Helen Gleeson

Prof. Helen Gleeson

Cavendish Professor of Physics, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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Research Focus & Metrics

Academic Career Length

32Years (1995-Present)

(Calculated once Scilit publication data is synced: current year − year of first publication + 1)

Representative Publications

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11 July 2024 in Nature Communications
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CGCalum J. Gibb
Calum J. Gibb
JHJordan Hobbs
Jordan Hobbs
DNDiana I. Nikolova
Diana I. Nikolova
TRThomas Raistrick
Thomas Raistrick
SBStuart Ryan Berrow
Stuart Ryan Berrow
Richard MandleRichard Mandle
Richard Mandle
Spontaneous symmetry breaking and emergent polar order are each of fundamental importance to a range of scientific disciplines, as well as generating rich phase behaviour in liquid crystals (LCs). Here, we show the union of these phenomena to lead to two previously undiscovered polar liquid states of matter. Both phases have a lamellar structure with an inherent polar ordering of their constituent molecules. The first of these phases is characterised by polar order and a local tilted structure; the tilt direction processes about a helix orthogonal to the layer normal, the period of which is such that we observe selective reflection of light. The second new phase type is anti-ferroelectric, with the constituent molecules aligning orthogonally to the layer normal. This has led us to term the phases the $${{{{{\rm{Sm}}}}}}{{{{{{\rm{C}}}}}}}_{{{{{{\rm{P}}}}}}}^{{{{{{\rm{H}}}}}}}$$ Sm C P H and SmAAF phases, respectively. Further to this, we obtain room temperature ferroelectric nematic (NF) and $${{{{{\rm{Sm}}}}}}{{{{{{\rm{C}}}}}}}_{{{{{{\rm{P}}}}}}}^{{{{{{\rm{H}}}}}}}$$ Sm C P H phases via binary mixture formulation of the novel materials described here with a standard NF compound (DIO), with the resultant materials having melting points (and/or glass transitions) which are significantly below ambient temperature. The new soft matter phase types discovered herein can be considered as electrical analogues of topological structures of magnetic spins in hard matter.

22 March 2021 in Nanomaterials
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MHMariam Hussain
Mariam Hussain
EJEthan I. L. Jull
Ethan I. L. Jull
Richard MandleRichard Mandle
Richard Mandle
TRThomas Raistrick
Thomas Raistrick
PHPeter J. Hine
Peter J. Hine
Helen GleesonHelen Gleeson
Helen Gleeson
The term liquid crystal elastomer (LCE) describes a class of materials that combine the elastic entropy behaviour associated with conventional elastomers with the stimuli responsive properties of anisotropic liquid crystals. LCEs consequently exhibit attributes of both elastomers and liquid crystals, but additionally have unique properties not found in either. Recent developments in LCE synthesis, as well as the understanding of the behaviour of liquid crystal elastomers—namely their mechanical, optical and responsive properties—is of significant relevance to biology and biomedicine. LCEs are abundant in nature, highlighting the potential use of LCEs in biomimetics. Their exceptional tensile properties and biocompatibility have led to research exploring their applications in artificial tissue, biological sensors and cell scaffolds by exploiting their actuation and shock absorption properties. There has also been significant recent interest in using LCEs as a model for morphogenesis. This review provides an overview of some aspects of LCEs which are of relevance in different branches of biology and biomedicine, as well as discussing how recent LCE advances could impact future applications.

4 December 2018 in Nature Communications
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DMDevesh Mistry
Devesh Mistry
SCS. D. Connell
S. D. Connell
SMS. L. Mickthwaite
S. L. Mickthwaite
PMPhilip Morgan
Philip Morgan
JCJ. H. Clamp
J. H. Clamp
Helen GleesonHelen Gleeson
Helen Gleeson
Auxetic materials have negative Poisson’s ratios and so expand rather than contract in one or several direction(s) perpendicular to applied extensions. The auxetics community has long sought synthetic molecular auxetics – non-porous, inherently auxetic materials which are simple to fabricate and avoid porosity-related weakening. Here, we report, synthetic molecular auxeticity for a non-porous liquid crystal elastomer. For strains above ~0.8 applied perpendicular to the liquid crystal director, the liquid crystal elastomer becomes auxetic with the maximum negative Poisson’s ratio measured to date being -0.74 ± 0.03 – larger than most values seen in naturally occurring molecular auxetics. The emergence of auxeticity coincides with the liquid crystal elastomer backbone adopting a negative order parameter, QB = -0.41 ± 0.01 – further implying negative liquid crystal ordering. The reported behaviours consistently agree with theoretical predictions from Warner and Terentjev liquid crystal elastomer theory. Our results open the door for the design of synthetic molecular auxetics.

9 May 2021 in ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
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XDXiaoxue Du
Xiaoxue Du
Yanjun LiuYanjun Liu
Yanjun Liu
FWFei Wang
Fei Wang
DZDongyu Zhao
Dongyu Zhao
Helen GleesonHelen Gleeson
Helen Gleeson
Dan LuoDan Luo
Dan Luo

7 September 2015 in Journal of Materials Chemistry C
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ZZZhaopeng Zhang
Zhaopeng Zhang
VPVitaly P. Panov
Vitaly P. Panov
MNMamatha Nagaraj
Mamatha Nagaraj
RMRichard J. Mandle
Richard J. Mandle
JGJohn W. Goodby
John W. Goodby
Helen GleesonHelen Gleeson
Helen Gleeson

Polarized Raman Spectroscopy (PRS) is used to quantify the orientational order in the conventional (N) and twist-bend (NTB) nematic phases of a homologous series of liquid crystalline dimers. The dimers investigated have 7, 8, 9 and 11 methylene groups connecting two cyanobiphenyl mesogens and data for 4-pentyl-4′-cyanobiphenyl (5CB) and 4-octyl-4′-cyanobiphenyl (8CB) are included for comparison. Simulated and measured Raman spectra for the materials are compared. PRS is used to determine both 〈P2〉 and 〈P4〉 order parameters across the nematic temperature range and immediately below the NTB–N phase transition using a model that takes into account the molecular bend of the odd dimers, which is described in detail. In the nematic phase, the odd dimers are found to exhibit rather low order parameters with 〈P2〉 taking values between 0.3 and 0.5 and 〈P4〉 about 0.25. In contrast, the even dimer shows extremely high values of the order parameters with 〈P2〉 taking values between 0.7 and 0.8 and 〈P4〉 between 0.4 and 0.45. For the odd dimers, the values of 〈P2〉 in the NTB phase are similar to those of the N phase, whereas 〈P4〉 jumps by approximately 5–10% and then decreases with temperature. On comparing the experimental data with the theoretical predictions, we find reasonable qualitative agreement for all materials with molecular field theory. The odd dimers, however, show higher 〈P4〉 values than obtained from theoretical models, a factor attributed to the neglect of molecular flexibility and biaxiality in the PRS analysis.


20 February 2019 in Lab on a Chip
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PBPeng Bao
Peng Bao
DPDaniel Alexander Paterson
Daniel Alexander Paterson
PHPatrick L. Harrison
Patrick L. Harrison
KMKeith Miller
Keith Miller
SPSally A. Peyman
Sally A. Peyman
Helen GleesonHelen Gleeson
Helen Gleeson
We describe a novel biosensor based on phospholipid-coated nematic liquid crystal (LC) droplets and demonstrate the detection of Smp43, a model antimicrobial peptide (AMP) from the venom of North African scorpion Scorpio maurus palmatus. Mono-disperse lipid-coated LC droplets of diameter 16.7 ± 0.2 μm were generated using PDMS microfluidic devices with a flow-focusing configuration and were the target for AMPs. The droplets were trapped in a bespoke microfluidic trap structure and were simultaneously treated with Smp43 at gradient concentrations in six different chambers. The disruption of the lipid monolayer by the Smp43 was detected (<6 μM) at concentrations well within its biologically active range, indicated by a dramatic change in the appearance of the droplets associated with the transition from a typical radial configuration to a bipolar configuration, which is readily observed by polarizing microscopy. This suggests the system has feasibility as a drug-discovery screening tool. Further, compared to previously reported LC droplet biosensors, this LC droplet biosensor with a lipid coating is more biologically relevant and its ease of use in detecting membrane-related biological processes and interactions has the potential for development as a reliable, low-cost and disposable point of care diagnostic tool.