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Ms. Javiera Castañeda
Department of Psychology. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.

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0 Natural Disasters
0 Resilience
0 Risk Perception
0 Natural Hazard
0 Social Vulnerability

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Journal article
Published: 30 May 2021 in Sustainability
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Previous studies have reported differences between men and women in the adoption of preventive behaviors against infectious diseases. This study aims to examine gender differences on a set of psychosocial factors shown to influence preventive behaviors against infectious diseases such as COVID-19. We conducted a web survey (N = 1.004) a few weeks after the end of the peak of the first wave of infections in Chile. The survey assessed participants’ perception of risk and worry about the COVID-19 pandemic, confidence in the government’s competence and integrity in dealing with the crisis, attribution of responsibility to various stakeholders, and adoption of preventive behaviors such as hygiene, distancing, and information-seeking. Our results confirm significant gender-based differences for both the psychosocial factors and the adoption of preventive behaviors. We conclude that women show a higher level of worry and fear of the pandemic and are keener to adopt preventive hygiene and social distancing behaviors. Similarly, participants report a low level of trust in government authorities, with women reporting the lowest trust level. The implications of these findings for the design of future risk communication strategies are discussed.

ACS Style

Nicolás Bronfman; Paula Repetto; Paola Cordón; Javiera Castañeda; Pamela Cisternas. Gender Differences on Psychosocial Factors Affecting COVID-19 Preventive Behaviors. Sustainability 2021, 13, 6148 .

AMA Style

Nicolás Bronfman, Paula Repetto, Paola Cordón, Javiera Castañeda, Pamela Cisternas. Gender Differences on Psychosocial Factors Affecting COVID-19 Preventive Behaviors. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (11):6148.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nicolás Bronfman; Paula Repetto; Paola Cordón; Javiera Castañeda; Pamela Cisternas. 2021. "Gender Differences on Psychosocial Factors Affecting COVID-19 Preventive Behaviors." Sustainability 13, no. 11: 6148.

Journal article
Published: 11 May 2021 in Sustainability
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The COVID-19 pandemic forced people worldwide to implement a series of preventive hygiene and distancing measures that have significantly altered their way of life. This study examined an adapted version of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) on adopting preventive behavior against COVID-19. Data was collected using a web survey completed by 1004 college students a few weeks after the first wave of infections in Chile. Our findings show that the subjective norm was the strongest predictor of adopting preventive behaviors, followed by the knowledge level and perceived behavioral control. Contrary to expectations, we found no evidence that an attitude towards preventive action predicted actual adoption of preventive behavior against COVID-19. However, knowledge and social norms play a significant role. We discuss implications for effective risk communication.

ACS Style

Nicolás Bronfman; Paula Repetto; Pamela Cisternas; Javiera Castañeda. Factors Influencing the Adoption of COVID-19 Preventive Behaviors in Chile. Sustainability 2021, 13, 5331 .

AMA Style

Nicolás Bronfman, Paula Repetto, Pamela Cisternas, Javiera Castañeda. Factors Influencing the Adoption of COVID-19 Preventive Behaviors in Chile. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (10):5331.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nicolás Bronfman; Paula Repetto; Pamela Cisternas; Javiera Castañeda. 2021. "Factors Influencing the Adoption of COVID-19 Preventive Behaviors in Chile." Sustainability 13, no. 10: 5331.

Original paper
Published: 21 May 2020 in Natural Hazards
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Understanding the culture of preparedness is essential to improve public policies and programs aimed to promote population preparedness to cope with natural hazards. The present study seeks to explore the influence of experience and sociodemographic variables in different levels of natural disaster preparedness among inhabitants of the Chilean coast. Three domains of preparedness were studied: household, community, and work. Participants were 1504 adults interviewed from representative samples of the coastal cities of Iquique and Concepción. Our main results suggest that direct prior experience and higher frequency of exposure to earthquakes and tsunamis generate a highest level of preparedness. In the same way, middle-aged adults (30–59 years), who live with a partner and those who have higher education and income level, declare having the highest levels of preparedness. On the other hand, our results denote that for each domain of preparedness, different sociodemographic characteristics influence the level of preparedness. Years living in the city and living with a partner represents the most decisive variable for preparedness at the household unit level. As for community preparedness, gender emerges as the most relevant variable. Educational level and income are variables with the greatest impact in workplace preparedness. These results demonstrate the importance of studying and implementing preparedness activities in other contexts such as community and work. Also, strategies should focus on less prepared groups that may be more vulnerable to the effects of natural disasters.

ACS Style

Javiera V. Castañeda; Nicolás C. Bronfman; Pamela C. Cisternas; Paula B. Repetto. Understanding the culture of natural disaster preparedness: exploring the effect of experience and sociodemographic predictors. Natural Hazards 2020, 103, 1881 -1904.

AMA Style

Javiera V. Castañeda, Nicolás C. Bronfman, Pamela C. Cisternas, Paula B. Repetto. Understanding the culture of natural disaster preparedness: exploring the effect of experience and sociodemographic predictors. Natural Hazards. 2020; 103 (2):1881-1904.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Javiera V. Castañeda; Nicolás C. Bronfman; Pamela C. Cisternas; Paula B. Repetto. 2020. "Understanding the culture of natural disaster preparedness: exploring the effect of experience and sociodemographic predictors." Natural Hazards 103, no. 2: 1881-1904.