This article is the result of continuous scientific and research activities of several years of the authors, who are active in the positions of lecturers and research workers at the Faculty of Special Engineering of the University of Žilina in Žilina, Slovakia. Scientific and research activities of the faculty are focused on solving the theoretical basis of crisis and security management, on optimizing the activity of the institutions of crisis and security management within the prevention and solution of crisis phenomena, improvement of complex systems intended for protection of persons as well as property, issues of protection against fires and other specific problems in the section of security of the society as well as of the individual citizens.

States and their cities are at the forefront of efforts to address many of today’s transnational security challenges. States cannot fulfill their basic functions, which include caring for the all-round development of their territory and the needs of its inhabitants, without the existence of critical infrastructure, which can be damaged, destroyed, or disrupted by malicious behavior. The legislation of EU authorities presents methods for improving the crisis management cycle within critical infrastructure protection. However, these methods are not elaborated. Modeling and simulation using software tools enable more accurate decision-making by security managers during the process of designing and evaluating the physical protection systems of critical infrastructure. This article presents a new software solution to the intrusion of unauthorized persons and its potential mathematical extension. The main innovative benefit of this newly created software tool is the possibility of creating more sophisticated attack scenarios using various 2D maps. Mathematical extension model response scenarios are constructed for various types of intruders, allowing more accurate training of defenders, which leads to more effective resource usage. This combination of software and mathematical solutions should allow physical protection system designers to test various intrusion scenarios of critical infrastructure elements.

Currently various methodologies, procedures and software tools are used worldwide for the quantitative assessment of the reliability or effectiveness of the systems for protecting objects evaluating the interaction between the breakthrough resistances and the probabilities of detecting by alarm systems. Their frequent drawback is the fact that currently some concrete values or procedures for acquiring the individual variables are missing, or that these variables do not take into account all the significant influences of the environment. This article defines the possibility of a more complex calculation of one of the basic output quantities, i.e. the cumulative probability of detecting an intruder. Besides the newly defined functional dependences between the input parameters of this output quantity, the article also introduces concrete values of some parameters acquired through experiments (e.g. the probabilities of detecting an intruder by the PIR detector under standard or specific conditions).

The solutions of security problems and crisis situations are accompanied by many specific traits. Some of them are typical for all crisis situations, some of them denote the one singular form of crisis only. One common trait of crisis situations is shortage of time and information which places high demands on managers and decision-makers. Contemporary opinions about the solution of crisis situation concur that those crises produce new dimensions in the organization scene. Demands for people readiness at particular positions and for decision-making process are rising. Therefore the demands on crisis and security managers are rising too, proportionally with the complication of the situation. First part of article includes definition of traits, qualities and skills, which are necessary for effective solution of problems in different fields of security, as well as results of surveys between graduates and employers evaluating their expertise and competencies, as well as contemporary requirements of practice. In second part a new tool is presented (eSEC portal), that allows users (e.g. students, professionals, teachers, researchers) to acquire special competencies in field of security.