The development of photocatalytic powders to remove contaminants from air solutions is an important field of research in the field of environmental conservation. CD/ZnO-H400, a heterogeneous photocatalytic production, is utilized to degrade the reactive red dye and the antibiotic ofloxacin found in wastewater. This study explains the synthesis of carbon dots (CDs) derived from coconut air and zinc oxide (ZnO) using a hydrothermal method at a temperature of 180 °C with a duration of 4 h and subsequently calcinated at a 400 °C temperature for 4 h. This shows a significant improvement in photocatalytic performance due to improved delivery efficiency at the interface. The cost-efficient use of solar energy allows the comprehensive elimination of harmful pollutants through detoxification. The removal of the contaminant takes place through the first-order reaction, with RR141 showing the highest constant rate at 0.03 min⁻¹, while ofloxacin has a constant speed at 0.01 min⁻¹. The photocatalytic stability is measured after five cycles. The study also tested the impact of sunlight on degradation, showing a degrading rate of 98% for RR141 and 96% for ofloxacin. This study displays a new catalyst powder synthesized from carbon dots derived from the air, coconut and ZnO, showing remarkable photoactivity to completely remove harmful dyes and antibiotics from the surrounding environment.

This study aims to synthesize carbon dots from a natural resource and will be used to detect a latent fingerprint on a non-porous surface. The carbon dots (CDs) were prepared by adding luminol to coconut water and ethanol via a hydrothermal method. Luminol enhances the chemiluminescence of the CDs, which show more distinct blue light under a UV lamp compared with bare CDs. To detect the latent fingerprint, luminol carbon dots (N-CDs) were combined with commercial starch and stirred at room temperature for 24 h. Their characteristics and optical properties were measured using EDX-SEM, HR-TEM, FTIR, XPS, UV–visible absorption, and fluorescence. In this research, it was found that the N-CDs had a d-spacing of 0.5 nm and a size of 12.9 nm. The N-CDs had a fluorescence intensity 551% higher than the standard normally used. N-CDs can be used to detect latent fingerprints on a non-porous surface and are easy to detect under a UV lamp at 395 nm. Therefore, luminol has a high potential to increase sensitive and stable traces of chemiluminescence from the green CDs for forensic latent fingerprint detection.

In this study, carbon quantum dots (CQDs) from Magnolia Grandiflora flower as a carbon precursor were obtained using a hydrothermal method under the optimized conditions affected by various heating times (14, 16, 18, and 20 min) and various electric power inputs (900–1400 W). Then, hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) was added to dope the CQDs under the same manner. The aqueous solution of the S-CQDs were characterized by FTIR, XPS, EDX/SEM, and TEM, with nanoparticle size at around 4 nm. Then, the as-prepared S-CQDs were successfully applied with fine corn starch for detection of minutiae latent fingerprints on non-porous surface materials. It is demonstrated that the minutiae pattern is more clearly seen under commercial UV lamps with a bright blue fluorescence intensity. Therefore, this research has proved that the S-CQDs derived from plant material have a better potential as fluorescent probes for latent fingerprint detection.

A large amount of agricultural waste was used to prepare cellulose (Cel) and then the surface was modified with PEI (Cel-PEI) using the microwave method. To be used as a metal adsorbent, the adsorption of Cr (VI) from an aqueous solution by Cel-PEI was measured using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) techniques. The parameters of Cr (VI) adsorption in solution by the Cel-PEI adsorbent were as follows: the pH of the solution was 3, the concentration of the chromium solution was 100 mg/L, and the adsorption time was 180 min at 30 °C using 0.01 g of adsorbent. Cel-PEI had a Cr (VI) adsorption capacity of 106.60 mg/g, while the unadjusted Cel was 23.40 mg/g and the material recovery showed a decrease in efficiency of 22.19% and 54.27% in the second and third cycles, respectively. The absorption isotherm of chromium adsorption was also observed. The Cel-PEI material conformed to the Langmuir model with an R² value of 0.9997. The kinetics of chromium adsorption showed that under pseudo-second-order analysis, with R² values of 0.9909 and 0.9958 for Cel and Cel-PEI materials, respectively. The G° and H° values of the adsorption process were negative, indicating that the adsorption is spontaneous and that the adsorption process is exothermic. The efficient preparation adsorbent materials for Cr (VI) was achieved using a short microwave method that is low-cost and environmentally friendly for use in the treatment of Cr-contaminated wastewater.