Colostrum is a natural product, issued by both mammals and humans in first week of lactation. Among different species, donkey colostrum is considered as having, besides a valuable composition in nutrients and immune factors, an outstanding similitude with human colostrum. In this context, and taking into account the scarcity of available data concerning the interaction between climate factors and colostrum quality, a trial was conducted aiming to identify the possible influence of environmental factors on donkey colostrum nutritional traits. A stock of 16 jennies from 2 farms located in the County of Cluj, during a 7 days postpartum period was analyzed. During experimental period the daily temperature, humidity, and wind velocity data were collected. Strong positive correlations may be reported between fat and lactose, and fat and protein respectively, while moderate to strong correlation is emphasized between lactose and protein content of donkey colostrum. Testing the influence of environmental temperature, relative humidity, and wind velocity influence upon nutritional content of donkey colostrum, results the neglectable influence of the wind velocity, the negative influence of the heat stress upon all studied colostrum components, and complex influence of relative humidity, which has positive influence on fat and lactose increase when it increases, while its increase has negative influence on protein content of donkey colostrum.

This narrative review evaluates the multi-scalar ecotoxicological capacity of the guppy (Poecilia reticulata) as an integrative model organism for monitoring endocrine-disrupting chemicals and establishing sustainable water-quality assessment protocols. By virtue of its distinct biological attributes, including vivid sexual dimorphism, viviparous reproduction, and a thoroughly mapped behavioral repertoire, this teleost species uniquely bridges the interpretive gap between sub-organismal molecular changes and broad individual reproductive fitness. The synthesized evidence demonstrates that diverse contaminant classes, ranging from legacy steroidal estrogens and antiandrogenic pesticides to industrial organotins and emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), provoke mechanism-specific toxicities that disrupt hepatic vitellogenin production and neuroendocrine brain aromatase pathways. These physiological initiating events directly propagate into diminished sperm motility, degraded secondary sexual ornamentation, altered courtship tactics, and distorted population sex ratios. Furthermore, this review addresses the applied utility of P. reticulata bioassays in measuring the net ecological hazards of complex industrial wastewaters and chemical mixtures. Ultimately, the work situates the guppy within modernized, tiered environmental monitoring frameworks that pair targeted chemical profiling with animal-sparing New Approach Methodologies (NAMs), thereby reinforcing resource-efficient and ethically sustainable strategies for protective global water management.

The pine trees may support the consequences of the action of a series of various natural harmful factors, as break downs determined by strong winds, storms, or large amounts of snow, pathogens and mites’ attacks, and also anthropogenic harmful factors. The research was developed in Reghin Forestry District, arrangement unity Breaza 2, county of Mureş, in the year 2012. The biological material consisted of pine (Pinus nigra) trees, 40 years old. The following climatic and pine tree developmental parameters were monitored: temperature, humidity, and rainfall regimen, pine height, pine average diameter, and pine slenderness ratio. The experimental research emphasizes climatic conditions represented by an annual temperature of 9.27ºC, atmospheric humidity of 71.17%, and rainfall regimen of 5.48 mm. The averages of the diameter of the pine trees is of 11.76 m, of the height of 11.19 m, and of the slenderness ratio of 0.95, while the statistical analyze is repr4esentative. A strong positive correlation between pine trees’ diameter and height, of 88.70%, representative for 78.60% of the sample may be mentioned, ande between diameter and slenderness ratio, the correlation is equal to 0.452, representative t for 20.40%.

The growing imperative for sustainable development generates research in the field and explores innovative approaches to manage vegetable crops to reduce the usage of synthetic inputs commonly associated with conventional practices as well as to promote the undertaking of organic solutions. Tomatoes are universally recognized as a highly significant and popular fruit vegetable due to their large use palette. Trials were carried out in the Gâlgău area, Transylvania, Romania. Bifactorial experiments were organized to quantify the influence of fertilization and treatments on the morpho-productive and quantitative traits of the Ruxandra tomato cultivar and on Phytophthora infestans levels of infection. The use of mixed fertilization resulted in the best performances of morphological traits (highest leaf area, highest number of leaves and fruits, highest chlorophyll content) and part of the productive traits (highest content of dry matter), and the lowest levels of infection in cv. Ruxandra, while the use of NPK soil fertilization led to the best performances in fruit weight and NUE, whatever the administered treatment. The treatment with herbal extracts showed a similar efficacy in increasing the averages of morpho-productive traits and diminishing the P. infestans level of infection compared with the conventional treatment. The treatment efficacy was mainly influenced by temperature and relative air humidity, regardless of the fertilization strategies applied.

Ligula spp. are widespread cestodes, but their epidemiology remains insufficiently characterized across Romanian freshwater ecosystems. This study investigated factors associated with Ligula sp. plerocercoid infection in fish. A total of 8547 fish representing 36 species were collected from lentic and lotic ecosystems between February 2025 and September 2026 and examined by necropsy. Ligula sp. infection was detected in 311 fish from five cyprinid and leuciscid species, with an overall prevalence of 3.64%, mean intensity of 1.81 plerocercoids per infected fish, and mean abundance of 0.066 per examined fish. Prevalence was significantly associated with fish length class, aquatic ecosystem type, season, and host species (all p < 0.001), and was highest in the 5–9.9 cm length class (11.3%), lentic ecosystems (7.4%), and summer (11.2%). Greater body length was associated with lower odds of infection (OR = 0.773 per 1-cm increase, 95% CI: 0.748–0.798), while lotic ecosystems were associated with lower odds than lentic ecosystems (OR = 0.0057, 95% CI: 0.0014–0.0230). Higher Fulton’s condition factor was also associated with lower odds of infection (OR = 0.228, 95% CI: 0.152–0.342). These findings provide epidemiological data on Ligula sp. infection in freshwater fish and highlight variation according to host size, season, and ecosystem type, which may inform targeted surveillance and aquaculture biosecurity.