This paper introduces the concept of inductors asymmetric input voltage to derive a new high voltage gain converter. The proposed converter has continuous input, positive output, and high-power density features suitable for renewable energy applications. The operating principle, steady-state performance, practical voltage gain, small-signal analysis, and efficiency of the converter are presented in this work. A comprehensive comparison is made with the high voltage gain converters available in literature in terms of component count, voltage gain, effectiveness index, voltage and current stress on the power devices, per unit switching device rating, and other features like output polarity and availability of common ground. The proposed topology possesses a higher effectiveness index and lower switching device power rating (SDP), resulting in a good form factor. To validate the performance of the proposed converter, the experiments are conducted on the 150 W laboratory prototype, and corresponding results are presented in this work.

This work has adopted the concept of asymmetric inductor magnetization to develop a new quadratic converter with the advantages like a wide range quadratic voltage gain and low source current ripple. In addition, the proposed high quadratic converter has achieved reduced voltage stress due to the presence of switched capacitor cell at the output side. Initially, the operation of the converter and steady-state analysis, including efficiency calculations, are explained. In addition, the design and selection of converter components are presented along with a small-signal analysis. Further, a comprehensive comparison with recent high quadratic gain converters is presented. The comparison is made with regard to the total component count, voltage conversion ratio, effectiveness index, electric stress, current ripple, switching device power (SDP) rating, and input current ripple factor. Furthermore, the 150 W laboratory prototype is used to verify the performance of the proposed converter in terms of operation, dynamic response, and efficiency, and the corresponding experimental findings are reported. The wide range voltage gain, low current ripple, and low electric stress features of the proposed converter highlight its superiority in fuel cell electric vehicle applications.

Generating higher voltage levels with fewer power electronic components and fault tolerance is a challenging issue for multilevel inverters (MLIs). In this article, a new generalized fault tolerant MLI (FTMLI) with reduced semiconductor switches is presented. The proposed FTMLI topology contains more redundant switching states; thus, the topology can tolerate faults in both switches and/or sources. This article also introduces the new level shifted carrier pulsewidth modulation technique in effective utilization of abnormal voltage level combinations (or skipped voltage level) for running emergency loads. The proposed topology's operation is discussed along with the fault-tolerant capability for both the symmetric and asymmetric modes. Experimental results are presented to show the effectiveness of the FTMLI topology using the associated control strategy. A comparative analysis between the proposed topology and other MLI topologies is also provided to highlight the proposed topology's merits.

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has emerged as a promising paradigm for the intelligent control of power electronic converters. It offers adaptability, model-free operation, and real-time decision making in complex, nonlinear, and dynamic environments. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the state-of-the-art in DRL-based control strategies for various power converter applications. It includes voltage regulation in DC-DC converters connected to DC microgrids, speed control of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM), voltage regulation and frequency modulation in dual active bridge (DAB) converters, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) in solar pv systems, and grid-connected inverter control in both grid-following and grid-forming modes. The paper systematically categorizes the recent literature based on converter topology, control objectives, DRL algorithms used, and implementation frameworks, highlighting the strengths and limitations of each approach. Special attention is given to the design of reward functions and action-state representations. Furthermore, the review identifies key challenges including stability assurance, sample inefficiency, hardware deployment constraints, and lack of standardized benchmarking environments. Finally, research gaps and future directions are outlined, emphasizing the need for physics-informed learning, safe exploration strategies, and hybrid model-based approaches to bridge the gap between academic advances and real-world deployment in power electronic systems.

In high-gain quadratic DC-DC converters, input components often face significant current stress, while output components endure higher voltage stress. To address these challenges, this article introduces a novel ultra-high gain quadratic boost (UHGQB) converter. By implementing an input current-sharing configuration for inductors, the current stress on the input inductor is minimized. Additionally, a switched capacitor cell is utilized to minimize voltage stress on the output diode. This article presents the detailed operation and steady-state analysis of the UHGQB converter. Further, a comparison with the latest converters shows that the UHGQB outperforms others in terms of various performance metrics. A 400 V, 0.5 kW, and 50 kHz laboratory prototype of the UHGQB converter is tested experimentally to validate the theoretical findings. The efficiency analysis confirmed a peak efficiency of 95.5% at rated power. Furthermore, an extended UHGQB converter is derived for cubic voltage gain and verified experimentally. The features like a wide range voltage gain, low inductor currents, low voltage stress, and higher efficiency make the proposed UHGQB converter an excellent choice for photovoltaic systems.