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Dr. Andrea Scozzari
Institute of Information Science and Technologies, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy

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0 Radiative Transfer
0 Radiometry
0 radar altimetry
0 ocean remote sensing
0 Data-driven modelling of natural processes

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Preprint content
Published: 04 March 2021
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Abstract  After the construction of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD), Nasser Lake (NL)became one of the most challenging hot spots at both local and global level. It is one of the biggest manmade reservoirs in the world and the most important in Egypt. It is created  in the southern part of the Nile River in Upper Egypt after the construction of Aswan High Dam (AHD). The water level in NL might fluctuate between 160 to 182 m above the mean sea level. Monitoring NL  water depth is an expensive and time-consuming activity. This work investigates the possibility to use information from the Sentinel missions to estimate the depth of NL as an inland water body, in the frame of estimating storage variations from satellite measurements. In this preliminary study, we investigated the relationship between the radiance /reflectance of optical imagery from two instruments SLSTR and OLCI instruments hosted by the Sentinel-3A platform and in situ water depth data using the Lyzenga equation. The results  indictaed  that there was a reasonable correlation between Sentinel-3 optical data and in situ water depth data. Also, Heron's formula was used to estimate water storage variations of NL with limited in situ data. In addition, equations governing the relationship between water level and both surface area and water volume were worked out. This study is in the framework of a bilateral project between ASRT of Egypt and CNR of Italy which is still running.

 

Keywords: Sentinel, SLSTR, OLCI, Inland water body, Nasser Lake, Egypt, Water Depth, GERD, AHD, Egypt

ACS Style

Marwa Khairy; Hickmat Hossen; Mohamed Elsahabi; Shenouda Ghaly; Andrea Scozzari; Abdelazim Negm. Feasibility of Using Sentinel-3 in Estimating Lake Nasser Water Depths. 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Marwa Khairy, Hickmat Hossen, Mohamed Elsahabi, Shenouda Ghaly, Andrea Scozzari, Abdelazim Negm. Feasibility of Using Sentinel-3 in Estimating Lake Nasser Water Depths. . 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marwa Khairy; Hickmat Hossen; Mohamed Elsahabi; Shenouda Ghaly; Andrea Scozzari; Abdelazim Negm. 2021. "Feasibility of Using Sentinel-3 in Estimating Lake Nasser Water Depths." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2019 in Science of The Total Environment
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The influence of climate change on the availability and quality of both surface- and ground-water resources is well recognized nowadays. In particular, the mitigation of saline water intrusion mechanisms in coastal aquifers is a recurrent environmental issue. In the case of the Nile delta, the presence of sea level rise and the perspective of other human-induced stressors, such as the next operation of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam, are threats to be taken into account for guaranteeing resilient agricultural practices within the future possible scenarios. Subsurface drainage offers a practical solution to the problem of upward artesian water movement and the simultaneous downward flow of excess irrigation water, to mitigate the salinization in the root zone. Subsurface draining systems can contribute to mitigate the vulnerability to climate change and to the increased anthropic pressure insofar they are able to receive the incremented flow rate due to the foreseen scenarios of sea level rise, recharge and subsidence. This paper introduces a rational design of subsurface drainage systems in coastal aquifers, taking into account the increment of flow in the draining pipes due to future possible conditions of sea level rise, artificial recharge and subsidence within time horizons that are compatible with the expected lifespan of a buried drainage system. The approach proposed in this paper is characterized by the assessment of the incremental flow through the drains as a function of various possible scenarios at different time horizons. Our calculations show that the impact on the discharge into the existing subsurface drainage system under the new foreseen conditions is anything but negligible. Thus, future climate-related scenarios deeply impact the design of such hydraulic structures, and must be taken into account in the frame of the next water management strategies for safeguarding agricultural activities in the Nile delta and in similar coastal contexts.

ACS Style

Ismail Abd-Elaty; Gehan A.H. Sallam; Salvatore Straface; Andrea Scozzari. Effects of climate change on the design of subsurface drainage systems in coastal aquifers in arid/semi-arid regions: Case study of the Nile delta. Science of The Total Environment 2019, 672, 283 -295.

AMA Style

Ismail Abd-Elaty, Gehan A.H. Sallam, Salvatore Straface, Andrea Scozzari. Effects of climate change on the design of subsurface drainage systems in coastal aquifers in arid/semi-arid regions: Case study of the Nile delta. Science of The Total Environment. 2019; 672 ():283-295.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ismail Abd-Elaty; Gehan A.H. Sallam; Salvatore Straface; Andrea Scozzari. 2019. "Effects of climate change on the design of subsurface drainage systems in coastal aquifers in arid/semi-arid regions: Case study of the Nile delta." Science of The Total Environment 672, no. : 283-295.

Journal article
Published: 14 June 2017 in Remote Sensing
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The exploitation of synthetic aperture properties in nadir-looking radars is opening new scenarios in the framework of satellite radar altimetry. Both recent and upcoming missions including Cryosat-2, Sentinel-3, Sentinel-6 and SWOT take benefit from the coherent processing of radar data, aimed at improving range measurements in particular contexts, such as ice, open ocean, coastal zone, and even inland waters. This work investigates the possibilities offered by current and future satellite radar altimetry missions for the study of inland water bodies, probing into the peculiarities of the expected radar returns and their potential usage. In this regard, signals collected by the RA-2 instrument (Radar Altimeter 2) onboard the Envisat mission offer an unprecedented possibility, even with a relatively low pulse repetition frequency, to analyze the peculiarities of actual signals for detecting and ranging small water surfaces. In particular, the RA-2 instrument offers a global archive of Individual Echoes (IEs), collected at the native sampling rate of 1795 Hz, in addition to the 18 Hz data obtained by incoherent averaging, which are typically delivered to the users as standard products. RA-2 shares with future radar platforms such as Sentinel-6 a continuous and interleaved working modality, as was recommended by the scientific community in designing next missions’ requirements. This is a further reason to consider the usage of RA-2 IEs as particularly attractive. Whilst only available for a small percentage of the earth’s surface, sufficient IE data exist to study the height retrieval capability of these echoes, in particular for what concerns small water bodies, where we show that enough coherence is exhibited for focusing relatively narrow surfaces and range them correctly. A peculiar aspect of this work lies in the assumption that most of the returned echoes (in RA-2 IEs) are specular. A theoretical framework is developed according to this assumption, which is validated by investigating real RA-2 data and observing their related specular features. In particular, we discuss how specular echoes are expected to be very common in inland altimetry, and are most often associated with small to medium size lakes and rivers. This paper illustrates the expected electromagnetic behavior of specular water targets by exploiting the classical radar cross-section (RCS) theory for specular surfaces. Results from the model are compared with real IE data in three selected case studies, regarding two rivers of variable width and one flood plain, in order to check different hydrological regimes. The model very closely matches the data in all cases, making the results of this validation activity very promising. In particular, we demonstrate the feasibility of using satellite radar altimetry in rivers much smaller than what was considered possible until now.

ACS Style

Ron Abileah; Andrea Scozzari; Stefano Vignudelli. Envisat RA-2 Individual Echoes: A Unique Dataset for a Better Understanding of Inland Water Altimetry Potentialities. Remote Sensing 2017, 9, 605 .

AMA Style

Ron Abileah, Andrea Scozzari, Stefano Vignudelli. Envisat RA-2 Individual Echoes: A Unique Dataset for a Better Understanding of Inland Water Altimetry Potentialities. Remote Sensing. 2017; 9 (6):605.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ron Abileah; Andrea Scozzari; Stefano Vignudelli. 2017. "Envisat RA-2 Individual Echoes: A Unique Dataset for a Better Understanding of Inland Water Altimetry Potentialities." Remote Sensing 9, no. 6: 605.

Journal article
Published: 27 February 2016 in Remote Sensing
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This article describes an investigation of the new possibilities offered by SAR altimetry compared with conventional altimetry in the detection and characterization of non-ocean targets. We explore the capabilities of the first SAR altimeter installed on the European Space Agency satellite CryoSat-2 for the detection and characterization of ships. We propose a methodology for the detection of anomalous targets in the radar signals, based on the advantages of SAR/Doppler processing over conventional altimetry. A simple metric is proposed for the automatic detection and separation of ship targets; additional geometric considerations are introduced, to assess the compatibility between the structures detected and the actual location and characteristics of the ships observed. A test-case is presented with multiple targets that are confirmed as large vessels cruising in the proximity of a CryoSat-2 track crossing the Alboran Sea (Western Mediterranean). The presence and position of these ships at the time of satellite passage have been corroborated by the data retrieved from the Automatic Information System database. A principal motive for this research is the future altimetry missions that will provide global SAR coverage (e.g., Sentinel-3). This methodology may complement the existing tracking systems, with particular reference to the capability of compiling global statistics based on freely available data.

ACS Style

Jesús Gómez-Enri; Andrea Scozzari; Francesco Soldovieri; Josep Coca; Stefano Vignudelli. Detection and Characterization of Ship Targets Using CryoSat-2 Altimeter Waveforms. Remote Sensing 2016, 8, 193 .

AMA Style

Jesús Gómez-Enri, Andrea Scozzari, Francesco Soldovieri, Josep Coca, Stefano Vignudelli. Detection and Characterization of Ship Targets Using CryoSat-2 Altimeter Waveforms. Remote Sensing. 2016; 8 (3):193.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jesús Gómez-Enri; Andrea Scozzari; Francesco Soldovieri; Josep Coca; Stefano Vignudelli. 2016. "Detection and Characterization of Ship Targets Using CryoSat-2 Altimeter Waveforms." Remote Sensing 8, no. 3: 193.

Book chapter
Published: 11 September 2015 in The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry
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Groundwater is the only source of water supply for some countries in the world and the main source for many other countries. Especially in the European Union and in the United States of America, the role of high-quality groundwater is fundamental for the drinking water supply, and this is true also for some countries in Asia, Africa and Australia. Thus, in a growing number of contexts, safeguarding drinking water supplies is strictly linked with the protection of local groundwater resources. The usage of groundwater for irrigation has also a relevant share in many countries, sometimes contributing to stress the resource. The assessment of groundwater vulnerability and the individuation of potential hazards are thus becoming common and often compelling issues. Given this particular background, this introductory chapter illustrates the motivational framework of this book and outlines its contents.

ACS Style

Andrea Scozzari; Elissavet Dotsika. Introduction. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry 2015, 1 -11.

AMA Style

Andrea Scozzari, Elissavet Dotsika. Introduction. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry. 2015; ():1-11.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andrea Scozzari; Elissavet Dotsika. 2015. "Introduction." The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry , no. : 1-11.

Book chapter
Published: 09 August 2014 in The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry
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This chapter introduces the combined usage of electromagnetic induction and electrical resistivity methods for the assessment of soil pollution at shallow depths, with a particular focus on situations of potential contamination of groundwater. After a brief introduction of the electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and the electromagnetic induction (EMI) techniques, three case studies are presented, dealing with potential threats to groundwater resources, in which the synergic usage of ERT and EMI permitted effective investigations about the contamination status and possible threats.

ACS Style

Yuri Manstein; Andrea Scozzari. Pollution Detection by Electromagnetic Induction and Electrical Resistivity Methods: An Introductory Note with Case Studies. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry 2014, 225 -237.

AMA Style

Yuri Manstein, Andrea Scozzari. Pollution Detection by Electromagnetic Induction and Electrical Resistivity Methods: An Introductory Note with Case Studies. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry. 2014; ():225-237.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yuri Manstein; Andrea Scozzari. 2014. "Pollution Detection by Electromagnetic Induction and Electrical Resistivity Methods: An Introductory Note with Case Studies." The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry , no. : 225-237.

Book chapter
Published: 05 February 2014 in The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry
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Electroanalytical methods are a common tool for the assessment of chemical peculiarities of aqueous solutions. Also, the analysis of water based on optical sensors is a mature field of research, which already led to industrial applications and standard laboratory practices. Nevertheless, scientific literature is still offering new sensor techniques and innovative measurement approaches in both fields. In particular, for fast characterisation of liquids and change detection applications in a continuous monitoring context, the technology of taste sensors based on electrochemical techniques is still witnessing a growing interest. Such devices are often defined as “electronic tongues” or “e-tongues”. In addition, emerging inexpensive and portable devices with optical-sensing capabilities can be used for monitoring applications with a novel approach. This chapter gives an overview of recent techniques developed in both fields and presents several potential applications and case studies that deal with the context of water quality assessment. A brief introduction about the basics of each measurement technology, even if not exhaustive, is also provided.

ACS Style

Corrado Di Natale; Francesca Dini; Andrea Scozzari. Non-conventional Electrochemical and Optical Sensor Systems. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry 2014, 279 -311.

AMA Style

Corrado Di Natale, Francesca Dini, Andrea Scozzari. Non-conventional Electrochemical and Optical Sensor Systems. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry. 2014; ():279-311.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Corrado Di Natale; Francesca Dini; Andrea Scozzari. 2014. "Non-conventional Electrochemical and Optical Sensor Systems." The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry , no. : 279-311.