This short review has summarized the significance of polyaniline (PANI) advanced polymer that focusing into their modification strategy, electrical conductivity and various potential applications. PANI is one type of conductive polymer that was synthesized by oxidative aniline polymerization with varied concentration of acid dopant. In recent year, many researches has been conducted specifically to enhance the electrical conductivity of PANI. There have been numbers of studies involving PANI that specially reported the electrical conductivity could be improved through proper dopant (acid) selection and robust composite strategy. The PANI based nanocomposite shows higher electrical conductivity by integrating it with nanofiller due to the filler-matrix interface contact. Therefore, by modifying the PANI properties, it could be benefited for various potential application in the future.

The aim of this work was to improve the processability of triglycidyl-p-aminophenol (TGPAP) epoxy resin. To achieve this improvement, a diluent, the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol F (DGEBF or BPF), was added to TGPAP, and the blended epoxy was then cured with 4, 4′-diaminodiphenyl sulfones (DDS). A response surface methodology (RSM) was used, with the target response being to achieve a blended resin with a high glass transition temperature (T_g) and maximum pot life (or processing window, PW). Characterization through dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) and using a rheometer indicated that the optimum formulation was obtained at 55.6 wt.% of BPF and a stoichiometric ratio of 0.60. Both values were predicted to give T_g at 180 °C and a processing window of up to 136.1 min. The predicted values were verified, with the obtained T_g and processing window (PW) being 181.2 ± 0.8 °C and 140 min, respectively, which is close to the values predicted using the RSM.

${\mathrm{Y}}_3{\mathrm{Fe}}_5{\mathrm{O}}_{12}$ (YIG) was prepared through sol-gel technique and sintered at three different temperatures (1000-1200δC). Various characterizations on the morphological and structural properties of produced YIG have been done as to understand the potential of this unique magnetic type nanomaterial to be used in the catalyst application for ammonia synthesis at ambient or green production environment. YIG catalyst exposed under magnetic induction of 0.1 T produced about 242.56μmol/h.g-cat yield of ammonia (${\mathrm{NH}}_3$ ) at freezing reaction temperature of 0δC. About 95.88% improvements of ${\mathrm{NH}}_3$ yield is produced in comparison with the absence of magnetic induction reaction condition (10μmol/h.g-cat). Synthesis at 25δC yielded reduction about 0.90% lower than the synthesis at 0δC temperature. Thus, it is proven that the temperature engaged the dominant roles in affecting the catalytic effect of YIG catalyst for NH3 production. Further parametric studies should be conducted as to explore the robustness of YIG catalyst for new route of ammonia production until the commercial scale-up could be achieved.

In recent years, polyurethane (PU) has attracted researchers’ attention due to their easily tailored properties to meet specific application requirements. PU and PU-based composites are being developed to be applied in various demanding fields such as aerospace, automotive, and electronics. This is because PU-based nanocomposites have numerous types of functional nanofiller integration. This has led to the advancement of polymer nanocomposite of PU with the inclusion of nanosised fillers for various specific purposes. In this short review article, the authors haves reviewed the fundamental or basic understanding of PU and several types of nanofillers used such as clay, carbon nanotubes, and graphene for PU-based nanocomposites development, as well as its potential applications.