Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the adoption of e-banking in Colombia, including a comprehensive analysis of consumer trust in this type of transaction and of the impact of the current government policy to promote e-commerce. Design/methodology/approach: An empirical investigation based on the UTAUT2 model collected data from throughout the country to develop 600 online questionnaires. Findings: The proposed model was validated in that the factors hypothesised to build trust in the use of electronic banking were shown to be significant: trust, performance expectancy and effort expectancy had a positive impact on the use of financial websites in Colombia, while government support did not have a significant impact. Research limitations/implications: The study explains the antecedents to trust, as well as the government support variable, and concludes by producing a model that is highly successful in predicting financial customers’ online behaviour. Practical implications: The results can help Colombia’s Government and private banks to further develop trust and other conditions necessary for e-banking. Social implications: Studies on the adoption of electronic banking provide users of these services solutions for their needs. Government policies to support the development of e-banking are not viewed favourably by Colombians. Originality/value: This study is one of the first to present empirical findings on the acceptance of e-banking in Latin America; it further presents a model that integrates the most important variables needed for an analysis of the acceptance of e-banking.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to verify some relationships between entrepreneurial attitude, university environment, entrepreneurial culture and entrepreneurial training, which can be used to promote entrepreneurship among university students.Design/methodology/approach: A sample of 3,005 questionnaires answered by students from ten universities in Colombia was gathered and partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was used for the analysis.Findings: The results show that the more a student perceives an entrepreneurial culture and the more training he or she receives, the more entrepreneurial attitude he or she will have. Also, it was found that entrepreneurial culture has a positive effect on university environment, and the latter has a positive effect on entrepreneurial training.Research limitations/implications: The main limitation of this study was that only ten Colombian universities were sampled; therefore, general inferences cannot be made. Additionally, the variables investigated here may have not accurately measured the full scale of the entrepreneurship programmes in such universities or the way the culture of these institutions had a direct impact on students. Projects such as the Global University Entrepreneurial Spirit Students' Survey (GUESSS), which measure variables related to entrepreneurship at the university level, enable universities to shape their policies around this important topic. This study indicates that universities should offer training in entrepreneurial, problem-solving and communication skills to produce entrepreneurs who can better face current challenges.Originality/value: Other studies have discussed entrepreneurial culture, but they usually deal with university environment, entrepreneurial training and entrepreneurial attitudes separately. This study integrates all these factors and measures the level of interaction between them.

This study aims to identify the evolution, trends and research agenda in city brand research. The methodology used was a science mapping bibliometric and network analysis using both, WoS and Scopus databases, to do a systematic literature review. The results of this analysis resulted in four possible perspectives in the research on city brand: Marketing of city brand, Residents and city brand, Governance of city brand and Economic and social impact of city brand. Like all bibliometric studies, this one has limitations due to its specific methodology, such as the consultation of databases that possibly excluded other studies that could offer a broader panorama, likewise, the analysis network methodology proposed perspectives that they can also be limited and exclusive. This study presents a novelty of the bibliometric analysis tool in the city brand research.

Purpose: There are several studies about the adoption of e-commerce for small-to-medium enterprises (SMEs) that separately, and in a dispersed manner, examine different theoretical approaches. The purpose of this paper is to unify a set of variables to form an integrated model of measurement of the adoption of e-commerce for SMEs.Design/methodology/discussion: Based on an extensive review of empirical studies focused on the adoption of e-commerce in SMEs, a grouped and integrated model of e-commerce among SMEs was constructed. It was built upon the methodology of psychometrics and was subsequently statistically tested for reliability and validity. A broad study has not been carried out. Thus, the small sample size does not allow the estimation of this model’s predictability.Findings: This paper proposes a final model, comprising 14 variables (82 items), grouping the significant effects of e-commerce adoption.Originality/value: This tool is feasible, offering an initial model enabling detailed examination of variables affecting the adoption of e-commerce in SMEs. It contributes significantly to the development of this line of research.

The aim of this paper is to explore the differences between males and females in the acceptance of eWOM information. For this purpose, the Information Acceptance Model (IACM), which addresses the characteristics that are evaluated in the use and attitude towards the use of information and play a role in the purchase decision-making process, as demonstrated in the literature, has been used as a reference. An empirical model, which is expected to be validated from the information collected through an online questionnaire completed by 271 users of social networking sites in Spain, has been used. A structural equation model (SEM) is introduced to calculate the measurement structure of the variables and the relationships between them. This paper provides useful insights into the understanding of the differences in the behaviour of males and females regarding online eWOM, and therefore could imply differentiated online marketing and reputation management activities.

Este estudio explora las diferencias entre compradores y no compradores en la adopción de la intención de compra electrónica en Colombia. Basado en la Teoría Unificada de Aceptación y Uso de la Tecnología (UTAUT), se establece un modelo teórico que incluye cinco variables: Expectativas de Rendimiento, Expectativas de Esfuerzo, Influencia Social, Condiciones Facilitantes y Riesgo. Los resultados empíricos obtenidos de una muestra final de 1.836 encuestas, resaltan la alta importancia de las Expectativas de Rendimiento que puede dar este canal comercial para ambos grupos, así mismo la Influencia Social es otro factor determinante de la compra electrónica. Así mismo, se realizó un estudio exploratorio del efecto moderador del nivel de estudios y nivel socioeconómico para cada grupo, encontrándose fuertes indicios de influencia de estas variables demográficas, lo cual permite suponer como conclusión de gran aporte para este país, que el acceso a la compra electrónica esta relacionada fuertemente con el estatus social.