The aim of this paper is to propose ecological thermal insulation materials that meet the goals of sustainability but also fulfill the imposed thermal performance requirements. This paper studies new composite materials based on sheep wool from the perspective of thermal conductivity. The composites were prepared using two types of binder: acrylic-polyurethane resin and natural rubber latex, which were applied to the wool fibres through different methods and percentages. Based on the obtained results of thermal conductivity, two types of samples were selected for further analysis, which aimed to determine the microstructure, chemical composition, water absorption, attack of microorganisms, water vapour permeability, hygrothermal adsorption characteristics and sound absorption of the samples. In order to analyse the variation of thermal conductivity, the following parameters were taken into account: thickness, density, type of binder and percentage of binder. Following the obtained results, it was observed that the value of the thermal conductivity of the samples varies between 0.0324 and 0.0436 W/mK. It was found that all the samples prepared and analysed in this study fulfil the national criteria for the thermal performance of thermal insulation material. After conducting the in-depth analysis of the two selected sample types, it was concluded that both materials have good sound absorption characteristics over the considered frequency range. In addition, as it was expected from the natural fibres, the samples had low resistance against the attack of microorganisms and water-related tests.

The aim of this paper is to propose a novel sandwich panel, which would be suitable for sound absorption and airborne sound insulation, used as applied cladding or independent lightweight partition wall. As far as the authors are concerned, this is the first sheep wool-based sandwich panel using only natural materials. The structure was prepared using hydrated lime-based composite face sheets and a sheep wool-based core. Several parameters of the sandwich panel were determined, including sound absorption coefficient, airborne sound insulation, thermal conductivity, thermal resistance, compressive strength, and bending strength, respectively. The results indicate that the maximum sound absorption value of 0.903 was obtained at the frequency of 524 Hz in the case of the unperforated sample, 0.822 at 536 Hz in the case of the sample with 10% perforations, 0.780 at 3036 Hz in the case of the sample with 20% perforations, and 0.853 at 3200 Hz in the case of the sample with 30% perforations. The registered airborne sound insulation index of the panel was 38 dB. Based on the obtained data, it can be concluded that the studied panel recorded comparable values with other synthetic noise control solutions, which are suitable as applied cladding or an independent lightweight partition wall, with good acoustic properties.

The construction industry’s environmental impact has become a growing concern, largely due to the energy-intensive production of conventional building materials. This paper explores the potential of wood–cement composites as a more sustainable alternative through a comprehensive literature review, including a bibliometric and scientometric analysis of research trends. Our analysis traces the evolution of wood–cement composites from early studies focused on mechanical properties, to recent investigations into their environmental benefits and practical applications. Key findings suggest that optimal performance can be achieved by treating wood with tetraethyl orthosilicate, incorporating additives like cellulose nanocrystals or wollastonite, and using wood from species such as Pinus. While partial cement replacement with wood waste and ash offers significant environmental advantages, precise formulations are needed to maintain structural integrity. This study also acknowledges certain methodological limitations, such as the reliance on keyword-based filtering, which may have excluded some relevant studies. Future research should address long-term durability, economic feasibility, and standardized testing methodologies to facilitate the adoption of wood–cement composites in the construction industry. These materials, particularly suitable for non-structural applications and insulation, hold promise as viable, eco-friendly building solutions capable of reducing the construction industry’s carbon footprint.

There is a growing awareness of the detrimental environmental impact of the construction industry, primarily due to the utilization of building materials that necessitate energy-intensive processes for their production. The objective of this paper is to explore whether mixing wood and cement could serve as a viable solution to mitigate this adverse environmental effect. The data was obtained by extensively investigating the Clarivate Web of Science database, adhering to the PRISMA technique guidelines, and subsequently processed using Bibliometrix and VOSviewer software. An in-depth critical analysis of the literature revealed a heightened interest in this subject matter in recent years, with the focal points evolving from initial experimental endeavors aimed at understanding the behavior of the innovative wood cement composites, primarily in terms of their mechanical properties, to assessing their environmental impact and the advantages associated with their use. The researchers suggest that optimal results can be achieved by treating the wood with tetraethyl orthosilicate, incorporating cellulose nanocrystal particles or wollastonite into the mixture, and utilizing wood from the Pinus species. Furthermore, it was discovered that a noticeable improvement in strength is only attainable if a low percentage of wood, up to 30%, when wood ash is employed. Ongoing research concerning wood and cement composites continues to progress, with regular advancements and breakthroughs, thus offering promising prospects for the development of superior and eco-friendly building materials.

Plant fibres are materials that can increase energy savings, and they are being analysed for their reduced environmental impact. In this paper, three types of multi-layered panels were developed as environmentally friendly flax fibre-based products for building industry applications. The structural build-up of the panels is such that one layer of waste flax fibre was used as the core material in order to reduce the weight of the structure between two rigid perlite-based layers. The perlite was used in three varied grain sizes, resulting in three types of panels (S₁, S₂, S₃). The mechanical, thermal and acoustic properties were recorded for all specimens. The influence of the perlite particles’ size, perforation diameter and perforation percentage of the multi-layered panels on the acoustic absorption properties was analysed and discussed. Summarising the results, the multi-layered composite panel S₃ presented the best performance in regard to compressive strength and thermal conductivity, with S₂ presenting the best bending strength. From the acoustic point of view, for the unperforated panels, the highest values of the sound absorption coefficient were obtained at 500 Hz for S₁, α = 0.95, 315 Hz for S₂, α = 0.89 and 400 Hz for S₃, α = 0.84. The obtained values of the sound absorption coefficients were increased through the varied perforation diameters and percentages of the panels’ front face.

In recent years, noise levels in administrative buildings have been considered one of the main causes of the stress and lack of productivity of employees. Based on the responses collected from a questionnaire survey distributed among companies with an open space configuration and studying the office’s acoustic conditions, from the specialized literature and through the authors’ experience, this study focused on the development of a new green dividing panel with superior sound absorption and acoustic insulation performances. In the experimental part, it was noticed that the presence of plants can influence the acoustic absorption values through their leaves’ conformation and distribution. Additionally, it was observed that the introduction of a coconut fiber layer in the panel led to higher values of the sound absorption coefficients in most of the studied plants. Through the conducted measurements, Tradescantia pallida registered superior values, with sound absorption coefficients with constantly increased values that varied in the range of 0.72–0.98 for the frequency range of 250–3150 Hz. Also, the weighted sound reduction index recorded a superior value of R_w (C; C_tr) = 27 (−1; −4) dB, comparable to other existing solutions.