing the works to be halted in 2018. Analysis of the whole structure and revaluation of all the results, obtained from continuous monitoring of settlements and crack widths from the previous period, led to the new remediation proposal. The imperative was to retain the original appearance of the Cathedral facades while performing the total reconstruction of the upper sections of the front facade. This implies that the overall weight of the reconstructed parts is to be decreased, while the strength is to be increased. Strong structural connections are planned, both among the two towers, and between the towers and the nave. These clear structural solutions will lead to reduced stresses within the existing brick walls, reduced contact soil pressures and ceasing of increased settlements and tilting of the Cathedral towers.
Petar Santrač; Slobodan Grković; Danijel Kukaras; Neđo Đuric; Mila Svilar. Case Study—An Extreme Example of Soil–Structure Interaction and the Damage Caused by Works on Foundation Strengthening. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 5201 .
AMA StylePetar Santrač, Slobodan Grković, Danijel Kukaras, Neđo Đuric, Mila Svilar. Case Study—An Extreme Example of Soil–Structure Interaction and the Damage Caused by Works on Foundation Strengthening. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (11):5201.
Chicago/Turabian StylePetar Santrač; Slobodan Grković; Danijel Kukaras; Neđo Đuric; Mila Svilar. 2021. "Case Study—An Extreme Example of Soil–Structure Interaction and the Damage Caused by Works on Foundation Strengthening." Applied Sciences 11, no. 11: 5201.
The aim of the research presented in this paper is the experimental confirmation of the numerically defined shapes of the Strut-and-Tie models, designed according to the EN 1992-1-1 recommendations, and obtained from the software “ST method”. Three reinforced concrete deep beams with openings were tested. Each of them had the same dimensions and quality of the material characteristics. The specimens, constructed as simply supported beams, were loaded with two concentrated forces and were tested for bending until failure. Each specimen was reinforced with different reinforcement layout determined by variation parameter β, incorporated in the software “ST method”. For the determination of the Strut-and-Tie models, all of the reinforcement layouts were equally favored in the first specimen (β = 1.0 for 0°, 45°, and 90°), only the horizontal direction was favored in the second (β = 1.0 for 0°), while in the third specimen the one at the angle of 45° (β = 1.0 for 45°). Based on the results of experimental research, it was concluded that the behavior of loaded members was in agreement with the proposed shapes of the Strut-and-Tie models that were used for their design, and it was confirmed that the program “ST method” can be used for obtaining Strut–and-Tie models.
Anka Starčev-Ćurčin; Andrija Rašeta; Mirjana Malešev; Danijel Kukaras; Vlastimir Radonjanin; Miloš Šešlija; Drago Žarković. Experimental Testing of Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams Designed by Strut-And-Tie Method. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 6217 .
AMA StyleAnka Starčev-Ćurčin, Andrija Rašeta, Mirjana Malešev, Danijel Kukaras, Vlastimir Radonjanin, Miloš Šešlija, Drago Žarković. Experimental Testing of Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams Designed by Strut-And-Tie Method. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (18):6217.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnka Starčev-Ćurčin; Andrija Rašeta; Mirjana Malešev; Danijel Kukaras; Vlastimir Radonjanin; Miloš Šešlija; Drago Žarković. 2020. "Experimental Testing of Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams Designed by Strut-And-Tie Method." Applied Sciences 10, no. 18: 6217.
Analysis of axially compressed steel members made of cold formed profiles presented in this paper was conducted through both experimental and numerical methods. Numerical analysis was conducted by means of "PAK" finite element software designed for nonlinear static and dynamic analysis of structures. Results of numerical analysis included ultimate bearing capacity with corresponding middle section force-deflection graphs and buckling curves. Extensive experimental investigation were also concentrated on determination of bearing capacity and buckling curves. Experiments were conducted on five series with six specimens each for slenderness values of 50, 70, 90, 110 and 120. Compressed simply supported members were analyzed on Amsler Spherical pin support with unique electronical equipment and software. Besides determination of forcedeflection curves, strains were measured in 18 or 12 cross sections along the height of the members. Analysis included comparisons with results obtained by different authors in this field recently published in international journals. Special attention was dedicated to experiments conducted on high strength and stainless steel members.
Miroslav Besevic; Danijel Kukaras. Experimental - theoretical study of axially compressed cold formed steel profiles. Facta universitatis - series: Architecture and Civil Engineering 2011, 9, 367 -378.
AMA StyleMiroslav Besevic, Danijel Kukaras. Experimental - theoretical study of axially compressed cold formed steel profiles. Facta universitatis - series: Architecture and Civil Engineering. 2011; 9 (3):367-378.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMiroslav Besevic; Danijel Kukaras. 2011. "Experimental - theoretical study of axially compressed cold formed steel profiles." Facta universitatis - series: Architecture and Civil Engineering 9, no. 3: 367-378.