The use of the linear magnetostrictive motor (LMM) in outer space, in the absence of Earth’s gravitational field and where extreme temperatures manifest, involves innovative technical solutions that result in significant construction changes. This paper highlights these constructive changes and presents the mathematical modeling followed by the numerical simulation of different operating regimes of LMM. The novelty of the design resides in using a bias coil instead, in addition to permanent magnets, to magnetize the magnetostrictive core and pulse width modulated (PWM) power sources to control the two coils of the LMM (bias and activation). The total absorbed current is less than 2 A, which results in the reduction of Joule losses. Moreover, a PWM source is provided to power and control a set of three Peltier elements aimed at cooling the device. The experiments validate the design of the LMM, which elicits it to power and control devices that may modulate fuel injection for rocket engines or for machines used to adjust positioning on circumterrestrial orbits.

The paper presents the construction of piezoelectric accelerometers, the mechano-electrical transfer mode, typical constructions, basic characteristics, and theoretical approaches to the vibration phenomenon appearing in accelerometry and calculation possibilities of the various characteristics of the transducers. In the second part of the paper, the functional testing of such a transducer is also presented, piezoelectric vibration transducers being useful for vibration determination and dynamic balancing of electric machines. In general, vibration transducers provide, through mechano-electrical conversion according to different principles, an electrical signal directly proportional to a vibration parameter (acceleration, travel speed, amplitude); depending on the principle, they can be piezoelectric, electrodynamic, inductive, capacitive, resistive or based on the Hall effect, with magnetic fluids, interferometric, laser, servo-accelerometers, etc. Since there is no universal accelerometer, each one is intended to encompass the characteristics of a concrete application best, the way of stressing the photosensitive medium in the first place, the design,, as well as the other characteristics, vary from one construction to another.

Two semiflexible piezoelectric composite plate structures were developed, incorporating 1 × 9 and 2 × 9 arrays of PZT elements mounted on brass discs and mechanically secured by pop rivets within a thin plastic foil spacer positioned between two copper-clad PCB layers. This configuration provides reliable electrical contact, adequate mechanical compliance, and efficient conversion of mechanical vibration energy into electrical energy. In addition, a multifunctional thermoelectric device was realized, consisting of four cubic modules arranged around a rectangular tube and enabling both handheld operation and coupling to hot or cold surfaces. Each cube is equipped with optimized finned heat sinks and integrates four thermoelectric elements on each face. Experimental results show that each cube generates approximately 6 mW, when handheld and with icy water injected into the central tube, demonstrating its suitability as a compact and versatile thermal energy harvester. Under low-light conditions, a solar panel is supplemented by this hybrid piezoelectric–thermoelectric energy harvesting system that combines the output of a piezoelectric composite plate with the dual outputs of a thermoelectric device using an electronically isolated summing block to ensure source decoupling. Energy storage and management are implemented using a capacitor buffer for the piezoelectric device, two voltage boosters for the thermoelectric outputs, and an automatic ultra-low-power pulse width modulation buck regulator for charging supercapacitors at 5 V.