To realize the self-power of the vehicle micro-sensors, a piezo-electromagnetic hybrid vehicle-mounted energy harvester is proposed to recover the wind and vibration energy generated during driving. This energy harvester includes a flutter piezoelectric energy harvesting structure (FPEH) and an electromagnetic vibration energy harvester structure (EVEH). The combination of the two structures can improve the energy harvesting effect and reduce the cut-in wind speed. The coupled vibration mathematical model is established to predict the output performance of the wind energy harvesting effect. The effects of the different distances between magnets on the output are discussed. And the vibration characteristics of piezoelectric and electromagnetic vibrators are analyzed. Results show that the energy-harvesting effect is the best when the distance between magnets is 30mm. At the same time, the numerical simulation proves that the wind energy harvesting effect of the hybrid structure is better than the classic flutter structure. The experimental verification is carried out, and the experimental results are consistent with the theoretical prediction results, which verified the correctness of the theory. The optimal load of FPEH is 70kΩ , and the optimal load of EVEH is 60Ω. Under these conditions, when the wind speed is 18m/s, the peak output power of FPEH is 14.5mW, and that of EVEH is 31.8mW.

To meet the needs of low-power microelectronic devices for on-site self-supply energy, a galloping piezoelectric–electromagnetic energy harvester (GPEEH) is proposed. It consists of a galloping piezoelectric energy harvester (GPEH) and an electromagnetic energy harvester (EEH), which is installed inside the bluff body of the GPEH. The vibration at the end of the GPEH cantilever drives the magnet to vibrate, so that electromagnetic energy can be captured by cutting off the induced magnetic field lines. The coupling structure is a two-degree-of-freedom motion, which improves the output power of the energy harvester. Based on Hamilton’s variational principle and quasi-static hypothesis, the piezoelectric–electromagnetic vibrated coupling equation is established, and the output characteristics of GPEEH are obtained by the method of numerical simulation. Using the method of numerical simulation, studies a series of parameters on the output performance. when the wind speed is 9 m/s, the effective output power of the GPEEH is compared with the classical galloping piezoelectric energy harvester (CGPEH) who is no magnet. It is found that the output power of GPEEH 121% higher than the output power of CGPEH. Finally, set up an experimental platform, and test and verify. The experimental analysis results show that the simulated output parameter curves are basically consistent with the experimental drawing curves. In addition, when the wind speed is 9 m/s, under the same parameters, the effective output power of the GPEEH is 112.5% higher than that of the CGPEH. The correctness of the model is verified.

To solve the problems of slow detection speed and poor robustness of existing infrared small target detection methods in complex environments, a lightweight detection model MiniIR-net is proposed in this paper. In the MiniIR-net model, to reduce the amount of parameters required for model fitting, a multi-scale target context feature extraction module (TCVE) is proposed to enrich the feature expression of the target. In addition, to improve the feature mapping capability of MiniIR-net, a feature mapping up sampling network by fusing the deep and shallow features is designed. In the process of feature mapping up sampling, the network uses target features with different depths to make up for the loss of target features caused by pooling. It is proved by experiment that the proposed MiniIR-net network is superior to the existing detection methods in detection speed, accuracy and robustness in complex environment. The model size of MiniIR-net is at least 1/260 of the current detection model, and the detection accuracy is improved by at least 5%. The source code of this article can be obtained in https://github.com/yangzhen1252/MiniIR-net.

In order to solve the demand for low-power microcomputers and micro-electro-mechanical system components for continuous energy supply, a magnetic coupling piezoelectric–electromagnetic composite galloping energy harvester (MPEGEH) is proposed. It is composed of a piezoelectric energy harvester (PEH) and an electromagnetic energy harvester (EEH) coupled by magnetic force. The bistable nonlinear magnetic coupling structure improves the output power of the MPEGEH. The advantages and output performance of the MPEGEH are analyzed. The prototype of the energy harvester is made, and the nonlinear output characteristics under different load resistances are analyzed. Through the experiment on the key parameters of the composite energy harvester, it is found that the higher the coupling degree of the two parts of the MPEGEH, the stronger the nonlinear characteristics and the better the output characteristics. The results show that the onset wind velocity and output power of the MPEGEH are better than the classic galloping piezoelectric energy harvester (CGPEH). At the same wind speed, with the increase in the distance d₀ between magnets A and B, the output power of both the PEH and the EEH decreases. When d₀ is 37 mm, the output power of the EEH is the largest. The distance s₀ between magnets B and C has little influence on the output power of the PEH but has a great influence on the EEH. When s₀ is 23 mm, the EEH has the best output characteristics. Compared with the CGPEH, the onset wind velocity is reduced by 28%, and the output power is increased by 136% when the wind speed is 11 m/s.

In order to solve the problem of self-energy supply of vehicle-mounted micro-sensors, bridge detection and some other low-power electronic devices in their working state, a vortex-induced flutter composite nonlinear piezoelectric energy harvester (VFPEH) with symmetrical airfoils on both sides of a cylindrical bluff body is designed. The VFPEH consists of a cantilever beam, a cylindrical bluff body connected to the free end of the cantilever beam, and two airfoil components symmetrically fixed at both ends of the shaft, which enables coupling between vortex-induced vibration and flutter. The airfoil symmetrically arranged on both sides of the cylindrical bluff body induces the cantilever beam to produce bending and torsional composite vibrations at high wind velocities, realizing energy harvest in the two degrees of freedom motion direction, which can effectively improve the output power of the energy harvester. Based on a wind tunnel experimental platform, the effect of key parameters matching impedance and the diameter of the cylindrical bluff body on the output performance of the VFPEH is investigated, together with the output performance of the classical vortex-induced energy harvester (VEH), the flutter energy harvester (FEH) and the VFPEH. The experimental results show that for the VFPEH under a combination of vortex-induced vibrations and flutter vibrations has a better output performance than the VEH and the FEH when using the same size. The coupling of vortex-induced vibration and flutter can reduce the start-up wind velocity of the VFPEH and expand the wind velocity range of the high output power of the VFPEH. The VFPEH has a better output performance at the cylindrical bluff body diameter of 30 mm and a load resistance of 140 kΩ. When the wind velocity range is 2 m/s–15 m/s, the maximum output power of the VFPEH is 6.47 mW, which is 129.4 times and 24.9 times of the maximum output power of the VEH (0.05 mW) and FEH (0.26 mW), respectively.

This paper focuses on the analysis of the stability of the GW17 high-voltage disconnecting switch drive system. Firstly, the optimization model of the disconnector is established, and the simulation analysis is carried out by ADAMS (Automatic Dynamic Analysis of Mechanical Systems) and the simulation results are verified by experiments. Afterwards, ADAMS optimization design and particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) are used to optimize the drive system of the disconnector, and the results are verified on the experimental platform. After optimization, the space rod is reduced by 15 mm, the minimum corner angle of the lower conductive rod is reduced by 71.0%, the minimum folding arm angle is reduced by 88.7% and the maximum force of the ball pair is reduced by 35.7%, which realizes the lightweight of the rod, reduces the wear of the ball pair, and improves the stability of the equipment operation.