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In line with the Paris Agreement, Norway aims for an up to 55% reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2030 compared to 1990 levels and to be a low-emission society by 2050. Given that 85–90% of today’s buildings are expected to still be in use in 2050, refurbishment and adaptive reuse of existing buildings can help in achieving the environmental goals. The aim of this work is to provide a holistic picture of refurbishment and adaptive reuse of existing buildings, including buildings with heritage values, seen from a life cycle perspective. The methods applied are a literature review of LCA studies and experiences from quantitative case study analysis of selected Norwegian case studies. The findings show that extending the service life of existing buildings by refurbishment and adaptive reuse has significant possibilities in reducing GHG emissions, keeping cultural heritage values, and saving scarce raw material resources. The findings show limited LCA studies, uncertainties in existing LCA studies due to variations in case-specific refurbishment or intervention measures, and a lack of transparent and harmonized background data and methodological choices. In conclusion, performing a holistic study covering the whole LCA and including socio-cultural values and economic aspects will enable supporting an argument to assert the sustainability of existing buildings.
Selamawit Fufa; Cecilie Flyen; Anne-Cathrine Flyen. How Can Existing Buildings with Historic Values Contribute to Achieving Emission Reduction Ambitions? Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 5978 .
AMA StyleSelamawit Fufa, Cecilie Flyen, Anne-Cathrine Flyen. How Can Existing Buildings with Historic Values Contribute to Achieving Emission Reduction Ambitions? Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (13):5978.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSelamawit Fufa; Cecilie Flyen; Anne-Cathrine Flyen. 2021. "How Can Existing Buildings with Historic Values Contribute to Achieving Emission Reduction Ambitions?" Applied Sciences 11, no. 13: 5978.
Hiorthhamn is an abandoned Norwegian coal mining settlement with a loading dock and a lot of industrial infrastructure left in the coastal zone. In this study, changes in the position of 1.3 km of the Hiorthhamn shoreline, which affect cultural heritage, is described for a time-period spanning 92 years (1927–2019). The shoreline positions were established based on a map (1927), orthophotos (2009) and a topographic survey with differential Global Positioning System (GPS) (summer 2019). Detailed geomorphological and surface sediment mapping was conducted to form a framework for understanding shoreline-landscape interaction. The shoreline was divided into three sectors to calculate the erosion/stability/accretion rates by using the DSAS (Digital Shoreline Analysis System) extension of ArcGIS. The DSAS analysis showed very high erosion in Sector 1, while Sectors 2 and 3 showed moderate accretion and moderate erosion, respectively. Sector 1 is geologically composed of easily erodible sorted beach sediments and protected remains from the mining industry such as wrecks of heavy machines, loading carts, wagons and rusty tracks that are directly exposed to coastal erosion. The all-sector average shoreline erosion rate (EPR parameter) for the 92 years period was −0.21 m/year. The high shoreline erosion rates in Sector 1, together with the high potential damage to cultural heritage, supports the urgent need of continued coastal monitoring and sustainable management of cultural heritage in Hiorthhamn.
Ionut Cristi Nicu; Knut Stalsberg; Lena Rubensdotter; Vibeke Vandrup Martens; Anne-Cathrine Flyen. Coastal Erosion Affecting Cultural Heritage in Svalbard. A Case Study in Hiorthhamn (Adventfjorden)—An Abandoned Mining Settlement. Sustainability 2020, 12, 2306 .
AMA StyleIonut Cristi Nicu, Knut Stalsberg, Lena Rubensdotter, Vibeke Vandrup Martens, Anne-Cathrine Flyen. Coastal Erosion Affecting Cultural Heritage in Svalbard. A Case Study in Hiorthhamn (Adventfjorden)—An Abandoned Mining Settlement. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (6):2306.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIonut Cristi Nicu; Knut Stalsberg; Lena Rubensdotter; Vibeke Vandrup Martens; Anne-Cathrine Flyen. 2020. "Coastal Erosion Affecting Cultural Heritage in Svalbard. A Case Study in Hiorthhamn (Adventfjorden)—An Abandoned Mining Settlement." Sustainability 12, no. 6: 2306.