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Although there is a growing interest in developing fast charging methods to enhance the Electric Vehicles’ appeal, the main energy supply is still the single-phase outlet. While single-phase charging may be simpler than three-phase, there are challenges in the integration of the propulsion and charging systems without adding inductive grid filters. Such integration would bring benefits like the simplification and reduction of components, costs, volume or weight. This can be achieved by using the windings of the propulsion machine as grid filters, but the use of the electric motor as a grid inductive filter leads to the generation of pulsating torque during the charging state. This translates into vibration, noise and eventually, damage to the motor and other components of the system. In this work, the authors propose a control strategy that considerably reduces the peaks of pulsating torque generated in any rotor position while using the machine wingdings as filter. Simulation tests have been carried out to validate the control strategy, taking into account the system efficiency. Finally, experiments are conducted to prove that the reduction of the torque pulsation is achieved.
Jaime Pando-Acedo; Maria Isabel Milanes-Montero; Enrique Romero-Cadaval; Fernando Briz; Fermin Barrero-Gonzalez. Improved Three-Phase Integrated Charger Converter Connected to Single-Phase Grid With Torque Cancellation. IEEE Access 2021, 9, 108266 -108275.
AMA StyleJaime Pando-Acedo, Maria Isabel Milanes-Montero, Enrique Romero-Cadaval, Fernando Briz, Fermin Barrero-Gonzalez. Improved Three-Phase Integrated Charger Converter Connected to Single-Phase Grid With Torque Cancellation. IEEE Access. 2021; 9 ():108266-108275.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJaime Pando-Acedo; Maria Isabel Milanes-Montero; Enrique Romero-Cadaval; Fernando Briz; Fermin Barrero-Gonzalez. 2021. "Improved Three-Phase Integrated Charger Converter Connected to Single-Phase Grid With Torque Cancellation." IEEE Access 9, no. : 108266-108275.
Microgrids/nanogrids of prosumers must be able to adapt to new business opportunities related to energy trading. Therefore, highly accepted hierarchical control strategies should be modified to allow deliberate energy interchange among prosumers, even when the microgrid they are integrated in, operates islanded. This is the main contribution of this paper, as energy exchange between prosumers is rarely addressed when they are islanded from the main grid. This work proposes a comprehensive hierarchical control strategy for a multibus nanogrid of prosumers, each of them having photovoltaic generation, battery energy storage systems and loads, in such a way that different voltage and power setpoints for each prosumer allow such energy interchange. Power flow inside the nanogrid is controlled to guarantee the technical feasibility of the obtained setpoints. The proposed control strategy is defined and experimentally validated in both islanded and grid-connected modes, by means of a laboratory-scale prototype. In addition, a smooth transition between the two modes is demonstrated. An adequate capability of the power converters to follow setpoints is proved, with acceptable transient behavior.
Eva González-Romera; Carlos Roncero-Clemente; Fermín Barrero-González; María Isabel Milanés-Montero; Enrique Romero-Cadaval. A Comprehensive Control Strategy for Multibus Nanogrids with Power Exchange between Prosumers. IEEE Access 2021, 9, 1 -1.
AMA StyleEva González-Romera, Carlos Roncero-Clemente, Fermín Barrero-González, María Isabel Milanés-Montero, Enrique Romero-Cadaval. A Comprehensive Control Strategy for Multibus Nanogrids with Power Exchange between Prosumers. IEEE Access. 2021; 9 ():1-1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEva González-Romera; Carlos Roncero-Clemente; Fermín Barrero-González; María Isabel Milanés-Montero; Enrique Romero-Cadaval. 2021. "A Comprehensive Control Strategy for Multibus Nanogrids with Power Exchange between Prosumers." IEEE Access 9, no. : 1-1.
Regarding the control of micro- and nanogrids, LC- or LCL-filtered power inverters (acting as interfaces with distributed energy resources such as photovoltaic or wind) commonly perform as grid-forming or grid-supporting units to maintain both the frequency and voltage within pre-set standards. Nevertheless, these power inverters are assumed to be connected at the same point of common coupling directly or via radial feeders; thus, the voltage references are the same for each parallel power inverter, thus requiring a virtual impedance loop. In addition, classic power sharing techniques comply with their individual power rates, and circulating currents among distributed generators are not considered. Under these circumstances, energy trading among prosumers and peer-to-peer contracts is not feasible in autonomous AC micro- and nanogrid operations. This paper proposes a reformulated power flow problem, adapted to autonomous droop-controlled AC microgrids, to be used as a secondary control layer. The entire hierarchical control is implemented and experimentally validated in a laboratory-scale nanogrid with energy storage systems, photovoltaic generators and power converters. The obtained results demonstrate the proper performance of the proposed approach, with successful operation of primary and inner controllers.
Carlos Roncero-Clemente; Eva Gonzalez-Romera; Fermin Barrero-Gonzalez; Maria Isabel Milanes-Montero; Enrique Romero-Cadaval. Power-Flow-Based Secondary Control for Autonomous Droop-Controlled AC Nanogrids With Peer-to-Peer Energy Trading. IEEE Access 2021, 9, 22339 -22350.
AMA StyleCarlos Roncero-Clemente, Eva Gonzalez-Romera, Fermin Barrero-Gonzalez, Maria Isabel Milanes-Montero, Enrique Romero-Cadaval. Power-Flow-Based Secondary Control for Autonomous Droop-Controlled AC Nanogrids With Peer-to-Peer Energy Trading. IEEE Access. 2021; 9 ():22339-22350.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarlos Roncero-Clemente; Eva Gonzalez-Romera; Fermin Barrero-Gonzalez; Maria Isabel Milanes-Montero; Enrique Romero-Cadaval. 2021. "Power-Flow-Based Secondary Control for Autonomous Droop-Controlled AC Nanogrids With Peer-to-Peer Energy Trading." IEEE Access 9, no. : 22339-22350.
Sebastian Rivera; Samir Kouro; Sergio Vazquez; Stefan M. Goetz; Ricardo Lizana; Enrique Romero-Cadaval. Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure -- From Grid to Battery. IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine 2021, PP, 1 .
AMA StyleSebastian Rivera, Samir Kouro, Sergio Vazquez, Stefan M. Goetz, Ricardo Lizana, Enrique Romero-Cadaval. Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure -- From Grid to Battery. IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine. 2021; PP (99):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSebastian Rivera; Samir Kouro; Sergio Vazquez; Stefan M. Goetz; Ricardo Lizana; Enrique Romero-Cadaval. 2021. "Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure -- From Grid to Battery." IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine PP, no. 99: 1.
In this paper, different Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) strategies for operating with a low-switching frequency, a topology that combines Conventional Matrix Converters (CMCs), and Coupled Reactors (CRs) are presented and discussed. The principles of the proposed strategies are first discussed by a conceptual analysis and later validated by simulation. The paper shows how the combination of CMCs and CRs could be of special interest for sharing the current among these converters’ modules, being possible to scale this solution to be a modular system. Therefore, the use of coupled reactors allows one to implement phase shifters that give the solution the ability to generate a stair-case load voltage with the desired power quality even the matrix converters are operated with a low-switching frequency close to the grid frequency. The papers also address how the volume and weight of the coupled reactors decrease with the growth of the fundamental output frequency, making this solution especially appropriate for high power applications that are supplied at high AC frequencies (for example, in airport terminals, where a supply of 400 Hz is required).
Pawel Szczepankowski; Jaroslaw Luszcz; Alexander Usoltsev; Natalia Strzelecka; Enrique Romero-Cadaval. The Conceptual Research over Low-Switching Modulation Strategy for Matrix Converters with the Coupled Reactors. Energies 2021, 14, 675 .
AMA StylePawel Szczepankowski, Jaroslaw Luszcz, Alexander Usoltsev, Natalia Strzelecka, Enrique Romero-Cadaval. The Conceptual Research over Low-Switching Modulation Strategy for Matrix Converters with the Coupled Reactors. Energies. 2021; 14 (3):675.
Chicago/Turabian StylePawel Szczepankowski; Jaroslaw Luszcz; Alexander Usoltsev; Natalia Strzelecka; Enrique Romero-Cadaval. 2021. "The Conceptual Research over Low-Switching Modulation Strategy for Matrix Converters with the Coupled Reactors." Energies 14, no. 3: 675.
This article presents three variants of the Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) for the Double Square Multiphase type Conventional Matrix Converters (DSM-CMC) supplying loads with the open-end winding. The first variant of PWM offers the ability to obtain zero value of the common-mode voltage at the load’s terminals and applies only six switches within the modulation period. The second proposal archives for less Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of the generated load voltage. The third variant of modulation concerns maximizing the voltage transfer ratio, minimizing the number of switching, and the common-mode voltage cancellation. The discussed modulations are based on the concept of sinusoidal voltage quadrature signals, which can be an effective alternative to the classic space-vector approach. In the proposed approach, the geometrical arrangement of basic vectors needed to synthesize output voltages is built from the less number of vectors, which is equal to the number of the matrix converter’s terminals. The PWM duty cycle computation is performed using only a second-order determinant of the voltages coordinate matrix without using trigonometric functions. A new approach to the PWM duty cycles computing and the load voltage synthesis by 5 × 5 and 12 × 12 topologies has been verified using the PSIM simulation software.
Pawel Szczepankowski; Natalia Strzelecka; Enrique Romero-Cadaval. A New Approach to the PWM Modulation for the Multiphase Matrix Converters Supplying Loads with Open-End Winding. Energies 2021, 14, 466 .
AMA StylePawel Szczepankowski, Natalia Strzelecka, Enrique Romero-Cadaval. A New Approach to the PWM Modulation for the Multiphase Matrix Converters Supplying Loads with Open-End Winding. Energies. 2021; 14 (2):466.
Chicago/Turabian StylePawel Szczepankowski; Natalia Strzelecka; Enrique Romero-Cadaval. 2021. "A New Approach to the PWM Modulation for the Multiphase Matrix Converters Supplying Loads with Open-End Winding." Energies 14, no. 2: 466.
This paper describes an example of a solar inverter design based on the quasi-Z-source network taking into account multi-objective optimization. An overview of the solar inverter market is provided. Based on this overview, the specification of the most important parameters of commercial solutions is derived. The target efficiency profile and operation range are selected as the main criteria for the design of a competitive solution. The theoretical losses model is designed for preliminary estimation of efficiency profile at any operation point. Optimal switching frequency range is defined. Active and passive components are selected according to the defined efficiency profile and the switching frequency range. The experimental setup including a pre-industrial prototype is built and tested. Experimental results demonstrate the performance of the solar inverter with different photovoltaic string profiles. Finally, the results and feasibility in the commercial application are discussed, and conclusions are drawn.
Oleksandr Husev; Dmitri Vinnikov; Carlos Roncero-Clemente; Andrii Chub; Enrique Romero-Cadaval. Single-Phase String Solar qZS-based Inverter: Example of Multi-Objective Optimization Design. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 2020, 57, 3120 -3130.
AMA StyleOleksandr Husev, Dmitri Vinnikov, Carlos Roncero-Clemente, Andrii Chub, Enrique Romero-Cadaval. Single-Phase String Solar qZS-based Inverter: Example of Multi-Objective Optimization Design. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 2020; 57 (3):3120-3130.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOleksandr Husev; Dmitri Vinnikov; Carlos Roncero-Clemente; Andrii Chub; Enrique Romero-Cadaval. 2020. "Single-Phase String Solar qZS-based Inverter: Example of Multi-Objective Optimization Design." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 57, no. 3: 3120-3130.
Since most power electronics used in photovoltaic (PV) inverters at commercial and industrial facilities exhibit behavior as non-linear loads from the grid side, these high-power demand installations are expected to have a major impact on the network’s power quality. In an attempt to facilitate their integration into the distribution grid, this paper presents a comprehensive control strategy for Quasi-Z Source T-Type PV inverters inside a facility, which performs active and reactive power control, and harmonic and imbalance compensation at expenses of the spare inverter power capacity. Unlike other approaches, the one proposed here operates properly under distorted and unbalanced grid voltages. The electrical network structure inside a commercial and industrial facility is considered, analyzing the operation of the proposed strategy on three-phase PV inverters. The power topology used has voltage boosting ability, which eliminates the requirement for both an additional DC-DC converter and/or a step-up transformer commonly used in PV inverter systems. The proposed strategy performance is demonstrated on a 50 kW converter model under a disturbed grid environment and changing load conditions.
Fermín Barrero-González; Carlos Roncero-Clemente; María Isabel Milanés-Montero; Eva González-Romera; Enrique Romero-Cadaval; Oleksandr Husev. Quasi-Z Source T-type Power Converter for PV Based Commercial and Industrial Nanogrids with Active Functions Strategy. Electronics 2020, 9, 1233 .
AMA StyleFermín Barrero-González, Carlos Roncero-Clemente, María Isabel Milanés-Montero, Eva González-Romera, Enrique Romero-Cadaval, Oleksandr Husev. Quasi-Z Source T-type Power Converter for PV Based Commercial and Industrial Nanogrids with Active Functions Strategy. Electronics. 2020; 9 (8):1233.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFermín Barrero-González; Carlos Roncero-Clemente; María Isabel Milanés-Montero; Eva González-Romera; Enrique Romero-Cadaval; Oleksandr Husev. 2020. "Quasi-Z Source T-type Power Converter for PV Based Commercial and Industrial Nanogrids with Active Functions Strategy." Electronics 9, no. 8: 1233.
Sensorless control of electrical drives is still a difficult task, especially in the lower speed region. Moreover, when the machine has a low saliency such as in the case of Surface Mounted Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (SMPMSM), high frequency injection techniques are even more challenging. In this paper, an enhanced demodulation algorithm for the sensorless control of a SMPMSM is proposed. The new scheme uses the high frequency injection in the Synchronous Reference Frame (SRF) and employs also the negative sequence content of the measured current for improved accuracy. This allows an improved performance with a lower amplitude of the injected signal, thus reducing the noise and additional losses in the motor. It is found that, by using both components with the algorithm developed the estimation ripple can be greatly reduced and the system can operate properly with a voltage injection of only 2.17% of the rated motor voltage, which is lower than most found in the literature, specially for low saliency machines. Simulations tests are carried out for the validation of the proposed method and experimental results in a 6.7 kW SMPMSM confirm its usefulness and correct operation with a reduced voltage injection, both in no-load and load conditions, for different low speeds, including start-up.
Jaime Pando-Acedo; Enrique Romero-Cadaval; Maria Isabel Milanes-Montero; Fermin Barrero-Gonzalez. Improvements on a Sensorless Scheme for a Surface-Mounted Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Using Very Low Voltage Injection. Energies 2020, 13, 2732 .
AMA StyleJaime Pando-Acedo, Enrique Romero-Cadaval, Maria Isabel Milanes-Montero, Fermin Barrero-Gonzalez. Improvements on a Sensorless Scheme for a Surface-Mounted Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Using Very Low Voltage Injection. Energies. 2020; 13 (11):2732.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJaime Pando-Acedo; Enrique Romero-Cadaval; Maria Isabel Milanes-Montero; Fermin Barrero-Gonzalez. 2020. "Improvements on a Sensorless Scheme for a Surface-Mounted Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Using Very Low Voltage Injection." Energies 13, no. 11: 2732.
From the electrical energy point of view, the smart community (SC) concept is meant to be as a sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative to the classical configuration. The SC includes small-scale renewable energy sources (RES) and small-scale energy storage system (ESS). The SC energy management system acts as an aggregator, aiming to assure benefits for community stakeholders. These trends led to the energy routers (ERs) concept. This study proposes and describes the control strategies for these ERs to contribute to the SC goals. The approach of these strategies increases the RES adjustability, contributing to maintain the ESS state of health. The ER is able to operate simultaneously with active and reactive power control, besides compensating SC grid voltage imbalances, and providing ancillary services to the SC. The proposed control strategies are validated by simulations and experiments.
Carlos Roncero‐Clemente; Nuno Vilhena; Vasco Delgado‐Gomes; Enrique Romero‐Cadaval; João F. Martins. Control and operation of a three‐phase local energy router for prosumers in a smart community. IET Renewable Power Generation 2020, 14, 560 -570.
AMA StyleCarlos Roncero‐Clemente, Nuno Vilhena, Vasco Delgado‐Gomes, Enrique Romero‐Cadaval, João F. Martins. Control and operation of a three‐phase local energy router for prosumers in a smart community. IET Renewable Power Generation. 2020; 14 (4):560-570.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarlos Roncero‐Clemente; Nuno Vilhena; Vasco Delgado‐Gomes; Enrique Romero‐Cadaval; João F. Martins. 2020. "Control and operation of a three‐phase local energy router for prosumers in a smart community." IET Renewable Power Generation 14, no. 4: 560-570.
Energy efficiency and consumers’ role in the energy system are among the strategic research topics in power systems these days. Smart grids (SG) and, specifically, microgrids, are key tools for these purposes. This paper presents a three-stage strategy for energy management in a prosumer nanogrid. Firstly, energy monitoring is performed and time-space compression is applied as a tool for forecasting energy resources and power quality (PQ) indices; secondly, demand is managed, taking advantage of smart appliances (SA) to reduce the electricity bill; finally, energy storage systems (ESS) are also managed to better match the forecasted generation of each prosumer. Results show how these strategies can be coordinated to contribute to energy management in the prosumer nanogrid. A simulation test is included, which proves how effectively the prosumers’ power converters track the power setpoints obtained from the proposed strategy.
Eva González-Romera; Enrique Romero-Cadaval; Joaquín Garrido-Zafra; Olivia Florencias-Oliveros; Mercedes Ruiz-Cortés; Antonio Moreno-Munoz; Juan-José González-De-La-Rosa. Demand and Storage Management in a Prosumer Nanogrid Based on Energy Forecasting. Electronics 2020, 9, 363 .
AMA StyleEva González-Romera, Enrique Romero-Cadaval, Joaquín Garrido-Zafra, Olivia Florencias-Oliveros, Mercedes Ruiz-Cortés, Antonio Moreno-Munoz, Juan-José González-De-La-Rosa. Demand and Storage Management in a Prosumer Nanogrid Based on Energy Forecasting. Electronics. 2020; 9 (2):363.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEva González-Romera; Enrique Romero-Cadaval; Joaquín Garrido-Zafra; Olivia Florencias-Oliveros; Mercedes Ruiz-Cortés; Antonio Moreno-Munoz; Juan-José González-De-La-Rosa. 2020. "Demand and Storage Management in a Prosumer Nanogrid Based on Energy Forecasting." Electronics 9, no. 2: 363.
Several main methodologies are used to estimate the core power loss (CPL) in magnetic components. One group is based in the Steinmetz equation (The modified one, the generalized one and the natural equations are the principals). Another one is the separation of losses between hysteresis, eddy current and excess losses. The third group is based mathematical-empirical hysteresis models and the last one is based on the magnetization process. These approaches need a prior test or analysis to calculate the CPL. Tests are usually expensive, or the number of needed tests is excessive for the component design process. 2D analyses are not enough for some magnetic components due to their lack of symmetries. Toroidal core components are ones of the most common components in transformers and power converters. They do not have symmetries in the magnetic field distribution and only 3D models are satisfactory to take into account all the effects and phenomena. An extensive study of 3D model finite element analysis was developed to determine the main losses in magnetic components core, the hysteresis and eddy current losses. A new methodology is presented, per-unit CPL (considering only Hysteresis and Eddy Current Losses) that permits analyzing the impact of the involved factors separately. The proposed per-unit CPL allows the definition of a new equation for determining hysteresis and eddy current losses using only the geometrical and material parameters (core and coils) used to estimate the total CPL.
Jorge Rafael Gonzalez-Teodoro; Enrique Romero-Cadaval; Rafael Asensi. Per-Unit Hysteresis and Eddy Loss Method Based on 3D Finite Elements for Non-Symmetric Toroidal Magnetic. IEEE Access 2020, 8, 34919 -34928.
AMA StyleJorge Rafael Gonzalez-Teodoro, Enrique Romero-Cadaval, Rafael Asensi. Per-Unit Hysteresis and Eddy Loss Method Based on 3D Finite Elements for Non-Symmetric Toroidal Magnetic. IEEE Access. 2020; 8 (99):34919-34928.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJorge Rafael Gonzalez-Teodoro; Enrique Romero-Cadaval; Rafael Asensi. 2020. "Per-Unit Hysteresis and Eddy Loss Method Based on 3D Finite Elements for Non-Symmetric Toroidal Magnetic." IEEE Access 8, no. 99: 34919-34928.
It is usual in literature that power sharing among grid-forming sources of an isolated microgrid obeys their energy rating, instead of economic agreements between stakeholders, and circulating energy among them is usually avoided. However, these energy interchanges make strong sense and classical power sharing methods must be reformulated in the context of prosumer-based microgrids. This paper proposes a secondary control method for a prosumer-based low-voltage nanogrid that allows for energy interchange between prosumers, where storage systems, together with PV generators, are the controllable grid-forming sources. A power flow technique adapted to islanded microgrids is used for secondary control algorithm and the whole hierarchical control strategy for the prosumer converter is simulated and validated. This hierarchical control consists of three stages: tertiary control plans the energy interchange among prosumers, secondary obtains different voltage and power setpoints for each of the grid-forming sources, and, finally, primary control guarantees stable voltage and frequency values within the nanogrid with droop rules. Inner control loops for the power converter are also defined to track setpoints and assure stable performance. Simulation tests are carried out, which prove the stability of the proposed methods and the accuracy of the setpoint tracking.
Eva González-Romera; Enrique Romero-Cadaval; Carlos Roncero-Clemente; Mercedes Ruiz-Cortés; Fermín Barrero-González; María-Isabel Milanés Montero; Antonio Moreno-Muñoz. Secondary Control for Storage Power Converters in Isolated Nanogrids to Allow Peer-to-Peer Power Sharing. Electronics 2020, 9, 140 .
AMA StyleEva González-Romera, Enrique Romero-Cadaval, Carlos Roncero-Clemente, Mercedes Ruiz-Cortés, Fermín Barrero-González, María-Isabel Milanés Montero, Antonio Moreno-Muñoz. Secondary Control for Storage Power Converters in Isolated Nanogrids to Allow Peer-to-Peer Power Sharing. Electronics. 2020; 9 (1):140.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEva González-Romera; Enrique Romero-Cadaval; Carlos Roncero-Clemente; Mercedes Ruiz-Cortés; Fermín Barrero-González; María-Isabel Milanés Montero; Antonio Moreno-Muñoz. 2020. "Secondary Control for Storage Power Converters in Isolated Nanogrids to Allow Peer-to-Peer Power Sharing." Electronics 9, no. 1: 140.
Based on the assumption that vehicles served by petrol stations will be replaced by Electric Vehicles (EV) in the future, EV public charging station facilities, with off-board fast chargers, will be progressively built. The power demand of these installations is expected to cause great impact on the grid, not only in terms of peak power demanded but also in terms of power quality, because most battery chargers behave as non-linear loads. This paper presents the proposal of a novel comprehensive global control strategy for the power electronic converters associated with bidirectional three-phase EV off-board fast chargers. The Charging Station facility Energy Management System (CS-EMS) sends to each individual fast charger the active and reactive power setpoints. Besides, in case the charger has available capacity, it is assigned to compensate a fraction of the harmonic current demanded by other loads at the charging facility. The proposed approach works well under distorted and unbalanced grid voltages. Its implementation results in improvement in the power quality of each fast charger, which contributes to improvement in the power quality at the charging station facility level, which can even provide ancillary services to the distribution network. Simulation tests are conducted, using a 100 kW power electronic converter model, under different load and grid conditions, to validate the effectiveness and the applicability of the proposed control strategy.
Fermín Barrero-González; María Isabel Milanés-Montero; Eva González-Romera; Enrique Romero-Cadaval; Carlos Roncero-Clemente. Control Strategy for Electric Vehicle Charging Station Power Converters with Active Functions. Energies 2019, 12, 3971 .
AMA StyleFermín Barrero-González, María Isabel Milanés-Montero, Eva González-Romera, Enrique Romero-Cadaval, Carlos Roncero-Clemente. Control Strategy for Electric Vehicle Charging Station Power Converters with Active Functions. Energies. 2019; 12 (20):3971.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFermín Barrero-González; María Isabel Milanés-Montero; Eva González-Romera; Enrique Romero-Cadaval; Carlos Roncero-Clemente. 2019. "Control Strategy for Electric Vehicle Charging Station Power Converters with Active Functions." Energies 12, no. 20: 3971.
The boost feature that characterizes Z-source and quasi-Z-source converters is usually achieved by means of a proper insertion of short-circuit states in the full DC-link. In this work, a novel pulse width modulation carrier-based strategy for a three-phase, three-level T-type, quasi-Z-source inverter is introduced, based on the addition of alternate short-circuits in the two halves of the DC-link bus. This technique achieves better performance, less electromagnetic interference, and lower harmonic distortion of the output line-to-line voltage compared to the traditional methods based on the full DC-link shoot-through. At the same time, generating the switching states is to easy implement. The proposed strategy permits the use of electronic devices with lower blocking voltage capability, thus improving converter reliability, size, and cost. The new method may be implemented in another multilevel inverter with an impedance-source network as well. A comprehensive simulation study is performed in order to validate the adopted method, with different inverter input voltages, which is taken as representative of a photovoltaic array. Comparisons are conducted with conventional strategy insertions using the same topology in order to show the improvements achieved.
Fermín Barrero-González; Carlos Roncero-Clemente; María Isabel Milanés-Montero; Eva González-Romera; Enrique Romero-Cadaval; Oleksandr Husev; V. Fernão Pires. Improvements on the Carrier-Based Control Method for a Three-Level T-Type, Quasi-Impedance-Source Inverter. Electronics 2019, 8, 677 .
AMA StyleFermín Barrero-González, Carlos Roncero-Clemente, María Isabel Milanés-Montero, Eva González-Romera, Enrique Romero-Cadaval, Oleksandr Husev, V. Fernão Pires. Improvements on the Carrier-Based Control Method for a Three-Level T-Type, Quasi-Impedance-Source Inverter. Electronics. 2019; 8 (6):677.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFermín Barrero-González; Carlos Roncero-Clemente; María Isabel Milanés-Montero; Eva González-Romera; Enrique Romero-Cadaval; Oleksandr Husev; V. Fernão Pires. 2019. "Improvements on the Carrier-Based Control Method for a Three-Level T-Type, Quasi-Impedance-Source Inverter." Electronics 8, no. 6: 677.
This paper presents a comprehensive analytical comparison of the impedance-source-based dc-dc and dc-ac converters in terms of the passive component count and size, semiconductor stress, and range of input voltage variation. The conventional solution with a boost converter was considered as a reference value. The main criterion of the comprehensive comparison was the energy stored in the passive elements, which was considered both under a constant and predefined high frequency current ripple in the inductors and the voltage ripple across the capacitors. Main impedance-source converters with or without a transformer and with or without inductor coupling were analyzed. Dc-dc and dc-ac applications were considered. Selective simulation results along with experimental verification are shown. The conclusions provide a selection guide of impedance-source networks for different applications taking into account its advantages and disadvantages.
Oleksandr Husev; Tatiana Shults; Dmitri Vinnikov; Carlos Roncero-Clemente; Enrique Romero-Cadaval; Andrii Chub. Comprehensive Comparative Analysis of Impedance-Source Networks for DC and AC Application. Electronics 2019, 8, 405 .
AMA StyleOleksandr Husev, Tatiana Shults, Dmitri Vinnikov, Carlos Roncero-Clemente, Enrique Romero-Cadaval, Andrii Chub. Comprehensive Comparative Analysis of Impedance-Source Networks for DC and AC Application. Electronics. 2019; 8 (4):405.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOleksandr Husev; Tatiana Shults; Dmitri Vinnikov; Carlos Roncero-Clemente; Enrique Romero-Cadaval; Andrii Chub. 2019. "Comprehensive Comparative Analysis of Impedance-Source Networks for DC and AC Application." Electronics 8, no. 4: 405.
The proliferation of residential photovoltaic (PV) prosumers leads to detrimental impacts on the low-voltage (LV) distribution network operation such as reverse power flow, voltage fluctuations and voltage imbalances. This is due to the fact that the strategies for the PV inverters are usually designed to obtain the maximum energy from the panels. The most recent approach to these issues involves new inverter-based solutions. This paper proposes a novel comprehensive control strategy for the power electronic converters associated with PV installations to improve the operational performance of a four-wire LV distribution network. The objectives are to try to balance the currents demanded by consumers and to compensate the reactive power demanded by them at the expense of the remaining converters’ capacity. The strategy is implemented in each consumer installation, constituting a decentralized or distributed control and allowing its practical implementation based on local measurements. The algorithms were tested, in a yearly simulation horizon, on a typical Portuguese LV network to verify the impact of the high integration of the renewable energy sources in the network and the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed approach.
Fermín Barrero-González; Victor Fernão Pires; José L. Sousa; João F. Martins; María Isabel Milanés-Montero; Eva González-Romera; Enrique Romero-Cadaval. Photovoltaic Power Converter Management in Unbalanced Low Voltage Networks with Ancillary Services Support. Energies 2019, 12, 972 .
AMA StyleFermín Barrero-González, Victor Fernão Pires, José L. Sousa, João F. Martins, María Isabel Milanés-Montero, Eva González-Romera, Enrique Romero-Cadaval. Photovoltaic Power Converter Management in Unbalanced Low Voltage Networks with Ancillary Services Support. Energies. 2019; 12 (6):972.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFermín Barrero-González; Victor Fernão Pires; José L. Sousa; João F. Martins; María Isabel Milanés-Montero; Eva González-Romera; Enrique Romero-Cadaval. 2019. "Photovoltaic Power Converter Management in Unbalanced Low Voltage Networks with Ancillary Services Support." Energies 12, no. 6: 972.
Microgrids of prosumers are a trendy approach within the smart grid concept, as a way to increase distributed renewable energy penetration within power systems in an efficient and sustainable way. Single prosumer individual management has been previously discussed in literature, usually based on economic profit optimization. In this paper, two novel approaches are proposed: firstly, a different objective function, relative to the mismatch between generated and demanded power, is tested and compared to classical objective function based on energy price, by means of a genetic algorithm method; secondly, this optimization procedure is applied to batteries’ coordinated scheduling of all the prosumers composing a community, instead of single one, which better matches the microgrid concept. These approaches are tested on a microgrid with two household prosumers, in the context of Spanish regulation for self-consumption. Results show noticeably better performance of mismatch objective function and coordinated schedule, in terms of self-consumption and self-sufficiency rates, power and energy interchanges with the main grid, battery degradation and even economic benefits.
Eva González-Romera; Mercedes Ruiz-Cortés; María-Isabel Milanés-Montero; Fermín Barrero-González; Enrique Romero-Cadaval; Rui Amaral Lopes; João Martins. Advantages of Minimizing Energy Exchange Instead of Energy Cost in Prosumer Microgrids. Energies 2019, 12, 719 .
AMA StyleEva González-Romera, Mercedes Ruiz-Cortés, María-Isabel Milanés-Montero, Fermín Barrero-González, Enrique Romero-Cadaval, Rui Amaral Lopes, João Martins. Advantages of Minimizing Energy Exchange Instead of Energy Cost in Prosumer Microgrids. Energies. 2019; 12 (4):719.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEva González-Romera; Mercedes Ruiz-Cortés; María-Isabel Milanés-Montero; Fermín Barrero-González; Enrique Romero-Cadaval; Rui Amaral Lopes; João Martins. 2019. "Advantages of Minimizing Energy Exchange Instead of Energy Cost in Prosumer Microgrids." Energies 12, no. 4: 719.
This paper introduces a single-phase three-level neutral-point clamped quasi-Z-source inverter with battery storage and active power decoupling (APD) function. Main focus is on the tuning process of the digital control system of the investigated topology by taking into account digital delay caused by digital realization. The results of our approach are validated by simulation.
Elena Makovenko; Oleksandr Husev; Enrique Romero-Cadaval; Dmitri Vinnikov; Serhii Stepenko. Single-Phase Three-Level qZ-Source Inverter Connected to the Grid with Battery Storage and Active Power Decoupling Function. 2018 IEEE 59th International Scientific Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering of Riga Technical University (RTUCON) 2018, 1 -6.
AMA StyleElena Makovenko, Oleksandr Husev, Enrique Romero-Cadaval, Dmitri Vinnikov, Serhii Stepenko. Single-Phase Three-Level qZ-Source Inverter Connected to the Grid with Battery Storage and Active Power Decoupling Function. 2018 IEEE 59th International Scientific Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering of Riga Technical University (RTUCON). 2018; ():1-6.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElena Makovenko; Oleksandr Husev; Enrique Romero-Cadaval; Dmitri Vinnikov; Serhii Stepenko. 2018. "Single-Phase Three-Level qZ-Source Inverter Connected to the Grid with Battery Storage and Active Power Decoupling Function." 2018 IEEE 59th International Scientific Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering of Riga Technical University (RTUCON) , no. : 1-6.
Integration of renewable energy sources, active role of consumers and energy management systems are currently among research priorities in energy systems. This paper proposes an innovative coordinated energy scheduling for a microgrid of neighbor prosumers with different consumption patterns. All prosumers have photovoltaic generation systems, Li-ion batteries as energy storage systems and regular household loads. A genetic algorithm is used to schedule each prosumer's battery charge/discharge, with the aim of reducing energy exchange losses by minimizing the power in the point of interconnection of the microgrid with the main grid, with several advantages compared to classical optimization objectives, and without worsening battery lifespan degradation. Individual and coordinated strategies are compared and self-consumption and self-sufficiency of the prosumers' set are evaluated with the aim of showing the advantage of coordination. The paper concludes that coordinated operation can contribute to improve the exploitation of energy resources in the prosumer microgrid, reducing the amount of energy interchanged with the distribution grid by approximately 13%, and, at the same time, avoiding increasing the battery cycling and consequent degradation.
Mercedes Ruiz-Cortes; Eva Gonzalez-Romera; Rui Amaral-Lopes; Enrique Romero-Cadaval; João Martins; Maria Isabel Milanes-Montero; Fermin Barrero-Gonzalez. Optimal Charge/Discharge Scheduling of Batteries in Microgrids of Prosumers. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion 2018, 34, 468 -477.
AMA StyleMercedes Ruiz-Cortes, Eva Gonzalez-Romera, Rui Amaral-Lopes, Enrique Romero-Cadaval, João Martins, Maria Isabel Milanes-Montero, Fermin Barrero-Gonzalez. Optimal Charge/Discharge Scheduling of Batteries in Microgrids of Prosumers. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion. 2018; 34 (1):468-477.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMercedes Ruiz-Cortes; Eva Gonzalez-Romera; Rui Amaral-Lopes; Enrique Romero-Cadaval; João Martins; Maria Isabel Milanes-Montero; Fermin Barrero-Gonzalez. 2018. "Optimal Charge/Discharge Scheduling of Batteries in Microgrids of Prosumers." IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion 34, no. 1: 468-477.