In the context of growing demand for road infrastructure expansion, sustainability is of key importance. Enhancing road construction technology ensures efficient, durable transportation infrastructure, vital for economic growth. Responsible road construction, especially in areas of historical and environmental significance, is essential. Preserving ecosystems and local heritage in road planning protects valuable areas and supports regional sustainability. Rural roads, often in forested areas, should maintain natural aesthetics. Economic challenges require flexible, efficient roads. Many existing unpaved roads, especially in rural and forest environments, fail to meet increasing traffic and load of heavy agricultural and maintenance vehicles. Soil stabilization methods, discussed in various publications, offer sustainable solutions. Research on ecofriendly binding additives provides the opportunity to reduce cement consumption and CO₂ emissions. Such innovations enhance road efficiency, reduce maintenance costs, and benefit the environment. Investing in modern road technologies mitigates climate change effects by reducing emissions and protecting ecosystems. Our research indicates that soil stabilization technologies significantly improve road strength and durability. Additives can increase compressive strength by over 50% with minimal cement content. Continued research into road quality and durability is vital for sustainable transport infrastructure development. The results presented in this paper were obtained after two periods of solidification: after 7 and 30 days, with three types of ads (ion-exchangeable, chemical, and polymeric) to cement. In all tests, compaction strength improved by at least 35% in samples with the lowest cement content.

The main task of the operation of engineering structures is to ensure the stability of structures with aggressive external influences, which have a complex probabilistic nature. The reliable functioning of bridge structures requires the development and application of modern systems for inspection and assessment of the technical condition of the structure to take timely measures to ensure the safe operation of the structure in changing operating conditions. With the rapid development of AI, modern approaches are increasingly adopted, offering distinct advantages compared to classical methods. The article aims to develop an AI-based model for quantifying the technical condition of bridge structural components based on data obtained from the survey. To achieve this goal, the authors analyzed existing approaches to the inspection and assessment of bridges and studied the experience of using AI in bridge assessment. Based on the Polish Principles of Bridge Technical Condition Assessment, three datasets were formed to quantify the condition of the bridge components made from reinforced concrete: bridge deck, span structures, and piers and abutments. This study created and compared the performance of five AI-based models: XGBoost, Decision Trees, Random Forest, Support Vector Regression, and Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). The initial comparison revealed relatively low performance across all models, with the ANN model showing a slight advantage. Subsequently, nine ANN models were optimized to achieve higher performance levels. The performance of models was conducted based on a comparison of mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and R² metrics. The ANN model with ReLU activation functions for hidden layers and the RMSprop optimizer achieves optimal performance at 100 epochs (MAPE = 3.5%; R² = 0.994). The practical implementation of such a model can considerably reduce uncertainties stemming from subjective expert judgments and enhance the accuracy of assessments.

This paper examines the effectiveness of sustainable warehouse design with regard to fire regulations and costs. When designing industrial facilities, the high risk of fire during their subsequent operation must be considered. Therefore, in this article, the variant analysis in terms of cost and technological, sustainable solutions for the investment in the “design and build” system were subjected to fire protection installation systems for three variants with different fire zones. During the modelling, the impact of the fire zone on the spread of smoke, temperature changes at a selected point above the fire source, and visibility were examined. Numerical analyses showed differences in the degree of smoke spread for variants I, II, and III without any relevant impact on the effectiveness of evacuation. The division of the hall into a larger number of fire zones reduces the effects of a potential fire. This study highlights that the cost of the investment is vastly influenced by the conditions of fire protection and evacuation.

Almost every civil engineering project involves heavy construction equipment to create earthworks. This in turn is connected with carbon dioxide emissions, which are hazardous to the environment, especially in densely populated areas. Strict control and regulation of emissions from construction equipment has already been introduced in Hong Kong. This paper presents the results of several years of field research on the performance of construction equipment (excavators). The comparative analysis concerns the data obtained during a field survey in relation to the outlays proposed in the catalogues of material outlays commonly used in Poland (KNR catalogues.) The presented problem fills in the gaps in research on the performance of construction equipment. The results of the study clearly show the discrepancy between theoretical data from the KNR and the actual use of construction equipment during the construction of underground sanitary networks. Apart from the excessive consumption of diesel fuel, sequentially increased CO₂ emissions occur. The presented research results allow for the development of an innovative method for the optimal use of heavy construction equipment, thus reducing CO₂ emissions. This study is a continuation of a pilot study conducted by the staff of the Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Science.

The construction industry is increasingly exploring alternatives to natural aggregates, driven by sustainability concerns and landfill waste reduction. Blast furnace slag, a byproduct of steel manufacturing, exemplifies this shift, serving as a substitute aggregate or concrete additive. This transition supports the circular economy principle, where yesterday’s waste transforms into today’s resources. Key to this practice is the precise determination of material parameters, which vary depending on their origin. Among these, the filtration coefficient is critical, affecting the performance of anthropogenic aggregates in construction and infrastructure. It indicates how well materials transmit water, a factor vital for structural integrity. Machine Learning (ML) presents a promising tool for estimating such parameters efficiently. This paper explores various ML techniques for predicting the filtration coefficient, comparing their effectiveness and examining the impact of the physical properties of aggregates on model accuracy. Through this approach, the paper aims to identify the most suitable methods for parameter estimation, which could enhance the durability and stability of constructions that utilize recycled materials. This research not only contributes to the field of civil engineering but also advances sustainable practices within the industry.

Podczas realizacji przedsięwzięć budowlanych może nastąpić konieczność wprowadzenia zmian w zakresie zatwierdzonego projektu budowlanego. Konieczność ta może wynikać z sytuacji zastanej w terenie bądź indywidualnych preferencji inwestora. Wszystkie zmiany są następnie wykazywane w końcowym oświadczeniu kierownika budowy i kolejno weryfikowane przez właściwy inspektorat nadzoru budowlanego. Celem artykułu jest analiza przedsięwzięć budowlanych w zakresie zmian technicznych zachodzących w trakcie realizacji inwestycji. Kwerendzie poddano bazę danych, która została pozyskana z Powiatowego Inspektoratu Nadzoru Budowlanego. W takcie badania wskazano, jakie zmiany są najczęściej wprowadzane w trakcie realizacji przedsięwzięć budowlanych. Sklasyfikowano je z podziałem na rodzaje inwestycji oraz dokonano ich identyfikacji w zakresie istotności w kontekście ustawy Prawo budowlane.