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Coffee is a globally consumed beverage that produces a substantial amount of valuable organic waste known as spent coffee grounds (SCG). Although SCG is a non-edible biomass, research initiatives focused on valorizing/utilizing its organic content, protecting the environment, and reducing the high oxygen demand required for its natural degradation. The integration with biorefinery in general and with pyrolysis process in specific is considerered the most successful solid waste management strategy of SCG that produce energy and high-value products. This paper aims at providing a quantitative analysis and discussion of research work done over the last 20 years on SCG as a feedstock in the circular bioeconomy (CBE). Management stratigies of SCG have been thoroughly reviewed and pyrolysis process has been explored as a novel technology in CBE. Results revealed that explored articles belong to Chemical, physical., biological and environmental science branches, with Energy & Fuels as the most reporting themes. Published works correlate SCG to renewable energy, biofuel, and bio-oil, with pyrolysis as a potential valorization approach. Literature review showed that only one study focused on the pyrolysis of defatted spent coffee grounds (DSCG). The insightful conclusions of this paper could assist in proposing several paths to more economically valorization of SCG through biorefinery, where extracted oil can be converted to biofuels or value-added goods. It was highlighted the importance of focusing on the coupling of SCG with CBE as solid waste managment strategy.
A.E. Atabani; Imtiaz Ali; Salman Raza Naqvi; Irfan Anjum Badruddin; Muhammad Aslam; Eyas Mahmoud; Fares Almomani; Dagmar Juchelková; M.R. Atelge; T.M. Yunus Khan. A state-of-the-art review on spent coffee ground (SCG) pyrolysis for future biorefinery. Chemosphere 2021, 286, 131730 .
AMA StyleA.E. Atabani, Imtiaz Ali, Salman Raza Naqvi, Irfan Anjum Badruddin, Muhammad Aslam, Eyas Mahmoud, Fares Almomani, Dagmar Juchelková, M.R. Atelge, T.M. Yunus Khan. A state-of-the-art review on spent coffee ground (SCG) pyrolysis for future biorefinery. Chemosphere. 2021; 286 ():131730.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA.E. Atabani; Imtiaz Ali; Salman Raza Naqvi; Irfan Anjum Badruddin; Muhammad Aslam; Eyas Mahmoud; Fares Almomani; Dagmar Juchelková; M.R. Atelge; T.M. Yunus Khan. 2021. "A state-of-the-art review on spent coffee ground (SCG) pyrolysis for future biorefinery." Chemosphere 286, no. : 131730.
The effect of several parameters, such as different Co2+ ratios, burning temperatures, and burning times, was examined by using defatted spent coffee grounds (DSCG) as organic waste to obtain the most effective catalyst for producing hydrogen. Under optimum conditions, the most active catalyst/metal ratio was obtained by burning 50% Co 2+ at 400 °C for 90 min. To measure the time-dependent amounts of hydrogen, 0.1 g of DSCG-Co catalyst was dissolved in 10 mL of a methanol solution containing 0.25 g sodium borohydride (NaBH4) at 30 °C. The maximum hydrogen generation rate obtained from the methanolysis of NaBH4 at 30 and 60 °C was found to be 8749 and 17,283 mL min−1 gcat−1, respectively, and the activation energy of the catalyst was found to be 23.2 kJ mol−1. FTIR, ICP-OES, XRD, BET, and SEM–EDX analyses were performed for the characterization of the prepared DSCG-Co-Cat catalyst. Furthermore, a supercapacitor cell was constructed by using this catalyst as an active substance for electricity storage. The specific capacitance of the electrode at the current density of 1 A/g was calculated as 67 F/g for two-electrode systems. The results of electrochemical analysis of the prepared supercapacitor were found to be similar to the ideal supercapacitor curves. The obtained capacitance values are at very good levels in terms of the capacity and cost factors. The results indicated that the multifunctional capacitor-catalyst material produced by Co-doped waste coffee could constitute an important element in a hybrid system that includes capacitor and catalyst systems that can be installed in the future.
Duygu Elma Karakaş; Murat Akdemir; M. R. Atelge; Mustafa Kaya; A. E. Atabani. Defatted spent coffee grounds-supported cobalt catalyst as a promising supercapacitor electrode for hydrogen production and energy storage. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy 2021, 1 -11.
AMA StyleDuygu Elma Karakaş, Murat Akdemir, M. R. Atelge, Mustafa Kaya, A. E. Atabani. Defatted spent coffee grounds-supported cobalt catalyst as a promising supercapacitor electrode for hydrogen production and energy storage. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy. 2021; ():1-11.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDuygu Elma Karakaş; Murat Akdemir; M. R. Atelge; Mustafa Kaya; A. E. Atabani. 2021. "Defatted spent coffee grounds-supported cobalt catalyst as a promising supercapacitor electrode for hydrogen production and energy storage." Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy , no. : 1-11.
In the present study, Spirulina Platensis waste-supported Pd-Co (SPW-Pd-Co) catalyst was used as an efficient catalyst for the methanolysis reaction of sodium borohydride (NaBH4); moreover, the produced SPW-Pd-Co catalyst was tested as a supercapacitor electrode material for the first time. In this context, the SPW-Pd-Co catalyst was synthesized by the treatment of the Spirulina Platensis waste (SPW) with 1–7 M HCl, 1 mL PdCl2 solution (2% w/w) and 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 mL CoCI2·6H2O solution (5% w/w). Under optimum conditions, the most active catalyst was obtained by burning with 3 M HCl-Pd-4 mL Co2+ solution at 600 °C for 90 min. The maximum rate of hydrogen generation (HGR) obtained at 30 °C from the NaBH4 methanolysis reaction was found to be 5497.7 mLmin-1gcat−1, and the catalyst activation energy was found to be 10.32 kJ mol−1. The gravimetric capacitance of the prepared electrode was calculated as 50 F/g at 2 A/g current density. The capacitance values of the supercapacitor are at a significant level in terms of capacity and the cost.
Duygu Elma Karakaş; Murat Akdemir; A.E. Atabani; Mustafa Kaya. A dual functional material: Spirulina Platensis waste-supported Pd-Co catalyst as a novel promising supercapacitor electrode. Fuel 2021, 304, 121334 .
AMA StyleDuygu Elma Karakaş, Murat Akdemir, A.E. Atabani, Mustafa Kaya. A dual functional material: Spirulina Platensis waste-supported Pd-Co catalyst as a novel promising supercapacitor electrode. Fuel. 2021; 304 ():121334.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDuygu Elma Karakaş; Murat Akdemir; A.E. Atabani; Mustafa Kaya. 2021. "A dual functional material: Spirulina Platensis waste-supported Pd-Co catalyst as a novel promising supercapacitor electrode." Fuel 304, no. : 121334.
Agro-Wastes are identified as to manufacture potential valuable organic biochar fertilizer product economically while also managing the waste. Biochar (BC) produced from agriculture waste is helps to improve the soil because of its neutral pH, addition of organic carbon to the soil and lower salt index values. This study focused on the development of nano-biochar into a more enhanced biochar product where it was checked whether the biochar derived from wheat straw can absorb nutrients and then act as support matter for releasing micro-nutrients and macro-nutrients for the plants on slow liberation basis. Wheat biochar (WBC) and wheat nano-biochar (WBNC) were synthesized by pyrolysis at two different temperatures and nutrients were fused into the WBC via impregnation technique. Physical parameters such as Proximate, Ultimate analysis & other were also studied and inspected by standard control procedures. Studies were also carried out on water retention (WR), water absorbance (WA), swelling ratio (SR) and equilibrium water content (EWC) for all samples; data was collected and compared for the better sample. Slow-release studies performed portrayed the release pattern of nutrients for prolonged periods, which are very important for the plant growth, yield and productivity. Overall, the experimental results displayed that BNC produced at 350 °C showed promising features of (SI:0.05, SR: 3.67, WA:64%, EWC:78.6%, FC:53.05% and pH:7.22), is a good substance however the nano-biochar has improved results; environmental friendly & could be utilized as a potential fertilizer on slow release for sustainable and green agriculture application.
Hamza Ahmad Khan; Salman Raza Naqvi; M. Taqi Mehran; Asif Hussain Khoja; M. Bilal Khan Niazi; Dagmar Juchelková; Abdulaziz Atabani. A performance evaluation study of nano-biochar as a potential slow-release nano-fertilizer from wheat straw residue for sustainable agriculture. Chemosphere 2021, 285, 131382 .
AMA StyleHamza Ahmad Khan, Salman Raza Naqvi, M. Taqi Mehran, Asif Hussain Khoja, M. Bilal Khan Niazi, Dagmar Juchelková, Abdulaziz Atabani. A performance evaluation study of nano-biochar as a potential slow-release nano-fertilizer from wheat straw residue for sustainable agriculture. Chemosphere. 2021; 285 ():131382.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHamza Ahmad Khan; Salman Raza Naqvi; M. Taqi Mehran; Asif Hussain Khoja; M. Bilal Khan Niazi; Dagmar Juchelková; Abdulaziz Atabani. 2021. "A performance evaluation study of nano-biochar as a potential slow-release nano-fertilizer from wheat straw residue for sustainable agriculture." Chemosphere 285, no. : 131382.
Future energy and environmental issues are the major driving force towards increased global utilization of biomass, especially in developing countries like Pakistan. Lignocellulosic residues are abundant in Pakistan. The present study investigated the best-mixed proportion of mechanically pretreated lignocellulosic residues i.e., wheat straw and rice straw (WSRS), bagasse and wheat straw (BAWS), bagasse, and rice straw (BARS), bagasse, wheat straw, and rice straw (BAWSRS) through anaerobic co-digestion. Anaerobic batch mode bioreactors comprising of lignocellulosic proportions and control bioreactors were run in parallel at mesophilic temperature (35 °C) for the substrate to inoculum (S/I) ratio of 1.5 and 2.5. Maximum and stable biomethane production was observed at the substrate to inoculum (S/I) ratio of 1.5, and the highest biomethane yield 339.0089123 NmLCH4/gVS was achieved by co-digestion of wheat straw and rice straw (WSRS) and lowest 15.74 NmLCH4/gVS from bagasse and rice straw (BARS) at 2.5 substrates to inoculum ratio. Furthermore, anaerobic reactor performance was determined by using bio-kinetic parameters i.e., production rate (Rm), lag phase (λ), and coefficient of determination (R2). The bio-kinetic parameters were evaluated by using kinetic models; first-order kinetics, Logistic function model, Modified Gompertz Model, and Transference function model. Among all kinetic models, the Logistic function model provided the best fit with experimental data followed by Modified Gompertz Model. The study suggests that a decrease in methane production was due to lower hydrolysis rate and higher lignin content of the co-digested substrates, and mechanical pretreatment leads to the breakage of complex lignocellulosic structure. The organic matter degradation evidence will be utilized by the biogas digesters developed in rural areas of Pakistan, where these agricultural residues are ample waste and need a technological solution to manage and produce renewable energy.
Saadia Meraj; Rabia Liaquat; Salman Raza Naqvi; Zeshan Sheikh; Atoofa Zainab; Asif Khoja; Dagmar Juchelkova; Abdulaziz Atabani. Enhanced Methane Production from Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Wheat Straw Rice Straw and Sugarcane Bagasse: A Kinetic Analysis. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 6069 .
AMA StyleSaadia Meraj, Rabia Liaquat, Salman Raza Naqvi, Zeshan Sheikh, Atoofa Zainab, Asif Khoja, Dagmar Juchelkova, Abdulaziz Atabani. Enhanced Methane Production from Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Wheat Straw Rice Straw and Sugarcane Bagasse: A Kinetic Analysis. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (13):6069.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSaadia Meraj; Rabia Liaquat; Salman Raza Naqvi; Zeshan Sheikh; Atoofa Zainab; Asif Khoja; Dagmar Juchelkova; Abdulaziz Atabani. 2021. "Enhanced Methane Production from Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Wheat Straw Rice Straw and Sugarcane Bagasse: A Kinetic Analysis." Applied Sciences 11, no. 13: 6069.
A.E. Atabani; Gopalakrishnan Kumar; Sang-Hyoun Kim; Arivalagan Pugazhendhi. Editorial Preface of the Special Issue on The 4th International Conference on Alternative Fuels, Energy & Environment: Futures and Challenges (ICAFEE 2019)” 18th–21st, October 2019, Feng Chia University (FCU), Taichung, Taiwan. Fuel 2021, 301, 121038 .
AMA StyleA.E. Atabani, Gopalakrishnan Kumar, Sang-Hyoun Kim, Arivalagan Pugazhendhi. Editorial Preface of the Special Issue on The 4th International Conference on Alternative Fuels, Energy & Environment: Futures and Challenges (ICAFEE 2019)” 18th–21st, October 2019, Feng Chia University (FCU), Taichung, Taiwan. Fuel. 2021; 301 ():121038.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA.E. Atabani; Gopalakrishnan Kumar; Sang-Hyoun Kim; Arivalagan Pugazhendhi. 2021. "Editorial Preface of the Special Issue on The 4th International Conference on Alternative Fuels, Energy & Environment: Futures and Challenges (ICAFEE 2019)” 18th–21st, October 2019, Feng Chia University (FCU), Taichung, Taiwan." Fuel 301, no. : 121038.
Bioenergy potential of microalage Scednedesmus quadricuda through pyrolysis was investigated using kinetic and thermodynamic analyses. From model-free isoconversional methods, the estimated average activation energies were 152.37 (±20.93), 174.98 (±22.38), and 153.00 (±21.23) kJ/mol, using Friedman, OFW and advance Vyazovkin methods, respectively. Avrami-Erofeev’s A1/4 reaction model was the most probable single-step reaction mechanism determined from the combined kinetic analysis. The activation energy profile, however, indicated a complex degradation process in the active pyrolysis zone. Two independent parallel reactions were considered in the active pyrolysis zone. Average activation energy for low temperature conversion was 77.95 (±3.12) kJ/mol, pre-exponential coefficient 4.86E4 (±2.24E4) s-1, and n = 1.51 (±0.10), whereas for high temperature conversion, the activation energy was 73.26 (±17.93) kJ/mol, pre-exponential coefficient 1.32E3 (±2.61E3) s-1, and n = 1.21 (±0.16). Thermodynamic analysis of pyrolysis in terms of enthalpy, Gibbs free energy, and entropy indicated the feasibility of conversion.
Sajjad Akbar Khan; Imtiaz Ali; Salman Raza Naqvi; Kai Li; M. Taqi Mehran; Asif Hussain Khoja; Abdulrahman Anwar Alarabi; A.E. Atabani. Investigation of slow pyrolysis mechanism and kinetic modeling of Scenedesmus quadricauda biomass. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 2021, 158, 105149 .
AMA StyleSajjad Akbar Khan, Imtiaz Ali, Salman Raza Naqvi, Kai Li, M. Taqi Mehran, Asif Hussain Khoja, Abdulrahman Anwar Alarabi, A.E. Atabani. Investigation of slow pyrolysis mechanism and kinetic modeling of Scenedesmus quadricauda biomass. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis. 2021; 158 ():105149.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSajjad Akbar Khan; Imtiaz Ali; Salman Raza Naqvi; Kai Li; M. Taqi Mehran; Asif Hussain Khoja; Abdulrahman Anwar Alarabi; A.E. Atabani. 2021. "Investigation of slow pyrolysis mechanism and kinetic modeling of Scenedesmus quadricauda biomass." Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 158, no. : 105149.
Abdulaziz E. Atabani. Editorial preface of the special issue on “progress in alternative fuels and energies”. International Journal of Energy Research 2021, 45, 8123 -8124.
AMA StyleAbdulaziz E. Atabani. Editorial preface of the special issue on “progress in alternative fuels and energies”. International Journal of Energy Research. 2021; 45 (6):8123-8124.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbdulaziz E. Atabani. 2021. "Editorial preface of the special issue on “progress in alternative fuels and energies”." International Journal of Energy Research 45, no. 6: 8123-8124.
A.E. Atabani; Kyu-Jung Chae. Editorial preface of the special issue on “The 4th International Conference on Alternative Fuels, Energy & Environment: Futures & challenges (ICAFEE 2019)” 18th – 21st, October 2019, Feng Chia University (FCU), Taiwan. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2021, 46, 11199 -11200.
AMA StyleA.E. Atabani, Kyu-Jung Chae. Editorial preface of the special issue on “The 4th International Conference on Alternative Fuels, Energy & Environment: Futures & challenges (ICAFEE 2019)” 18th – 21st, October 2019, Feng Chia University (FCU), Taiwan. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2021; 46 (20):11199-11200.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA.E. Atabani; Kyu-Jung Chae. 2021. "Editorial preface of the special issue on “The 4th International Conference on Alternative Fuels, Energy & Environment: Futures & challenges (ICAFEE 2019)” 18th – 21st, October 2019, Feng Chia University (FCU), Taiwan." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 46, no. 20: 11199-11200.
Lignocelluloses’ pretreatment is targeted for the improvement of hydrolysis of their carbohydrates, i.e., cellulose and hemicelluloses. Modification of the hardheaded structure of lignocelluloses is a fundamental stair in biofuels and biochemicals production. The high crystalline configurations of cellulose embed with hemicelluloses and lignin, give rise to recalcitrance structure. Second-generation biofuel production processes, using lignocellulosic biomass as a feedstock, is based on a three-stage process, including pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, and fermentation. The pretreatment stage is the most critical, influencing, costly stage. The perfect pretreatment process is designated to provide minimum cellulosic crystallinity with remarkable low lignin content as well as inhibitory compounds through a sustainable economical process. In the present review, advances in lignocellulosic pretreatment technologies for biofuels production are reviewed and critically discussed. The article further discusses the pros and cons of the various pretreatment methodologies as well as addresses the role and impact of different process parameters associated with the pretreatment process.
Bilal Beig; Muhammad Riaz; Salman Raza Naqvi; Muhammad Hassan; Zhifeng Zheng; Keikhosro Karimi; Arivalagan Pugazhendhi; A.E. Atabani; Nguyen Thuy Lan Chi. Current challenges and innovative developments in pretreatment of lignocellulosic residues for biofuel production: A review. Fuel 2020, 287, 119670 .
AMA StyleBilal Beig, Muhammad Riaz, Salman Raza Naqvi, Muhammad Hassan, Zhifeng Zheng, Keikhosro Karimi, Arivalagan Pugazhendhi, A.E. Atabani, Nguyen Thuy Lan Chi. Current challenges and innovative developments in pretreatment of lignocellulosic residues for biofuel production: A review. Fuel. 2020; 287 ():119670.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBilal Beig; Muhammad Riaz; Salman Raza Naqvi; Muhammad Hassan; Zhifeng Zheng; Keikhosro Karimi; Arivalagan Pugazhendhi; A.E. Atabani; Nguyen Thuy Lan Chi. 2020. "Current challenges and innovative developments in pretreatment of lignocellulosic residues for biofuel production: A review." Fuel 287, no. : 119670.
Waste cooking oil (WCO) is a mixture of animal fats and used vegetable oils used at high temperatures. It can be obtained at almost no cost. In this work, valorisation of WCO for biodiesel production (WCOME) besides assessing the quality of its binary and ternary blends with Euro diesel and higher alcohols of pentanol and octanol were examined. WCOME satisfied both EN 14214 and ASTM D6751 standards concerning cetane number (53.9), kinematic viscosity at 40 °C (3.55 mm2/s), density (899.9 kg/m3) at 20 °C and iodine value (106.59 g iodine/100 g). These results are attributed to the excellent degree of unsaturation (110.58). Introducing higher alcohols to biodiesel-diesel blends has further improved their densities and cold flow properties. Furthermore, spectral studies including FT-IR, UV–vis and NMR and thermoanalytical characterizations including TGA and DSC analyses were studied to assess the influence of pentanol and octanol addition into biodiesel-diesel blends. Finally brake thermal efficiency and BSFC and 3 regulated emissions of CO, THC and NOx emissions were evaluated. The current study proved the positive impact of higher alcohols addition to the blends. This study supports the ongoing research on biodiesel synthesis from waste cooking oil in Turkey.
A.E. Atabani; Sattar AL Kulthoom. Spectral, thermoanalytical characterizations, properties, engine and emission performance of complementary biodiesel-diesel-pentanol/octanol blends. Fuel 2020, 282, 118849 .
AMA StyleA.E. Atabani, Sattar AL Kulthoom. Spectral, thermoanalytical characterizations, properties, engine and emission performance of complementary biodiesel-diesel-pentanol/octanol blends. Fuel. 2020; 282 ():118849.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA.E. Atabani; Sattar AL Kulthoom. 2020. "Spectral, thermoanalytical characterizations, properties, engine and emission performance of complementary biodiesel-diesel-pentanol/octanol blends." Fuel 282, no. : 118849.
Coffee is a global and popular drink with refreshing properties that is consumed in huge amounts daily. During the brewing process, a valuable dark brown organic waste known as spent coffee grounds (SCG) is generated in bulk. SCG has been classified as a promising raw material for the production of various biofuels and added-value products through biorefineries. This paper aims to valorize SCG into biofuel. Firstly, the oil extracted from SCG (SCGO) has been processed into biodiesel fuel. The oil content of SCG has been found to be ~ 12% (by mass). However, SCGO has an extremely high acid value of ~ 24 mg KOH/g oil. Therefore, biodiesel production was conducted through two steps of acid-catalyzed process followed by alkaline-catalyzed transesterification processes along with methanol and heating at 60 °C. It has been found that the properties of spent coffee grounds oil methyl ester (SCGOME) fulfilled ASTM D 6751 biodiesel standards with cetane number of 54.23, kinematic viscosity of 3.73 mm2/s (at 40 °C), flash point of 137.5 °C, density of 891.9 kg/m3 (at 15 °C), oxidation stability of 5.53 h and higher heating value of 39.37 MJ/kg. This is attributed to its excellent degree of unsaturation of 141.54 and long-chain saturated factor of 6.94. Secondly, the qualities of SCGOME and its binary and ternary blends with Euro diesel and three long-chain alcohols of butanol, pentanol, and octanol were considered in this work. This strategy has resulted in a remarkable improvement in both density and cold flow properties and found very close to Euro diesel. Finally, fast, cheap, and reliable characteristics of DSC, FT-IR, TGA, and NMR were examined for the first time in this work to assess the quality of all blends. Such characteristics proved their quality and reliability. In conclusion, this study supports the ongoing research in valorizing SCG to biodiesel through integrated biorefineries towards sustainable circular bioeconomy. It is recommended to conduct detailed engine, emissions, and combustion tests of the blends in the future studies. Graphical abstract
A. E. Atabani; O. K. Al-Rubaye. Valorization of spent coffee grounds for biodiesel production: blending with higher alcohols, FT-IR, TGA, DSC, and NMR characterizations. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery 2020, 1 -20.
AMA StyleA. E. Atabani, O. K. Al-Rubaye. Valorization of spent coffee grounds for biodiesel production: blending with higher alcohols, FT-IR, TGA, DSC, and NMR characterizations. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery. 2020; ():1-20.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. E. Atabani; O. K. Al-Rubaye. 2020. "Valorization of spent coffee grounds for biodiesel production: blending with higher alcohols, FT-IR, TGA, DSC, and NMR characterizations." Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery , no. : 1-20.
Spent coffee grounds (SCG) are an important waste product millions of tons generated from coffee consumption and could be effectively utilized for various applications due to their high organic content. SCG can be used as a potential feedstock to develop coffee–based biorefinery towards value–added products generation through various biotechnological processes. Considerable developments have been reported on emerging SCG-based processes/products in various environmental fields such as removal of heavy metals and cationic dyes and in wastewater treatment. In addition, SCG are also utilized to produce biochar and biofuels. This review addressed the details of innovative processes used to produce polymers and catalysts from SCG. Moreover, the application of these developed products is provided and future directions of the circular economy for SCG utilization.
Ganesh Dattatraya Saratale; Rahul Bhosale; Sutha Shobana; J. Rajesh Banu; Arivalagan Pugazhendhi; Eyas Mahmoud; Ranjna Sirohi; Shashi Kant Bhatia; Abdulaziz Atabani; Vincenzo Mulone; Jeong-Jun Yoon; Han Seung Shin; Gopalakrishnan Kumar. A review on valorization of spent coffee grounds (SCG) towards biopolymers and biocatalysts production. Bioresource Technology 2020, 314, 123800 .
AMA StyleGanesh Dattatraya Saratale, Rahul Bhosale, Sutha Shobana, J. Rajesh Banu, Arivalagan Pugazhendhi, Eyas Mahmoud, Ranjna Sirohi, Shashi Kant Bhatia, Abdulaziz Atabani, Vincenzo Mulone, Jeong-Jun Yoon, Han Seung Shin, Gopalakrishnan Kumar. A review on valorization of spent coffee grounds (SCG) towards biopolymers and biocatalysts production. Bioresource Technology. 2020; 314 ():123800.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGanesh Dattatraya Saratale; Rahul Bhosale; Sutha Shobana; J. Rajesh Banu; Arivalagan Pugazhendhi; Eyas Mahmoud; Ranjna Sirohi; Shashi Kant Bhatia; Abdulaziz Atabani; Vincenzo Mulone; Jeong-Jun Yoon; Han Seung Shin; Gopalakrishnan Kumar. 2020. "A review on valorization of spent coffee grounds (SCG) towards biopolymers and biocatalysts production." Bioresource Technology 314, no. : 123800.
Rapid depletion in fossil fuels, inflation in petroleum prices, and rising energy demand have forced towards alternative transport fuels. Among these alternative fuels, diesel-ethanol and diesel-biodiesel blends gain the most attention due to their quality characteristics and environmentally friendly nature. The viscosity and density of these biodiesel blends are slightly higher than diesel, which is a significant barrier to the commercialization of biodiesel. In this study, the density and viscosity of 30 different ternary biodiesel blends was investigated at 15 °С and 40 °С, respectively. Different density and viscosity models were developed and tested on biodiesel blends soured from different feedstock’s including palm, coconut, soybean, mustard, and calophyllum oils. The prognostic ability and precisions of these developed models was assessed statistically using Absolute Percentage Error (APE) and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). The MAPE of 0.045% and 0.085% for density model and 1.85%, 1.41%, 3.48% and 2.27%, 1.85%, 3.50% for viscosity models were obtained on % volume and % mass basis. These developed correlations are useful for ternary biodiesel blends where alcohols are the part of biodiesel blends. The modeled values of densities and viscosities of ternary blends were significantly comparable with the measured densities and viscosities, which are feasible to avoid the harm of vehicles’ operability.
Luqman Razzaq; Muhammad Farooq; M. Mujtaba; Farooq Sher; Muhammad Farhan; Muhammad Hassan; Manzoore Soudagar; A. Atabani; M. Kalam; Muhammad Imran. Modeling Viscosity and Density of Ethanol-Diesel-Biodiesel Ternary Blends for Sustainable Environment. Sustainability 2020, 12, 5186 .
AMA StyleLuqman Razzaq, Muhammad Farooq, M. Mujtaba, Farooq Sher, Muhammad Farhan, Muhammad Hassan, Manzoore Soudagar, A. Atabani, M. Kalam, Muhammad Imran. Modeling Viscosity and Density of Ethanol-Diesel-Biodiesel Ternary Blends for Sustainable Environment. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (12):5186.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuqman Razzaq; Muhammad Farooq; M. Mujtaba; Farooq Sher; Muhammad Farhan; Muhammad Hassan; Manzoore Soudagar; A. Atabani; M. Kalam; Muhammad Imran. 2020. "Modeling Viscosity and Density of Ethanol-Diesel-Biodiesel Ternary Blends for Sustainable Environment." Sustainability 12, no. 12: 5186.
This study aims to investigate a CI diesel engine characteristic of diesel-biodiesel blend with oxygenated alcohols and nanoparticle fuel additives. Biodiesel was synthesized from a complementary palm-sesame oil blend using an ultrasound-assisted transesterification process. B30 was mixed with fuel additives as the base fuel to form ternary blends in different proportions before engine testing. The oxygenated alcohols (DMC and DEE) and nanoparticles (CNT and TiO2) were used to improve both the fuel characteristics and engine emission and performance parameters. B30 fuel was mixed with 5% (DEE) and 10% (DMC) by volume and 100 ppm concentration of CNT and TiO2 nanoparticles, respectively, which are kept constant during this study. Engine performance and emissions characteristics were studied using a CI diesel engine with variable engine rpm at full load condition. The results were compared with B30 fuel and B10 (commercial diesel). The main findings indicated that the B30 + TiO2 ternary blend shows an overall decrease in brake specific fuel consumption up to 4.1% among all tested fuels. B30 + DMC produced a higher 9.88% brake thermal efficiency, among other fuels. B30 + DMC ternary blend showed a maximum decrease in CO and HC emissions by 29.9% and 21.4%, respectively, collated to B30. B30 + CNT ternary blend showed a maximum reduction of 3.92% in NOx emissions compared to B30.
M.A. Mujtaba; M.A. Kalam; H.H. Masjuki; M Gul; Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar; Hwai Chyuan Ong; Waqar Ahmed; A.E. Atabani; L. Razzaq; Mnam Yusoff. Comparative study of nanoparticles and alcoholic fuel additives-biodiesel-diesel blend for performance and emission improvements. Fuel 2020, 279, 118434 .
AMA StyleM.A. Mujtaba, M.A. Kalam, H.H. Masjuki, M Gul, Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar, Hwai Chyuan Ong, Waqar Ahmed, A.E. Atabani, L. Razzaq, Mnam Yusoff. Comparative study of nanoparticles and alcoholic fuel additives-biodiesel-diesel blend for performance and emission improvements. Fuel. 2020; 279 ():118434.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM.A. Mujtaba; M.A. Kalam; H.H. Masjuki; M Gul; Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar; Hwai Chyuan Ong; Waqar Ahmed; A.E. Atabani; L. Razzaq; Mnam Yusoff. 2020. "Comparative study of nanoparticles and alcoholic fuel additives-biodiesel-diesel blend for performance and emission improvements." Fuel 279, no. : 118434.
The co-combustion of fuel has substantial advantages when compared to normal combustion and it requires very little modification. In this perspective, ethanol supplement co-combustion with biodiesel is proposed. The co-combustion characteristics were studied by manifold induction of vaporized ethanol and direct injection of waste cooking oil biodiesel. A vaporizer system was fabricated to produce vaporized ethanol in a volumetric basis (10% and 20%, respectively). It was revealed from the experiments that with co-combustion of oxygenated biofuels, the combustion advanced and peak pressure shifted to TDC. The pressure rise rate decreased with the increase of vaporized ethanol induction and the maximum rate of pressure rise reduction was noted with biodiesel-20% ethanol induction which was 4% lower than biodiesel-10% vaporized ethanol induction. On the other hand, the maximum rate of heat release rate (60.24 J/°CA) was seen in biodiesel with 20% ethanol induction. Furthermore, the co-combustion studies disclosed a two-stage heat release pattern (low temperature and high temperature reactions). It was observed that the increase in ethanol concentration extended low temperature region by 1° crank angle and retarded high temperature region by 3° crank angle.
Avinash Alagumalai; Thangavel Mathimani; Arivalagan Pugazhendhi; A.E. Atabani; Kathirvel Brindhadevi; Nguyen Duc Canh. Experimental insight into co-combustion characteristics of oxygenated biofuels in modified DICI engine. Fuel 2020, 278, 118303 .
AMA StyleAvinash Alagumalai, Thangavel Mathimani, Arivalagan Pugazhendhi, A.E. Atabani, Kathirvel Brindhadevi, Nguyen Duc Canh. Experimental insight into co-combustion characteristics of oxygenated biofuels in modified DICI engine. Fuel. 2020; 278 ():118303.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAvinash Alagumalai; Thangavel Mathimani; Arivalagan Pugazhendhi; A.E. Atabani; Kathirvel Brindhadevi; Nguyen Duc Canh. 2020. "Experimental insight into co-combustion characteristics of oxygenated biofuels in modified DICI engine." Fuel 278, no. : 118303.
Agro-industrial residue is widely considered as a rich source of energy, with varying characteristics depending on the geographical region or origin from where it is collected. Rice husk, bagasse, corncob, wheat straw and wood chips do not find many applications in Pakistan. As they are available in large quantities and at lower cost, therefore it makes them a favorable candidate for bioenergy. In this study, five agro-industrial residues, of Pakistani origin, were thermally degraded in the absence of air and at a constant heating rate of 5 °C min−1. Kinetics of the pyrolysis process was performed using Coats-Redfern method at five reaction mechanisms. Corncob was found to degrade at lower temperature with fastest rate as compared to all the other wastes. The kinetic parameters obtained from Coats-Redfern method were used to evaluate the thermodynamic behavior of these wastes and afterwards a comparison was drawn. Based on the ascending order of the activation energy, the residues can be classified in terms of preference as corncob > rice husk > wood chips > wheat straw > bagasse.
Salman Raza Naqvi; Imtiaz Ali; Saqib Nasir; Syed Ali Ammar Taqvi; Abdulaziz Atabani; Wei-Hsin Chen. Assessment of agro-industrial residues for bioenergy potential by investigating thermo-kinetic behavior in a slow pyrolysis process. Fuel 2020, 278, 118259 .
AMA StyleSalman Raza Naqvi, Imtiaz Ali, Saqib Nasir, Syed Ali Ammar Taqvi, Abdulaziz Atabani, Wei-Hsin Chen. Assessment of agro-industrial residues for bioenergy potential by investigating thermo-kinetic behavior in a slow pyrolysis process. Fuel. 2020; 278 ():118259.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSalman Raza Naqvi; Imtiaz Ali; Saqib Nasir; Syed Ali Ammar Taqvi; Abdulaziz Atabani; Wei-Hsin Chen. 2020. "Assessment of agro-industrial residues for bioenergy potential by investigating thermo-kinetic behavior in a slow pyrolysis process." Fuel 278, no. : 118259.
A.E. Atabani; Gopalakrishnan Kumar; Sang-Hyoun Kim. Editorial Preface for the Special Issue “The 3rd International Conference on Alternative Fuels, Energy & Environment: Futures and Challenges (ICAFEE 2018)” 28th–31st October 2018 Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, People’s Republic of China. Fuel 2020, 277, 118090 .
AMA StyleA.E. Atabani, Gopalakrishnan Kumar, Sang-Hyoun Kim. Editorial Preface for the Special Issue “The 3rd International Conference on Alternative Fuels, Energy & Environment: Futures and Challenges (ICAFEE 2018)” 28th–31st October 2018 Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, People’s Republic of China. Fuel. 2020; 277 ():118090.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA.E. Atabani; Gopalakrishnan Kumar; Sang-Hyoun Kim. 2020. "Editorial Preface for the Special Issue “The 3rd International Conference on Alternative Fuels, Energy & Environment: Futures and Challenges (ICAFEE 2018)” 28th–31st October 2018 Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, People’s Republic of China." Fuel 277, no. : 118090.
The aim of the current study is to manufacture molecular sieve from the defatted spent coffee ground. The defatted spent coffee ground for the specified particle size (100 μm) was chemically activated with different agents (ZnCl2, H3PO4, KOH) and then carbonized at different temperatures (400–900 °C). A thorough characterization of the produced activated carbon was performed and activated carbons with the highest BET surface area were subsequently used to produce carbon molecular sieve. The surface modification was performed with benzene vapor at different temperatures (600–900 °C) and different combustion times (30–90 min.). In addition to the BET analysis, SEM, TGA and FT-IR analysis were also undertaken. The results obtained through characterizations showed that the pore diameters of carbon molecular sieve produced from defatted spent coffee ground varied from 2 to 4 Å. To conclude, the results suggest that the fabricated carbon molecular sieve can be used for the removal of impurities such as CH4, CO2, NOx and other impurities in natural and biogas considering the porosity of the sieves.
M. Kaya; M.R. Atelge; M. Bekirogullari; Cigdem Eskicioglu; Abdulaziz Atabani; Gopalakrishnan Kumar; Y.S. Yildiz; S. Unalan. Carbon molecular sieve production from defatted spent coffee ground using ZnCl2 and benzene for gas purification. Fuel 2020, 277, 118183 .
AMA StyleM. Kaya, M.R. Atelge, M. Bekirogullari, Cigdem Eskicioglu, Abdulaziz Atabani, Gopalakrishnan Kumar, Y.S. Yildiz, S. Unalan. Carbon molecular sieve production from defatted spent coffee ground using ZnCl2 and benzene for gas purification. Fuel. 2020; 277 ():118183.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Kaya; M.R. Atelge; M. Bekirogullari; Cigdem Eskicioglu; Abdulaziz Atabani; Gopalakrishnan Kumar; Y.S. Yildiz; S. Unalan. 2020. "Carbon molecular sieve production from defatted spent coffee ground using ZnCl2 and benzene for gas purification." Fuel 277, no. : 118183.
This study focuses on combustion, emission, and performance analysis of JET-A fuel blends with various additives using a micro gas turbine engine. The amount of oxygen in fuel blends and atomization are the crucial parameters in the production of a higher combustion rate with less emission. Therefore, various ratios of additives (ethanol and pentanol) are blended with biofuel (rapeseed and canola-sunflower oil) to form the JET-A fuel blends by using Kay’s and Grunberg-Nissan mixing rules. The combustion, performance and emission parameters under different engine loads were examined. Results showed that all the blends logged higher static thrust with an appreciable reduction rate in the consumption of the fuel. Among different fuel blends, R20E (Jet-A 70% fuel, 20% Rapeseed, and 10% ethanol) showed 35% increase in static thrust associated with 41% reduction in thrust specific fuel consumption. Moreover, the blends R20E and CS20E (Jet-A fuel 70%, Canola- Sunflower 20% and 10% ethanol) indicated 24% and 10% increase in thermal efficiency respectively due to the influence of ethanol concentration and higher oxygen content. In addition, these fuel blends generate less emission of environmental unfriendly harmful gases, including NOx, CO, and HC, compared to neat Jet-A fuel. Results revealed that the exergy destruction values are higher for the combustion chamber than the other conventional fuel components.
S. Manigandan; A.E. Atabani; Vinoth Kumar Ponnusamy; P. Gunasekar. Impact of additives in Jet-A fuel blends on combustion, emission and exergetic analysis using a micro-gas turbine engine. Fuel 2020, 276, 118104 .
AMA StyleS. Manigandan, A.E. Atabani, Vinoth Kumar Ponnusamy, P. Gunasekar. Impact of additives in Jet-A fuel blends on combustion, emission and exergetic analysis using a micro-gas turbine engine. Fuel. 2020; 276 ():118104.
Chicago/Turabian StyleS. Manigandan; A.E. Atabani; Vinoth Kumar Ponnusamy; P. Gunasekar. 2020. "Impact of additives in Jet-A fuel blends on combustion, emission and exergetic analysis using a micro-gas turbine engine." Fuel 276, no. : 118104.