The transition of agriculture towards sustainability faces significant obstacles, such as increased demand for food, food insecurity, climate variability, biodiversity loss, and food waste, among others. Moreover, agricultural activities must address ethical practices within sustainable development. The literature frequently mentions two approaches to meet these challenges: agroecology and sustainable agriculture. This study aims to delineate the conceptual boundaries of agroecology and sustainable agriculture while elucidating their interconnection. It seeks to clarify the scope and limitations inherent in these agricultural practices, which is critical given the centrality of sustainable agriculture in agrarian studies. By establishing these boundaries, the research outlines the methodologies to identify the relevant variables and indicators required for effective stakeholder engagement within agricultural systems. A systematic literature review was conducted using the PRISMA method. The databases searched were Science Direct, Scopus, Nature, and Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria were (i) written in English or Spanish, (ii) published in a peer-reviewed academic journal, and (iii) related to the conceptualization of agroecology and sustainable agriculture. Publications were selected following the method’s identification, screening, eligibility, and inclusion guidelines. The main distinctions between the concepts are the scale and the scope. Agroecology reveals limitations to achieving impacts on food security and agriculture’s challenges in a large-scale system better suited for rural communities and small farms seeking locally adapted solutions. On the other hand, the literature reveals that it is crucial to adopt a multi-scale systems approach to meet the growing food demands of the global population, for which sustainable agriculture may be more effective.

Fleshy fruits represent a valuable resource of economic and nutritional relevance for humanity. The plant cuticle is the external lipid layer covering the nonwoody aerial organs of land plants, and it is the first contact between fruits and the environment. It has been hypothesized that the cuticle plays a role in the development, ripening, quality, resistance to pathogen attack and postharvest shelf life of fleshy fruits. The cuticle’s structure and composition change in response to the fruit’s developmental stage, fruit physiology and different postharvest treatments. This review summarizes current information on the physiology and molecular mechanism of cuticle biosynthesis and composition changes during the development, ripening and postharvest stages of fleshy fruits. A discussion and analysis of studies regarding the relationship between cuticle composition, water loss reduction and maintaining fleshy fruits’ postharvest quality are presented. An overview of the molecular mechanism of cuticle biosynthesis and efforts to elucidate it in fleshy fruits is included. Enhancing our knowledge about cuticle biosynthesis mechanisms and identifying specific transcripts, proteins and lipids related to quality traits in fleshy fruits could contribute to the design of biotechnological strategies to improve the quality and postharvest shelf life of these important fruit crops.

Objetivo: caracterizar la logística de transporte y su importancia en el desarrollo local en exportadores de uva de mesa de las localidades de Hermosillo, Pesqueira, Carbó y Guaymas, Sonora. Metodología: consistió en la aplicación de una entrevista semiestructurada a trece gerentes de organizaciones exportadoras de uva de mesa elegidos por conveniencia. Resultados: indican que la logística es un proceso clave en las operaciones de las organizaciones exportadoras. Limitantes: existe limitada disposición de los sujetos para responder la entrevista. Conclusiones: la logística de trasporte, en particular, se desarrolla acorde a lo que sugiere la logística internacional con connotaciones particulares y que han obligado a los gerentes a buscar mecanismos de eficiencia para poder cumplir con las exigencias que impone el mercado.

This article gives an account of the referential foundations of how the market conditions organizations to compete with intangible attributes of the product, which are related to the basic components of sustainability (social, environmental and economic). Likewise, the referential foundations of how equity management, as intangible market demand, propitiates organizational changes towards sustainability are provided. These conceptual bases do not appear tacitly in literature reviews and constitute an important conceptual structure to address the analysis of organizations. In the literature, research that deals with the issue of equity management, as an intangible market demand that encourages organizational changes to move towards sustainability, is limited, and it is crucial to mention that the process of its integration into management translates into guarantee of quality and business excellence that responds to an intangible market demand, which contributes to the creation of sustainable organizations.

Objetivo: Presentar el estado del arte en investigaciones sobre los circuitos largos de consumo como elemento impulsor de la agroecología en México. Metodología: Se utilizaron cinco bases de datos para encontrar artículos publicados entre 2017 y 2023 con palabras clave como "circuitos largos de consumo" y "agroecología". Hallazgos teóricos y prácticos: Se obtuvo un análisis referencial sobre la relación de los circuitos largos y agroecología en el sistema maíz en México, destacando un vacío de investigación. Originalidad transdiscilinar desde el punto de vista de la innovación sostenible: Estudio reciente y actualizado que contribuye al estado del arte en la aplicación de la agroecología y los circuitos largos de consumo en sistemas productivos agrícolas para la sostenibilidad. Conclusiones y limitaciones. Se necesita más investigación sobre los circuitos largos de como herramienta para impulsar la eficiencia de sistemas agroecológicos a escala comercial. La literatura se enfoca principalmente en los circuitos cortos de comercialización, como una alternativa al sistema agroindustrial y como herramienta de desarrollo económico local y social sustentable.

La presente investigación tiene el objetivo de mostrar evidencia referencial y empírica de cómo la no discriminación laboral por motivo de embarazo, constituye un elemento fundamental para la innovación social y permite avanzar en procesos que lleven a la conformación de organizaciones más justas y equitativas. La metodología se fundamenta en la aplicación de 14 entrevistas semiestructuradas a igual número de exportadoras de uva de mesa. El diseño de la investigación es no experimental, con un enfoque mixto; es de tipo intencional y correlacional (asociación). Los resultados revelan que en el sistema de vid de mesa existen organizaciones que ya han implementado estrategias de innovación social, mientras que hay algunas que están en el tránsito de su realización, y otras que apenas inician el proceso. Se concluye que aquellas organizaciones que presentan un mayor nivel de no discriminación laboral por motivo de embarazo, son las que tienen mayor nivel de innovación social.