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Antonia Susca
Institute of Science of Food Production—ISPA, Research National Council—CNR, Via Amendola, 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy

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Journal article
Published: 22 July 2021 in Toxins
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The tomato is one of the most consumed agri-food products in Lebanon. Several fungal pathogens, including Alternaria species, can infect tomato plants during the whole growing cycle. Alternaria infections cause severe production and economic losses in field and during storage. In addition, Alternaria species represent a serious toxicological risk since they are able to produce a wide range of mycotoxins, associated with different toxic activities on human and animal health. Several Alternaria species were detected on tomatoes, among which the most important are A. solani, A. alternata, and A. arborescens. A set of 49 Alternaria strains isolated from leaves and stems of diseased tomato plants were characterised by using a polyphasic approach. All strains were included in the recently defined phylogenetic Alternaria section and grouped in three well-separated sub-clades, namely A. alternata (24 out of 49), A. arborescens (12 out of 49), and A. mali morpho-species (12 out of 49). One strain showed high genetic similarity with an A.limoniasperae reference strain. Chemical analyses showed that most of the Alternaria strains, cultured on rice, were able to produce alternariol (AOH), alternariol methyl ether (AME), altenuene (ALT) and tenuazonic acid (TA), with values up to 5634, 16,006, 5156, and 4507 mg kg−1, respectively. In addition, 66% of the strains were able to co-produce simultaneously the four mycotoxins investigated. The pathogenicity test carried out on 10 Alternaria strains, representative of phylogenetic sub-clades, revealed that they were all pathogenic on tomato fruits. No significant difference among strains was observed, although A. alternata and A. arborescens strains were slightly more aggressive than A. mali morpho-species strains. This paper reports new insights on mycotoxin profiles, genetic variability, and pathogenicity of Alternaria species on tomatoes.

ACS Style

Wassim Habib; Mario Masiello; Romy El Ghorayeb; Elvis Gerges; Antonia Susca; Giuseppe Meca; Juan Quiles; Antonio Logrieco; Antonio Moretti. Mycotoxin Profile and Phylogeny of Pathogenic Alternaria Species Isolated from Symptomatic Tomato Plants in Lebanon. Toxins 2021, 13, 513 .

AMA Style

Wassim Habib, Mario Masiello, Romy El Ghorayeb, Elvis Gerges, Antonia Susca, Giuseppe Meca, Juan Quiles, Antonio Logrieco, Antonio Moretti. Mycotoxin Profile and Phylogeny of Pathogenic Alternaria Species Isolated from Symptomatic Tomato Plants in Lebanon. Toxins. 2021; 13 (8):513.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wassim Habib; Mario Masiello; Romy El Ghorayeb; Elvis Gerges; Antonia Susca; Giuseppe Meca; Juan Quiles; Antonio Logrieco; Antonio Moretti. 2021. "Mycotoxin Profile and Phylogeny of Pathogenic Alternaria Species Isolated from Symptomatic Tomato Plants in Lebanon." Toxins 13, no. 8: 513.

Journal article
Published: 30 June 2021 in Toxins
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In 2017–2018, extensive symptoms of sudden decline and fruit rot were observed on date palms in southern Tunisia. Samples of diseased plants were randomly collected in six localities. Based on morphological identification, Fusarium was the most frequent fungal genus detected. A sequencing of translation elongation factor, calmodulin, and second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II genes was used to identify 63 representative Fusarium strains at species level and investigate their phylogenetic relationships. The main species detected was Fusarium proliferatum, and at a much lesser extent, Fusarium brachygibbosum, Fusarium caatingaense, Fusarium clavum, Fusarium incarnatum, and Fusarium solani. Pathogenicity on the Deglet Nour variety plantlets and the capability to produce mycotoxins were also assessed. All Fusarium species were pathogenic complying Koch’s postulates. Fusarium proliferatum strains produced mainly fumonisins (FBs), beauvericin (BEA), and, to a lesser extent, enniatins (ENNs) and moniliformin (MON). All F. brachygibbosum strains produced low levels of BEA, diacetoxyscirpenol, and neosolaniol; two strains produced also T-2 toxin, and a single strain produced HT-2 toxin. Fusarium caatingaense, F. clavum, F. incarnatum produced only BEA. Fusarium solani strains produced MON, BEA, and ENNs. This work reports for the first time a comprehensive multidisciplinary study of Fusarium species on date palms, concerning both phytopathological and food safety issues.

ACS Style

Amal Rabaaoui; Chiara Dall’Asta; Laura Righetti; Antonia Susca; Antonio Logrieco; Ahmed Namsi; Radhouane Gdoura; Stefaan Werbrouck; Antonio Moretti; Mario Masiello. Phylogeny and Mycotoxin Profile of Pathogenic Fusarium Species Isolated from Sudden Decline Syndrome and Leaf Wilt Symptoms on Date Palms (Phoenix dactylifera) in Tunisia. Toxins 2021, 13, 463 .

AMA Style

Amal Rabaaoui, Chiara Dall’Asta, Laura Righetti, Antonia Susca, Antonio Logrieco, Ahmed Namsi, Radhouane Gdoura, Stefaan Werbrouck, Antonio Moretti, Mario Masiello. Phylogeny and Mycotoxin Profile of Pathogenic Fusarium Species Isolated from Sudden Decline Syndrome and Leaf Wilt Symptoms on Date Palms (Phoenix dactylifera) in Tunisia. Toxins. 2021; 13 (7):463.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Amal Rabaaoui; Chiara Dall’Asta; Laura Righetti; Antonia Susca; Antonio Logrieco; Ahmed Namsi; Radhouane Gdoura; Stefaan Werbrouck; Antonio Moretti; Mario Masiello. 2021. "Phylogeny and Mycotoxin Profile of Pathogenic Fusarium Species Isolated from Sudden Decline Syndrome and Leaf Wilt Symptoms on Date Palms (Phoenix dactylifera) in Tunisia." Toxins 13, no. 7: 463.

Journal article
Published: 23 February 2021 in International Journal of Food Microbiology
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Ochratoxins are a group of mycotoxins that frequently occur as contaminants in agricultural commodities and foods, including dry-cured meats and cheeses. The fungus Aspergillus westerdijkiae is frequently isolated from aged foods and can produce ochratoxin A (OTA). However, individual strains of the fungus can have one of two OTA production phenotypes (chemotypes): OTA production and OTA nonproduction. Monitoring and early detection of OTA-producing fungi in food are the most effective strategies to manage OTA contamination. Therefore, we examined genome sequence data from five A. westerdijkiae strains isolated from the surface of cheese from southern Italy to identify genetic markers indicative of the twoOTA chemotypes. This analysis revealed a naturally occurring deletion of the OTA regulatory gene, otaR, in an OTA-nonproducing isolate.We used this information to design a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method that could identify A. westerdijkiae and distinguish between the two OTA chemotypes. In this method, the PCR primers were complementary to conserved sequences flanking otaR and yielded different-sized amplicons from strains with the different chemotypes. The primers did not yield ota-region-specific amplicons from other OTA-producing species. Because the method is specific to A. westerdijkiae and can distinguish between the two OTA chemotypes, it has potential to significantly improve OTA monitoring programs.

ACS Style

Antonia Susca; Pamela Anelli; Miriam Haidukowski; Crystal E. Probyn; Filomena Epifani; Antonio F. Logrieco; Antonio Moretti; Robert H. Proctor. A PCR method to identify ochratoxin A-producing Aspergillus westerdijkiae strains on dried and aged foods. International Journal of Food Microbiology 2021, 344, 109113 .

AMA Style

Antonia Susca, Pamela Anelli, Miriam Haidukowski, Crystal E. Probyn, Filomena Epifani, Antonio F. Logrieco, Antonio Moretti, Robert H. Proctor. A PCR method to identify ochratoxin A-producing Aspergillus westerdijkiae strains on dried and aged foods. International Journal of Food Microbiology. 2021; 344 ():109113.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Antonia Susca; Pamela Anelli; Miriam Haidukowski; Crystal E. Probyn; Filomena Epifani; Antonio F. Logrieco; Antonio Moretti; Robert H. Proctor. 2021. "A PCR method to identify ochratoxin A-producing Aspergillus westerdijkiae strains on dried and aged foods." International Journal of Food Microbiology 344, no. : 109113.

Research article
Published: 17 November 2020 in Phytopathology®
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Scientific communication is facilitated by a data-driven, scientifically sound taxonomy that considers the end-user's needs and established successful practice. Previously (Geiser et al. 2013; Phytopathology 103:400-408. 2013), the Fusarium community voiced near unanimous support for a concept of Fusarium that represented a clade comprising all agriculturally and clinically important Fusarium species, including the F. solani Species Complex (FSSC). Subsequently, this concept was challenged by one research group (Lombard et al. 2015 Studies in Mycology 80: 189-245) who proposed dividing Fusarium into seven genera, including the FSSC as the genus Neocosmospora, with subsequent justification based on claims that the Geiser et al. (2013) concept of Fusarium is polyphyletic (Sandoval-Denis et al. 2018; Persoonia 41:109-129). Here we test this claim, and provide a phylogeny based on exonic nucleotide sequences of 19 orthologous protein-coding genes that strongly support the monophyly of Fusarium including the FSSC. We reassert the practical and scientific argument in support of a Fusarium that includes the FSSC and several other basal lineages, consistent with the longstanding use of this name among plant pathologists, medical mycologists, quarantine officials, regulatory agencies, students and researchers with a stake in its taxonomy. In recognition of this monophyly, 40 species recently described as Neocosmospora were recombined in Fusarium, and nine others were renamed Fusarium. Here the global Fusarium community voices strong support for the inclusion of the FSSC in Fusarium, as it remains the best scientific, nomenclatural and practical taxonomic option available.

ACS Style

David M Geiser; Abdullah Al-Hatmi; Takayuki Aoki; Tsutomu Arie; Virgilio Balmas; Irene Barnes; Gary C Bergstrom; M.K. K. Bhattacharyya; Cheryl L. Blomquist; Robert Bowden; Balázs Brankovics; Daren W. Brown; Lester William Burgess; Kathryn Bushley; Mark Busman; José F. Cano-Lira; Joseph D. Carrillo; Hao-Xun Chang; Chi-Yu Chen; Wanquan Chen; Martin I. Chilvers; Sofia Noemi Chulze; Jeffrey J. Coleman; Christina A. Cuomo; Z. Wilhelm De Beer; G. Sybren De Hoog; Johanna Del Castillo-Múnera; Emerson Del Ponte; Javier Diéguez-Uribeondo; Antonio Di Pietro; Vérnonique Edel-Hermann; Wade H Elmer; Lynn Epstein; Akif Eskalen; Maria Carmela Esposto; Kathryne L. Everts; Sylvia P. Fernández-Pavía; Gilvan Ferreira Da Silva; Nora A Foroud; Gerda Fourie; Rasmus J.N. Frandsen; Stanley Freeman; Michael Freitag; Omer Frenkel; Kevin K Fuller; Tatiana Gagkaeva; Donald Max Gardiner; Anthony E. Glenn; Scott Gold; Tom Gordon; Nancy F. Gregory; Marieka Gryzenhout; Josep Guarro; Beth Gugino; Santiago Gutiérrez; Kim Hammond-Kosack; Linda J. Harris; Mónika Homa; Cheng-Fang Hong; László Hornok; Jenn-Wen Huang; Macit Ilkit; Adriaana Jacobs; Karin Jacobs; Cong Jiang; Maria Del Mar Jimenez-Gasco; Seogchan Kang; Matthew T Kasson; Kemal Kazan; John Carlyle Kennell; Hyeseon Kim; Harold Corby Kistler; Gretchen A. Kuldau; Tomasz Kulik; Oliver Kurzai; Imane Laraba; Matthew H. Laurence; Theresa Yun Lee; Yin-Won Lee; Yong-Hwan Lee; John F. Leslie; Edward C.Y. Liew; Lily W. Lofton; Antonio Logrieco; Manuel Sánchez López-Berges; Alicia Graciela Luque; Erik Lysøe; Li-Jun Ma; Robert E Marra; Frank N. Martin; Sara Ruth May; Susan McCormick; Chyanna T McGee; Jacques F. Meis; Quirico Migheli; Nik Mohd Izham Mohamed Nor; Michel Monod; Antonio Moretti; Diane Mostert; Giuseppina. Mulé; Françoise Munaut; Gary P Munkvold; Paul Nicholson; Marcio Nucci; Kerry O'Donnell; Matias Pasquali; Ludwig H. Pfenning; Anna Prigitano; Robert Proctor; Stéphane Ranque; Stephen Rehner; Martijn Rep; Gerardo Rodríguez-Alvarado; Lindy J Rose; Mitchell George Roth; Carmen Ruiz-Roldán; Amgad A Saleh; Baharuddin Salleh; Hyunkyu Sang; Mercedes Scandiani; Jonathan Scauflaire; David Schmale; Dylan Pg Short; Adnan Šišić; Jason Smith; Christopher W. Smyth; Hokyoung Son; Ellie Spahr; Jason E Stajich; Emma Steenkamp; Christian Steinberg; Rajagopal Subramaniam; Haruhisa Suga; Brett Anthony Summerell; Antonella Susca; Cassandra Lynn Swett; Christopher Toomajian; Terry Jarianna Torres-Cruz; Anna Maria Tortorano; Martin Urban; Lisa J. Vaillancourt; Gary E Vallad; Theo Van Der Lee; Dan Vanderpool; Anne D. Van Diepeningen; Martha Vaughan; Eduard Venter; Marcele Vermeulen; Paul E. Verweij; Altus Viljoen; Cees Waalwijk; Emma C. Wallace; Grit Walther; Jie Wang; Todd Ward; Brian Wickes; Nathan P. Wiederhold; Michael J. Wingfield; Ana K.M. Wood; Jin-Rong Xu; X. B. Yang; Tapani Yli-Matilla; Sung-Hwan Yun; Latiffah Zakaria; Hao Zhang; Ning Zhang; Sean Zhang; Xue Zhang. Phylogenomic analysis of a 55.1 kb 19-gene dataset resolves a monophyletic Fusarium that includes the Fusarium solani Species Complex. Phytopathology® 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

David M Geiser, Abdullah Al-Hatmi, Takayuki Aoki, Tsutomu Arie, Virgilio Balmas, Irene Barnes, Gary C Bergstrom, M.K. K. Bhattacharyya, Cheryl L. Blomquist, Robert Bowden, Balázs Brankovics, Daren W. Brown, Lester William Burgess, Kathryn Bushley, Mark Busman, José F. Cano-Lira, Joseph D. Carrillo, Hao-Xun Chang, Chi-Yu Chen, Wanquan Chen, Martin I. Chilvers, Sofia Noemi Chulze, Jeffrey J. Coleman, Christina A. Cuomo, Z. Wilhelm De Beer, G. Sybren De Hoog, Johanna Del Castillo-Múnera, Emerson Del Ponte, Javier Diéguez-Uribeondo, Antonio Di Pietro, Vérnonique Edel-Hermann, Wade H Elmer, Lynn Epstein, Akif Eskalen, Maria Carmela Esposto, Kathryne L. Everts, Sylvia P. Fernández-Pavía, Gilvan Ferreira Da Silva, Nora A Foroud, Gerda Fourie, Rasmus J.N. Frandsen, Stanley Freeman, Michael Freitag, Omer Frenkel, Kevin K Fuller, Tatiana Gagkaeva, Donald Max Gardiner, Anthony E. Glenn, Scott Gold, Tom Gordon, Nancy F. Gregory, Marieka Gryzenhout, Josep Guarro, Beth Gugino, Santiago Gutiérrez, Kim Hammond-Kosack, Linda J. Harris, Mónika Homa, Cheng-Fang Hong, László Hornok, Jenn-Wen Huang, Macit Ilkit, Adriaana Jacobs, Karin Jacobs, Cong Jiang, Maria Del Mar Jimenez-Gasco, Seogchan Kang, Matthew T Kasson, Kemal Kazan, John Carlyle Kennell, Hyeseon Kim, Harold Corby Kistler, Gretchen A. Kuldau, Tomasz Kulik, Oliver Kurzai, Imane Laraba, Matthew H. Laurence, Theresa Yun Lee, Yin-Won Lee, Yong-Hwan Lee, John F. Leslie, Edward C.Y. Liew, Lily W. Lofton, Antonio Logrieco, Manuel Sánchez López-Berges, Alicia Graciela Luque, Erik Lysøe, Li-Jun Ma, Robert E Marra, Frank N. Martin, Sara Ruth May, Susan McCormick, Chyanna T McGee, Jacques F. Meis, Quirico Migheli, Nik Mohd Izham Mohamed Nor, Michel Monod, Antonio Moretti, Diane Mostert, Giuseppina. Mulé, Françoise Munaut, Gary P Munkvold, Paul Nicholson, Marcio Nucci, Kerry O'Donnell, Matias Pasquali, Ludwig H. Pfenning, Anna Prigitano, Robert Proctor, Stéphane Ranque, Stephen Rehner, Martijn Rep, Gerardo Rodríguez-Alvarado, Lindy J Rose, Mitchell George Roth, Carmen Ruiz-Roldán, Amgad A Saleh, Baharuddin Salleh, Hyunkyu Sang, Mercedes Scandiani, Jonathan Scauflaire, David Schmale, Dylan Pg Short, Adnan Šišić, Jason Smith, Christopher W. Smyth, Hokyoung Son, Ellie Spahr, Jason E Stajich, Emma Steenkamp, Christian Steinberg, Rajagopal Subramaniam, Haruhisa Suga, Brett Anthony Summerell, Antonella Susca, Cassandra Lynn Swett, Christopher Toomajian, Terry Jarianna Torres-Cruz, Anna Maria Tortorano, Martin Urban, Lisa J. Vaillancourt, Gary E Vallad, Theo Van Der Lee, Dan Vanderpool, Anne D. Van Diepeningen, Martha Vaughan, Eduard Venter, Marcele Vermeulen, Paul E. Verweij, Altus Viljoen, Cees Waalwijk, Emma C. Wallace, Grit Walther, Jie Wang, Todd Ward, Brian Wickes, Nathan P. Wiederhold, Michael J. Wingfield, Ana K.M. Wood, Jin-Rong Xu, X. B. Yang, Tapani Yli-Matilla, Sung-Hwan Yun, Latiffah Zakaria, Hao Zhang, Ning Zhang, Sean Zhang, Xue Zhang. Phylogenomic analysis of a 55.1 kb 19-gene dataset resolves a monophyletic Fusarium that includes the Fusarium solani Species Complex. Phytopathology®. 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

David M Geiser; Abdullah Al-Hatmi; Takayuki Aoki; Tsutomu Arie; Virgilio Balmas; Irene Barnes; Gary C Bergstrom; M.K. K. Bhattacharyya; Cheryl L. Blomquist; Robert Bowden; Balázs Brankovics; Daren W. Brown; Lester William Burgess; Kathryn Bushley; Mark Busman; José F. Cano-Lira; Joseph D. Carrillo; Hao-Xun Chang; Chi-Yu Chen; Wanquan Chen; Martin I. Chilvers; Sofia Noemi Chulze; Jeffrey J. Coleman; Christina A. Cuomo; Z. Wilhelm De Beer; G. Sybren De Hoog; Johanna Del Castillo-Múnera; Emerson Del Ponte; Javier Diéguez-Uribeondo; Antonio Di Pietro; Vérnonique Edel-Hermann; Wade H Elmer; Lynn Epstein; Akif Eskalen; Maria Carmela Esposto; Kathryne L. Everts; Sylvia P. Fernández-Pavía; Gilvan Ferreira Da Silva; Nora A Foroud; Gerda Fourie; Rasmus J.N. Frandsen; Stanley Freeman; Michael Freitag; Omer Frenkel; Kevin K Fuller; Tatiana Gagkaeva; Donald Max Gardiner; Anthony E. Glenn; Scott Gold; Tom Gordon; Nancy F. Gregory; Marieka Gryzenhout; Josep Guarro; Beth Gugino; Santiago Gutiérrez; Kim Hammond-Kosack; Linda J. Harris; Mónika Homa; Cheng-Fang Hong; László Hornok; Jenn-Wen Huang; Macit Ilkit; Adriaana Jacobs; Karin Jacobs; Cong Jiang; Maria Del Mar Jimenez-Gasco; Seogchan Kang; Matthew T Kasson; Kemal Kazan; John Carlyle Kennell; Hyeseon Kim; Harold Corby Kistler; Gretchen A. Kuldau; Tomasz Kulik; Oliver Kurzai; Imane Laraba; Matthew H. Laurence; Theresa Yun Lee; Yin-Won Lee; Yong-Hwan Lee; John F. Leslie; Edward C.Y. Liew; Lily W. Lofton; Antonio Logrieco; Manuel Sánchez López-Berges; Alicia Graciela Luque; Erik Lysøe; Li-Jun Ma; Robert E Marra; Frank N. Martin; Sara Ruth May; Susan McCormick; Chyanna T McGee; Jacques F. Meis; Quirico Migheli; Nik Mohd Izham Mohamed Nor; Michel Monod; Antonio Moretti; Diane Mostert; Giuseppina. Mulé; Françoise Munaut; Gary P Munkvold; Paul Nicholson; Marcio Nucci; Kerry O'Donnell; Matias Pasquali; Ludwig H. Pfenning; Anna Prigitano; Robert Proctor; Stéphane Ranque; Stephen Rehner; Martijn Rep; Gerardo Rodríguez-Alvarado; Lindy J Rose; Mitchell George Roth; Carmen Ruiz-Roldán; Amgad A Saleh; Baharuddin Salleh; Hyunkyu Sang; Mercedes Scandiani; Jonathan Scauflaire; David Schmale; Dylan Pg Short; Adnan Šišić; Jason Smith; Christopher W. Smyth; Hokyoung Son; Ellie Spahr; Jason E Stajich; Emma Steenkamp; Christian Steinberg; Rajagopal Subramaniam; Haruhisa Suga; Brett Anthony Summerell; Antonella Susca; Cassandra Lynn Swett; Christopher Toomajian; Terry Jarianna Torres-Cruz; Anna Maria Tortorano; Martin Urban; Lisa J. Vaillancourt; Gary E Vallad; Theo Van Der Lee; Dan Vanderpool; Anne D. Van Diepeningen; Martha Vaughan; Eduard Venter; Marcele Vermeulen; Paul E. Verweij; Altus Viljoen; Cees Waalwijk; Emma C. Wallace; Grit Walther; Jie Wang; Todd Ward; Brian Wickes; Nathan P. Wiederhold; Michael J. Wingfield; Ana K.M. Wood; Jin-Rong Xu; X. B. Yang; Tapani Yli-Matilla; Sung-Hwan Yun; Latiffah Zakaria; Hao Zhang; Ning Zhang; Sean Zhang; Xue Zhang. 2020. "Phylogenomic analysis of a 55.1 kb 19-gene dataset resolves a monophyletic Fusarium that includes the Fusarium solani Species Complex." Phytopathology® , no. : 1.

Article
Published: 17 June 2020 in Applied and Environmental Microbiology
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Fusarium subglutinans and F. temperatum are sister species and maize pathogens commonly isolated worldwide that can produce several mycotoxins and cause seedling disease, stalk rot, and ear rot. The ability of these species to produce beauvericin and fumonisin mycotoxins is not settled, as reports of toxin production are not concordant at the species level. Our results are consistent with previous reports that strains of F. subglutinans produce neither fumonisins nor beauvericin. The status of toxin production by F. temperatum needs further work. Our strains of F. temperatum did not produce fumonisins, while some strains produced beauvericin and others did not. These results enable more accurate risk assessments of potential mycotoxin contamination if strains of these species are present. The nature of the genetic inactivation of BEA1 is consistent with its relatively recent occurrence and the close phylogenetic relationship of the two sister species.

ACS Style

M. Veronica Fumero; Alessandra Villani; Antonia Susca; Miriam Haidukowski; Maria T. Cimmarusti; Christopher Toomajian; John F. Leslie; Sofia N. Chulze; Antonio Moretti. Fumonisin and Beauvericin Chemotypes and Genotypes of the Sister Species Fusarium subglutinans and Fusarium temperatum. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 2020, 86, 1 .

AMA Style

M. Veronica Fumero, Alessandra Villani, Antonia Susca, Miriam Haidukowski, Maria T. Cimmarusti, Christopher Toomajian, John F. Leslie, Sofia N. Chulze, Antonio Moretti. Fumonisin and Beauvericin Chemotypes and Genotypes of the Sister Species Fusarium subglutinans and Fusarium temperatum. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 2020; 86 (13):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M. Veronica Fumero; Alessandra Villani; Antonia Susca; Miriam Haidukowski; Maria T. Cimmarusti; Christopher Toomajian; John F. Leslie; Sofia N. Chulze; Antonio Moretti. 2020. "Fumonisin and Beauvericin Chemotypes and Genotypes of the Sister Species Fusarium subglutinans and Fusarium temperatum." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 86, no. 13: 1.

Journal article
Published: 03 June 2020 in International Journal of Food Microbiology
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Fusarium fujikuroi species complex (FFSC) species are commonly encountered infecting rice, but knowledge of the diversity and toxigenic potential of the species is lacking in Brazil, the largest rice-producing country outside Asia. One hundred FFSC isolates obtained from national rice were identified using morphology and phylogeny of TEF, CAL and TUB genes. Eight previously known and one novel Fusarium species were identified. Three species accounted for around 60% of the strains: F. fujikuroi (n = 23), F. proliferatum (n = 22) and F. verticillioides (n = 16). The less frequent species were F. volatile (n = 8), F. anthophilum (n = 6), F. pseudocircinatum (n = 4), F. sterilihyphosum (n = 2) and F. begoniae (n = 1). The novel Fusarium species was represented by 18 isolates. All species produced at least one of the analyzed mycotoxins [beauvericin (BEA), fumonisins (FBs), moniliformin (MON) and enniatins (ENNs)]. BEA was produced by all species but F. verticillioides. The FBs (mainly FB1) were produced mostly by F. fujikuroi, F. proliferatum and F. verticillioides. F. begoniae and F. verticillioides did not produce ENNs and F. sterilihyphosum and F. begoniae did not produce MON, while the other species produced MON and ENNs. Our results add new knowledge of the diversity, geographical distribution and host range of FFSC species.

ACS Style

Camila P. Nicolli; Miriam Haidukowski; Antonia Susca; Larissa B. Gomes; Antonio Logrieco; Gaetano Stea; Emerson M. Del Ponte; Antonio Moretti; Ludwig H. Pfenning. Fusarium fujikuroi species complex in Brazilian rice: Unveiling increased phylogenetic diversity and toxigenic potential. International Journal of Food Microbiology 2020, 330, 108667 .

AMA Style

Camila P. Nicolli, Miriam Haidukowski, Antonia Susca, Larissa B. Gomes, Antonio Logrieco, Gaetano Stea, Emerson M. Del Ponte, Antonio Moretti, Ludwig H. Pfenning. Fusarium fujikuroi species complex in Brazilian rice: Unveiling increased phylogenetic diversity and toxigenic potential. International Journal of Food Microbiology. 2020; 330 ():108667.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Camila P. Nicolli; Miriam Haidukowski; Antonia Susca; Larissa B. Gomes; Antonio Logrieco; Gaetano Stea; Emerson M. Del Ponte; Antonio Moretti; Ludwig H. Pfenning. 2020. "Fusarium fujikuroi species complex in Brazilian rice: Unveiling increased phylogenetic diversity and toxigenic potential." International Journal of Food Microbiology 330, no. : 108667.

Journal article
Published: 23 April 2020 in Toxins
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Black point is a fungal disease of wheat, mainly associated with mycotoxigenic Alternaria species. Affected wheat kernels are characterized by dark brown discolouration of the embryo region and reduction of grain quality. Potential risk is the possible accumulation of Alternaria mycotoxins, alternariol (AOH), alternariol-monomethyl ether (AME), tenuazonic acid (TA), and altenuene (ALT), provided by haemato-toxic, genotoxic, and mutagenic activities. One hundred and twenty durum wheat samples belonging to 30 different genotypes grown in Bologna and Modena areas, in Italy, showing black point symptoms, were analyzed for Alternaria species and their mycotoxin contamination. Alternariol was selected as an indicator of the capability of the Alternaria species to produce mycotoxin in vivo in field conditions. The data showed that Alternaria species occurred in 118 out of 120 wheat kernels samples, with the incidence of infected kernels ranging between 1% and 26%. Moreover, AOH was detected by using a HPLC with a diode array detector (LC-DAD) in 98 out of 120 samples with values ranging between 24 and 262 µg Kg−1. Ninety-two Alternaria representative strains, previously identified morphologically, were identified at species/section level using gene sequencing, and therefore were analyzed for their mycotoxin profiles. Eighty-four strains, phylogenetically grouped in the Alternaria section, produced AOH, AME, and TA with values up to 8064, 14,341, and 3683 µg g−1, respectively, analyzed by using a LC-DAD. On the other hand, eight Alternaria strains, included in Infectoriae Section, showed a very low or no capability to produce mycotoxins.

ACS Style

Mario Masiello; Stefania Somma; Antonia Susca; Veronica Ghionna; Antonio Francesco Logrieco; Matteo Franzoni; Stefano Ravaglia; Giuseppe Meca; Antonio Moretti. Molecular Identification and Mycotoxin Production by Alternaria Species Occurring on Durum Wheat, Showing Black Point Symptoms. Toxins 2020, 12, 275 .

AMA Style

Mario Masiello, Stefania Somma, Antonia Susca, Veronica Ghionna, Antonio Francesco Logrieco, Matteo Franzoni, Stefano Ravaglia, Giuseppe Meca, Antonio Moretti. Molecular Identification and Mycotoxin Production by Alternaria Species Occurring on Durum Wheat, Showing Black Point Symptoms. Toxins. 2020; 12 (4):275.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mario Masiello; Stefania Somma; Antonia Susca; Veronica Ghionna; Antonio Francesco Logrieco; Matteo Franzoni; Stefano Ravaglia; Giuseppe Meca; Antonio Moretti. 2020. "Molecular Identification and Mycotoxin Production by Alternaria Species Occurring on Durum Wheat, Showing Black Point Symptoms." Toxins 12, no. 4: 275.

Journal article
Published: 28 February 2020 in Food Microbiology
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Fumonisins contamination of food commodities is a worldwide problem, especially for maize. The ability to produce fumonisinsis a trait of several species of Fusarium, mainly F. verticillioides and F. proliferatum on maize, and some Aspergillus species. A. niger and its sister species A. welwitschiae, can contribute to fumonisin B2 (FB2) accumulation in maize kernels, although to a lesser extent than fumonisin-producing Fusarium species. Fumonisins risk monitoring represents an effective strategy in the integrated approach for mycotoxin risk management and reduction. The availability of a user-friendlymolecular assay for the detection oftoxigenic fungal species represents a valuable tool in understanding and managing upcoming mycotoxin contamination. In this study, we developed a LAMP assay, based on the detection of fum10, for a rapid and specific molecular detection of FB2-producing A. niger and A. welwistchiae, potentially useful to perform monitoring directly “on site” in maize chain. Results showed that very low amounts of conidia are suitable to detect the presence of the target gene, thus providing information about the presence of FB2-producing Aspergillus species and the possible upcoming fumonisins contamination in maize. The assay was combined with a suitable protocol for “in field” crude DNA extraction and a colorimetric method for easy naked-eye evaluationof results, offering a reliable and user-friendly tool to support effective reduction strategies of mycotoxin contamination in crop management programs.

ACS Style

Massimo Ferrara; Antonio F. Logrieco; Antonio Moretti; Antonia Susca. A loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for rapid detection of fumonisin producing Aspergillus species. Food Microbiology 2020, 90, 103469 .

AMA Style

Massimo Ferrara, Antonio F. Logrieco, Antonio Moretti, Antonia Susca. A loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for rapid detection of fumonisin producing Aspergillus species. Food Microbiology. 2020; 90 ():103469.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Massimo Ferrara; Antonio F. Logrieco; Antonio Moretti; Antonia Susca. 2020. "A loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for rapid detection of fumonisin producing Aspergillus species." Food Microbiology 90, no. : 103469.

Journal article
Published: 14 February 2020 in Toxins
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Knowledge of the genetic diversity detected among fungal species belonging to the genus Aspergillus is of key importance for explaining their important ecological role in the environment and agriculture. The current study aimed to identify Aspergillus species occurring in the rhizosphere of sugarcane in the South of Iran, and to investigate their mycotoxin profiles. One-hundred and twenty-five Aspergillus strains were isolated from the soil of eight major sugarcane-producing sites, and were molecularly identified using sequences of partial β-tubulin (benA) and partial calmodulin (CaM) genes. Our molecular and phylogenetic results showed that around 70% of strains belonged to the Aspergillus section Nigri, and around 25% of species belonged to the Aspergillus section Terrei. Species belonging to both sections are able to produce different mycotoxins. The production of mycotoxins was measured for each species, according to their known mycotoxin profile: patulin (PAT) and sterigmatocystin (STG) for Aspergillus terreus; ochratoxin A (OTA) and fumonisins for Aspergillus welwitschiae; and OTA alone for Aspergillus tubingensis. The data showed that the production of OTA was detected in only 4 out of 10 strains of A. welwitschiae, while none of the A. tubingensis strains analyzed produced the mycotoxin. Fumonisins were produced by 8 out of 10 strains of A. welwitschiae. Finally, none of the 23 strains of A. terreus produced STG, while 13 of them produced PAT. The occurrence of such mycotoxigenic plant pathogens among the fungal community occurring in soil of sugarcane fields may represent a significant source of inoculum for the possible colonization of sugarcane plants, since the early stages of plant growth, due to the mycotoxin production capability, could have worrisome implications in terms of both the safety and loss of products at harvest.

ACS Style

Maryam Tavakol Noorabadi; Valiollah Babaeizad; Rasoul Zare; Bita Asgari; Miriam Haidukowski; Filomena Epifani; Gaetano Stea; Antonio Moretti; Antonio Francesco Logrieco; Antonia Susca. Isolation, Molecular Identification, and Mycotoxin Production of Aspergillus Species Isolated from the Rhizosphere of Sugarcane in the South of Iran. Toxins 2020, 12, 122 .

AMA Style

Maryam Tavakol Noorabadi, Valiollah Babaeizad, Rasoul Zare, Bita Asgari, Miriam Haidukowski, Filomena Epifani, Gaetano Stea, Antonio Moretti, Antonio Francesco Logrieco, Antonia Susca. Isolation, Molecular Identification, and Mycotoxin Production of Aspergillus Species Isolated from the Rhizosphere of Sugarcane in the South of Iran. Toxins. 2020; 12 (2):122.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Maryam Tavakol Noorabadi; Valiollah Babaeizad; Rasoul Zare; Bita Asgari; Miriam Haidukowski; Filomena Epifani; Gaetano Stea; Antonio Moretti; Antonio Francesco Logrieco; Antonia Susca. 2020. "Isolation, Molecular Identification, and Mycotoxin Production of Aspergillus Species Isolated from the Rhizosphere of Sugarcane in the South of Iran." Toxins 12, no. 2: 122.

Journal article
Published: 26 December 2019 in International Journal of Food Microbiology
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Accurate identification of fungi occurring on agrofood products is the key aspect of any prevention and pest management program, offering valuable information in leading crop health and food safety. Fungal species misidentification can dramatically impact biodiversity assessment, ecological studies, management decisions, and, concerning toxigenic fungi, health risk assessment, since they can produce a wide range of toxic secondary metabolites, referred to as mycotoxins. Since each toxigenic fungal species can have its own mycotoxin profile, a correct species identification, hereby attempted with universal DNA barcoding approach, could have a key role in mycotoxins prevention strategies. Currently, identification of single marker for species resolution in fungi has not been achieved and the analysis of multiple genes is used, with the advantage of an accurate species identification and disadvantage of difficult setting up of PCR-based diagnostic assays. In the present paper, we describe our strategy to set up a DNA-based species identification of fungal species associated with maize ear rot, combining DNA barcoding approach and species-specific primers design for PCR based assays. We have (i) investigated the appropriate molecular marker for species identification, limited to mycobiota possibly occurring on maize, identifying calmodulin gene as single taxonomically informative entity; (ii) designed 17 sets of primers for rapid identification of 14 Fusarium, 10 Aspergillus, 2 Penicillium, and 2 Talaromyces species or species groups, and finally (iii) tested specificity of the 17 set of primers, in combination with 3 additional sets previously developed.

ACS Style

Antonia Susca; Alessandra Villani; Antonio Moretti; Gaetano Stea; Antonio Logrieco. Identification of toxigenic fungal species associated with maize ear rot: Calmodulin as single informative gene. International Journal of Food Microbiology 2019, 319, 108491 .

AMA Style

Antonia Susca, Alessandra Villani, Antonio Moretti, Gaetano Stea, Antonio Logrieco. Identification of toxigenic fungal species associated with maize ear rot: Calmodulin as single informative gene. International Journal of Food Microbiology. 2019; 319 ():108491.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Antonia Susca; Alessandra Villani; Antonio Moretti; Gaetano Stea; Antonio Logrieco. 2019. "Identification of toxigenic fungal species associated with maize ear rot: Calmodulin as single informative gene." International Journal of Food Microbiology 319, no. : 108491.

Journal article
Published: 11 December 2019 in Fungal Genetics and Biology
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Trichothecenes are among the mycotoxins of most concern to food and feed safety and are produced by species in two lineages of Fusarium: the F. incarnatum-equiseti (FIESC) and F. sambucinum (FSAMSC) species complexes. Previous functional analyses of the trichothecene biosynthetic gene (TRI) cluster in members of FSAMSC indicate that the transcription factor gene TRI6 activates expression of other TRI cluster genes. In addition, previous sequence analyses indicate that the FIESC TRI cluster includes TRI6 and another uncharacterized transcription factor gene (hereafter TRI21) that was not reported in FSAMSC. Here, gene deletion analysis indicated that in FIESC TRI6 functions in a manner similar to FSAMSC, whereas TRI21 activated expression of some genes that function late in the trichothecene biosynthetic pathway but not early-pathway genes. Consistent with this finding, TRI21 was required for formation of diacetoxyscripenol, a late-trichothecene-pathway product, but not for isotrichodermin, an early-pathway product. Although intact homologs of TRI21 were not detected in FSAMSC or other trichothecene-producing fungal genera, TRI21 fragments were detected in some FSAMSC species. This suggests that the gene was acquired by Fusarium after divergence from other trichothecene-producing fungi, was subsequently lost in FSAMSC, but was retained in FIESC. Together, our results indicate fundamental differences in regulation of trichothecene biosynthesis in FIESC and FSAMSC.

ACS Style

Daren W. Brown; Alessandra Villani; Antonia Susca; Antonio Moretti; Guixia Hao; Hye-Seon Kim; Robert H. Proctor; Susan P. McCormick. Gain and loss of a transcription factor that regulates late trichothecene biosynthetic pathway genes in Fusarium. Fungal Genetics and Biology 2019, 136, 103317 .

AMA Style

Daren W. Brown, Alessandra Villani, Antonia Susca, Antonio Moretti, Guixia Hao, Hye-Seon Kim, Robert H. Proctor, Susan P. McCormick. Gain and loss of a transcription factor that regulates late trichothecene biosynthetic pathway genes in Fusarium. Fungal Genetics and Biology. 2019; 136 ():103317.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daren W. Brown; Alessandra Villani; Antonia Susca; Antonio Moretti; Guixia Hao; Hye-Seon Kim; Robert H. Proctor; Susan P. McCormick. 2019. "Gain and loss of a transcription factor that regulates late trichothecene biosynthetic pathway genes in Fusarium." Fungal Genetics and Biology 136, no. : 103317.

Comparative study
Published: 24 April 2019 in BMC Genomics
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The Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex (FIESC) comprises 33 phylogenetically distinct species that have been recovered from diverse biological sources, but have been most often isolated from agricultural plants and soils. Collectively, members of FIESC can produce diverse mycotoxins. However, because the species diversity of FIESC has been recognized only recently, the potential of species to cause mycotoxin contamination of crop plants is unclear. In this study, therefore, we used comparative genomics to investigate the distribution of and variation in genes and gene clusters responsible for the synthesis of mycotoxins and other secondary metabolites (SMs) in FIESC. We examined genomes of 13 members of FIESC that were selected based primarily on their phylogenetic diversity and/or occurrence on crops. The presence and absence of SM biosynthetic gene clusters varied markedly among the genomes. For example, the trichothecene mycotoxin as well as the carotenoid and fusarubin pigment clusters were present in all genomes examined, whereas the enniatin, fusarin, and zearalenone mycotoxin clusters were present in only some genomes. Some clusters exhibited discontinuous patterns of distribution in that their presence and absence was not correlated with the phylogenetic relationships of species. We also found evidence that cluster loss and horizontal gene transfer have contributed to such distribution patterns. For example, a combination of multiple phylogenetic analyses suggest that five NRPS and seven PKS genes were introduced into FIESC from other Fusarium lineages. Our results suggest that although the portion of the genome devoted to SM biosynthesis has remained similar during the evolutionary diversification of FIESC, the ability to produce SMs could be affected by the different distribution of related functional and complete gene clusters.

ACS Style

Alessandra Villani; Robert H. Proctor; Hye-Seon Kim; Daren W. Brown; Antonio F. Logrieco; Maria Teresa Amatulli; Antonio Moretti; Antonia Susca. Variation in secondary metabolite production potential in the Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex revealed by comparative analysis of 13 genomes. BMC Genomics 2019, 20, 1 -22.

AMA Style

Alessandra Villani, Robert H. Proctor, Hye-Seon Kim, Daren W. Brown, Antonio F. Logrieco, Maria Teresa Amatulli, Antonio Moretti, Antonia Susca. Variation in secondary metabolite production potential in the Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex revealed by comparative analysis of 13 genomes. BMC Genomics. 2019; 20 (1):1-22.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alessandra Villani; Robert H. Proctor; Hye-Seon Kim; Daren W. Brown; Antonio F. Logrieco; Maria Teresa Amatulli; Antonio Moretti; Antonia Susca. 2019. "Variation in secondary metabolite production potential in the Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex revealed by comparative analysis of 13 genomes." BMC Genomics 20, no. 1: 1-22.

Journal article
Published: 22 January 2019 in BMC Infectious Diseases
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The human respiratory tract represents the major portal of entry for numerous microorganisms, primarily those occurring as airborne particles such as viral and bacterial entities, or fungal spores. Microorganism characteristics coupled with the local host immune response will determine whether they will be cleared or adhere and colonize the airways leading to acute or chronic pulmonary disease. Like bacteria, fungi can cause severe lung diseases, but their infection rates are much lower. The lung microbiota is commonly sampled using relatively invasive bronchoscopic procedures. Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) collection offers a potentially less invasive alternative for lung microbiota sampling. This study tries to determine the composition of fungal communities in a cohort of healthy adult volunteer subjects from Puglia (Apulia), Italy. Fungi diversity in 27 EBC samples collected from Italian adult volunteers was investigated using conventional microbiological culturing and DNA sequencing approach. Ten tested subjects (37,03%) turned out to present fungi in the EBC. We observed complex fungal communities, in which more than 10% of the isolated species are represented by Aspergillus sydowii (14,8%) and Cladosporium spp (11,11%). Three subjects that showed fungal presence in EBC have been diagnosed with a respiratory disease. We present a survey of an important scientific field in its early stages that is fungal contamination of airways of healthy subjects in a small geographic area. Furthermore, we interpreted our results to highlight the potential role of fungi in the context of respiratory diseases.

ACS Style

Giovanna Elisiana Carpagnano; Antonia Susca; Giulia Scioscia; Donato Lacedonia; Grazia Cotugno; Piera Soccio; Sonia Santamaria; Onofrio Resta; Giuseppe Logrieco; Maria Pia Foschino Barbaro. A survey of fungal microbiota in airways of healthy volunteer subjects from Puglia (Apulia), Italy. BMC Infectious Diseases 2019, 19, 78 .

AMA Style

Giovanna Elisiana Carpagnano, Antonia Susca, Giulia Scioscia, Donato Lacedonia, Grazia Cotugno, Piera Soccio, Sonia Santamaria, Onofrio Resta, Giuseppe Logrieco, Maria Pia Foschino Barbaro. A survey of fungal microbiota in airways of healthy volunteer subjects from Puglia (Apulia), Italy. BMC Infectious Diseases. 2019; 19 (1):78.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giovanna Elisiana Carpagnano; Antonia Susca; Giulia Scioscia; Donato Lacedonia; Grazia Cotugno; Piera Soccio; Sonia Santamaria; Onofrio Resta; Giuseppe Logrieco; Maria Pia Foschino Barbaro. 2019. "A survey of fungal microbiota in airways of healthy volunteer subjects from Puglia (Apulia), Italy." BMC Infectious Diseases 19, no. 1: 78.

Journal article
Published: 18 December 2018 in Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi
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Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Angola, Gnomoniopsis angolensis and Pseudopithomyces angolensis on unknown host plants. Australia, Dothiora corymbiae on Corymbia citriodora, Neoeucasphaeria eucalypti (incl. Neoeucasphaeria gen. nov.)on Eucalyptus sp., Fumagopsis stellae on Eucalyptus sp., Fusculina eucalyptorum (incl. Fusculinaceae fam. nov.) on Eucalyptus socialis, Harknessia corymbiicola on Corymbia maculata, Neocelosporium eucalypti (incl. Neocelosporium gen. nov., Neocelosporiaceae fam. nov. and Neocelosporiales ord. nov.) on Eucalyptus cyanophylla, Neophaeomoniella corymbiae on Corymbia citriodora, Neophaeomoniella eucalyptigena on Eucalyptus pilularis, Pseudoplagiostoma corymbiicola on Corymbia citriodora, Teratosphaeria gracilis on Eucalyptus gracilis, Zasmidium corymbiae on Corymbia citriodora. Brazil, Calonectria hemileiae on pustules of Hemileia vastatrix formed on leaves of Coffea arabica, Calvatia caatinguensis on soil, Cercospora solani-betacei on Solanum betaceum, Clathrus natalensis on soil, Diaporthe poincianellae on Poincianella pyramidalis, Geastrum piquiriunense on soil, Geosmithia carolliae on wing of Carollia perspicillata, Henningsia resupinata on wood, Penicillium guaibinense from soil, Periconia caespitosa from leaf litter, Pseudocercospora styracina on Styrax sp., Simplicillium filiforme as endophyte from Citrullus lanatus, Thozetella pindobacuensis on leaf litter, Xenosonderhenia coussapoae on Coussapoa floccosa. Canary Islands (Spain), Orbilia amarilla on Euphorbia canariensis. Cape Verde Islands, Xylodon jacobaeus on Eucalyptus camaldulensis. Chile, Colletotrichum arboricola on Fuchsia magellanica. Costa Rica, Lasiosphaeria miniovina ontreebranch. Ecuador, Ganoderma chocoense ontreetrunk. France, Neofitzroyomyces nerii (incl. Neofitzroyomyces gen. nov.) on Nerium oleander. Ghana, Castanediella tereticornis on Eucalyptus tereticornis, Falcocladium africanum on Eucalyptus brassiana, Rachicladosporium corymbiae on Corymbia citriodora. Hungary, Entoloma silvae-frondosae in Carpinus betulus-Pinus sylvestris mixedforest. Iran, Pseudopyricularia persiana on Cyperus sp. Italy, Inocybe roseascens onsoilinmixedforest. Laos, Ophiocordyceps houaynhangensis on Coleoptera larva. Malaysia, Monilochaetes melastomae on Melastoma sp. Mexico, Absidia terrestris fromsoil. Netherlands, Acaulium pannemaniae, Conioscypha boutwelliae, Fusicolla septimanifiniscientiae, Gibellulopsis simonii, Lasionectria hilhorstii, Lectera nordwiniana, Leptodiscella rintelii, Parasarocladium debruynii and Sarocladium dejongiae (incl. Sarocladiaceae fam. nov.) fromsoil. New Zealand, Gnomoniopsis rosae on Rosa sp. and Neodevriesia metrosideri on Metrosideros sp. Puerto Rico, Neodevriesia coccolobae on Coccoloba uvifera, Neodevriesia tabebuiae and Alfaria tabebuiae on Tabebuia chrysantha . Russia, Amanita paludosa on bogged soil in mixed deciduous forest, Entoloma tiliae in forest of Tilia × europaea, Kwoniella endophytica on Pyrus communis. South Africa, Coniella diospyri on Diospyros mespiliformis, Neomelanconiella combreti (incl. Neomelanconiellaceae fam. nov. and Neomelanconiella gen. nov.)on Combretum sp., Polyphialoseptoria natalensis on unidentified plant host, Pseudorobillarda bolusanthi on Bolusanthus speciosus, Thelonectria pelargonii on Pelargonium sp. Spain, Vermiculariopsiella lauracearum and Anungitopsis lauri on Laurus novocanariensis, Geosmithia xerotolerans from a darkened wall of a house, Pseudopenidiella gallaica on leaf litter. Thailand, Corynespora thailandica on wood, Lareunionomyces loeiensis on leaf litter, Neocochlearomyces chromolaenae (incl. Neocochlearomyces gen. nov.) on Chromolaena odorata, Neomyrmecridium septatum (incl. Neomyrmecridium gen. nov .), Pararamichloridium caricicola on Carex sp., Xenodactylaria thailandica (incl. Xenodactylariaceae fam. nov. and Xenodactylaria gen. nov.), Neomyrmecridium asiaticum and Cymostachys thailandica fromunidentifiedvine. USA, Carolinigaster bonitoi (incl. Carolinigaster gen. nov.)fromsoil, Penicillium fortuitum from house dust, Phaeotheca shathenatiana (incl. Phaeothecaceae fam. nov.) from twig and cone litter, Pythium wohlseniorum from stream water, Superstratomyces tardicrescens from human eye, Talaromyces iowaense from officeair. Vietnam, Fistulinella olivaceoalba onsoil. Morphological and culture characteristics along with DNA barcodes are provided Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Angola, Gnomoniopsis angolensis and Pseudopithomyces angolensis on unknown host plants. Australia, Dothiora corymbiae on Corymbia citriodora, Neoeucasphaeria eucalypti (incl. Neoeucasphaeria gen. nov.)on Eucalyptus sp., Fumagopsis stellae on Eucalyptus sp., Fusculina eucalyptorum (incl. Fusculinaceae fam. nov.) on Eucalyptus socialis, Harknessia corymbiicola on Corymbia maculata, Neocelosporium eucalypti (incl. Neocelosporium gen. nov., Neocelosporiaceae fam. nov. and Neocelosporiales ord. nov.) on Eucalyptus cyanophylla, Neophaeomoniella corymbiae on Corymbia citriodora, Neophaeomoniella eucalyptigena on Eucalyptus pilularis, Pseudoplagiostoma corymbiicola on Corymbia citriodora, Teratosphaeria gracilis on Eucalyptus gracilis, Zasmidium corymbiae on Corymbia citriodora. Brazil, Calonectria hemileiae on pustules of Hemileia vastatrix formed on leaves of Coffea arabica, Calvatia caatinguensis on soil, Cercospora solani-betacei on Solanum betaceum, Clathrus natalensis on soil, Diaporthe poincianellae on Poincianella pyramidalis, Geastrum piquiriunense on soil, Geosmithia carolliae on wing of Carollia perspicillata, Henningsia resupinata on wood, Penicillium guaibinense from soil, Periconia caespitosa from leaf litter, Pseudocercospora styracina on Styrax sp., Simplicillium filiforme as endophyte from Citrullus lanatus, Thozetella pindobacuensis on leaf litter, Xenosonderhenia coussapoae on Coussapoa floccosa. Canary...

ACS Style

P.W. Crous; J.J. Luangsa-Ard; M.J. Wingfield; A.J. Carnegie; M. Hernández-Restrepo; L. Lombard; J. Roux; R.W. Barreto; I.G. Baseia; J.F. Cano-Lira; M.P. Martín; O.V. Morozova; A.M. Stchigel; B.A. Summerell; T.E. Brandrud; B. Dima; D. García; A. Giraldo; J. Guarro; L.F.P. Gusmão; P. Khamsuntorn; M.E. Noordeloos; S. Nuankaew; U. Pinruan; E. Rodríguez-Andrade; C.M. Souza-Motta; R. Thangavel; A.L. van Iperen; V.P. Abreu; T. Accioly; J.L. Alves; J.P. Andrade; M. Bahram; H.-O. Baral; E. Barbier; C.W. Barnes; E. Bendiksen; E. Bernard; J.D.P. Bezerra; E. Bizio; J.E. Blair; T.M. Bulyonkova; T.S. Cabral; M.V. Caiafa; T. Cantillo; A.A. Colmán; L.B. Conceição; S. Cruz; A.O.B. Cunha; B.A. Darveaux; A.L. da Silva; G.A. da Silva; R.M.F. da Silva; R.J.V. de Oliveira; J.T. De Souza; M. Dueñas; H.C. Evans; F. Epifani; M.T.C. Felipe; J. Fernández-López; B.W. Ferreira; C.N. Figueiredo; N.V. Filippova; J.A. Flores; J. Gené; G. Ghorbani; T.B. Gibertoni; A.M. Glushakova; R. Healy; S.M. Huhndorf; I. Iturrieta-González; M. Javan-Nikkhah; R.F. Juciano; Ž Jurjević; A.V. Kachalkin; K. Keochanpheng; I. Krisai-Greilhuber; Y.-C. Li; A.A. Lima; A.R. Machado; H. Madrid; O.M.C. Magalhães; P.A.S. Marbach; G.C.S. Melanda; A.N. Miller; S. Mongkolsamrit; R.P. Nascimento; T.G.L. Oliveira; M.E. Ordoñez; R. Orzes; M.A. Palma; C.J. Pearce; O.L. Pereira; G. Perrone; S.W. Peterson; T.H.G. Pham; E. Piontelli; A. Pordel; L. Quijada; H.A. Raja; E. Rosas de Paz; L. Ryvarden; A. Saitta; S.S. Salcedo; M. Sandoval-Denis; T.A.B. Santos; K.A. Seifert; B.D.B. Silva; M.E. Smith; A.M. Soares; S. Sommai; J.O. Sousa; S. Suetrong; A. Susca; L. Tedersoo; M.T. Telleria; D. Thanakitpipattana; N. Valenzuela-Lopez; C.M. Visagie; M. Zapata; J.Z. Groenewald. Fungal Planet description sheets: 785– 867. Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi 2018, 41, 238 -417.

AMA Style

P.W. Crous, J.J. Luangsa-Ard, M.J. Wingfield, A.J. Carnegie, M. Hernández-Restrepo, L. Lombard, J. Roux, R.W. Barreto, I.G. Baseia, J.F. Cano-Lira, M.P. Martín, O.V. Morozova, A.M. Stchigel, B.A. Summerell, T.E. Brandrud, B. Dima, D. García, A. Giraldo, J. Guarro, L.F.P. Gusmão, P. Khamsuntorn, M.E. Noordeloos, S. Nuankaew, U. Pinruan, E. Rodríguez-Andrade, C.M. Souza-Motta, R. Thangavel, A.L. van Iperen, V.P. Abreu, T. Accioly, J.L. Alves, J.P. Andrade, M. Bahram, H.-O. Baral, E. Barbier, C.W. Barnes, E. Bendiksen, E. Bernard, J.D.P. Bezerra, E. Bizio, J.E. Blair, T.M. Bulyonkova, T.S. Cabral, M.V. Caiafa, T. Cantillo, A.A. Colmán, L.B. Conceição, S. Cruz, A.O.B. Cunha, B.A. Darveaux, A.L. da Silva, G.A. da Silva, R.M.F. da Silva, R.J.V. de Oliveira, J.T. De Souza, M. Dueñas, H.C. Evans, F. Epifani, M.T.C. Felipe, J. Fernández-López, B.W. Ferreira, C.N. Figueiredo, N.V. Filippova, J.A. Flores, J. Gené, G. Ghorbani, T.B. Gibertoni, A.M. Glushakova, R. Healy, S.M. Huhndorf, I. Iturrieta-González, M. Javan-Nikkhah, R.F. Juciano, Ž Jurjević, A.V. Kachalkin, K. Keochanpheng, I. Krisai-Greilhuber, Y.-C. Li, A.A. Lima, A.R. Machado, H. Madrid, O.M.C. Magalhães, P.A.S. Marbach, G.C.S. Melanda, A.N. Miller, S. Mongkolsamrit, R.P. Nascimento, T.G.L. Oliveira, M.E. Ordoñez, R. Orzes, M.A. Palma, C.J. Pearce, O.L. Pereira, G. Perrone, S.W. Peterson, T.H.G. Pham, E. Piontelli, A. Pordel, L. Quijada, H.A. Raja, E. Rosas de Paz, L. Ryvarden, A. Saitta, S.S. Salcedo, M. Sandoval-Denis, T.A.B. Santos, K.A. Seifert, B.D.B. Silva, M.E. Smith, A.M. Soares, S. Sommai, J.O. Sousa, S. Suetrong, A. Susca, L. Tedersoo, M.T. Telleria, D. Thanakitpipattana, N. Valenzuela-Lopez, C.M. Visagie, M. Zapata, J.Z. Groenewald. Fungal Planet description sheets: 785– 867. Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi. 2018; 41 (1):238-417.

Chicago/Turabian Style

P.W. Crous; J.J. Luangsa-Ard; M.J. Wingfield; A.J. Carnegie; M. Hernández-Restrepo; L. Lombard; J. Roux; R.W. Barreto; I.G. Baseia; J.F. Cano-Lira; M.P. Martín; O.V. Morozova; A.M. Stchigel; B.A. Summerell; T.E. Brandrud; B. Dima; D. García; A. Giraldo; J. Guarro; L.F.P. Gusmão; P. Khamsuntorn; M.E. Noordeloos; S. Nuankaew; U. Pinruan; E. Rodríguez-Andrade; C.M. Souza-Motta; R. Thangavel; A.L. van Iperen; V.P. Abreu; T. Accioly; J.L. Alves; J.P. Andrade; M. Bahram; H.-O. Baral; E. Barbier; C.W. Barnes; E. Bendiksen; E. Bernard; J.D.P. Bezerra; E. Bizio; J.E. Blair; T.M. Bulyonkova; T.S. Cabral; M.V. Caiafa; T. Cantillo; A.A. Colmán; L.B. Conceição; S. Cruz; A.O.B. Cunha; B.A. Darveaux; A.L. da Silva; G.A. da Silva; R.M.F. da Silva; R.J.V. de Oliveira; J.T. De Souza; M. Dueñas; H.C. Evans; F. Epifani; M.T.C. Felipe; J. Fernández-López; B.W. Ferreira; C.N. Figueiredo; N.V. Filippova; J.A. Flores; J. Gené; G. Ghorbani; T.B. Gibertoni; A.M. Glushakova; R. Healy; S.M. Huhndorf; I. Iturrieta-González; M. Javan-Nikkhah; R.F. Juciano; Ž Jurjević; A.V. Kachalkin; K. Keochanpheng; I. Krisai-Greilhuber; Y.-C. Li; A.A. Lima; A.R. Machado; H. Madrid; O.M.C. Magalhães; P.A.S. Marbach; G.C.S. Melanda; A.N. Miller; S. Mongkolsamrit; R.P. Nascimento; T.G.L. Oliveira; M.E. Ordoñez; R. Orzes; M.A. Palma; C.J. Pearce; O.L. Pereira; G. Perrone; S.W. Peterson; T.H.G. Pham; E. Piontelli; A. Pordel; L. Quijada; H.A. Raja; E. Rosas de Paz; L. Ryvarden; A. Saitta; S.S. Salcedo; M. Sandoval-Denis; T.A.B. Santos; K.A. Seifert; B.D.B. Silva; M.E. Smith; A.M. Soares; S. Sommai; J.O. Sousa; S. Suetrong; A. Susca; L. Tedersoo; M.T. Telleria; D. Thanakitpipattana; N. Valenzuela-Lopez; C.M. Visagie; M. Zapata; J.Z. Groenewald. 2018. "Fungal Planet description sheets: 785– 867." Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi 41, no. 1: 238-417.

Journal article
Published: 14 November 2018 in Toxins
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Wheat, the main source of carbohydrates worldwide, can be attacked by a wide number of phytopathogenic fungi, included Alternaria species. Alternaria species commonly occur on wheat worldwide and produce several mycotoxins such as tenuazonic acid (TA), alternariol (AOH), alternariol-monomethyl ether (AME), and altenuene (ALT), provided of haemato-toxic, genotoxic, and mutagenic activities. The contamination by Alternaria species of wheat kernels, collected in Tuscany, Italy, from 2013 to 2016, was evaluated. Alternaria contamination was detected in 93 out of 100 field samples, with values ranging between 1 and 73% (mean of 18%). Selected strains were genetically characterized by multi-locus gene sequencing approach through combined sequences of allergen alt1a, glyceraldeyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and translation elongation factor 1α genes. Two well defined groups were generated; namely sections Alternaria and Infectoriae. Representative strains were analyzed for mycotoxin production. A different mycotoxin profile between the sections was shown. Of the 54 strains analyzed for mycotoxins, all strains included in Section Alternaria produced AOH and AME, 40 strains (99%) produced TA, and 26 strains (63%) produced ALT. On the other hand, only a very low capability to produce both AOH and AME was recorded among the Section Infectoriae strains. These data show that a potential mycotoxin risk related to the consumption of Alternaria contaminated wheat is high.

ACS Style

Francesca A. Ramires; Mario Masiello; Stefania Somma; Alessandra Villani; Antonia Susca; Antonio F. Logrieco; Carlos Luz; Giuseppe Meca; Antonio Moretti. Phylogeny and Mycotoxin Characterization of Alternaria Species Isolated from Wheat Grown in Tuscany, Italy. Toxins 2018, 10, 472 .

AMA Style

Francesca A. Ramires, Mario Masiello, Stefania Somma, Alessandra Villani, Antonia Susca, Antonio F. Logrieco, Carlos Luz, Giuseppe Meca, Antonio Moretti. Phylogeny and Mycotoxin Characterization of Alternaria Species Isolated from Wheat Grown in Tuscany, Italy. Toxins. 2018; 10 (11):472.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Francesca A. Ramires; Mario Masiello; Stefania Somma; Alessandra Villani; Antonia Susca; Antonio F. Logrieco; Carlos Luz; Giuseppe Meca; Antonio Moretti. 2018. "Phylogeny and Mycotoxin Characterization of Alternaria Species Isolated from Wheat Grown in Tuscany, Italy." Toxins 10, no. 11: 472.

Original article
Published: 03 October 2018 in Mycological Progress
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Species of Alternaria are serious plant pathogens, causing major losses on a wide range of crops. Leaf blight symptoms were observed on tomato leaves, and samples were collected from various regions. Isolation was done from symptomatic tomato leaves, and 15 representatives were selected from a collection of 65 isolates of Alternaria species. The virulence of Alternaria isolates was investigated on detached leaves (DL) and whole plants of tomato cv. Super strain B. A phylogenetic analysis was performed based on three partial gene regions, the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), the RNA polymerase second largest subunit (RPB2) and the Alternaria major allergen gene (Alt a 1). The potentiality of Alternaria isolates to produce toxins was also investigated on the basis of thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Our investigations revealed that Alternaria isolates showed different levels of virulence either on tomato plants or DL. Based on the phylogeny of three genes, Alternaria isolates encompassed two species of small-spored morphospecies: A. alternata (14 isolates) and A. arborescens (single isolate). The produced toxins varied among Alternaria isolates with tenuazonic acid (TeA) being the most abundant mycotoxin produced by most isolates. This study highlighted on other Alternaria species in Egypt that might represent a serious concern for tomato producers as causal agents of leaf blight over other species, i.e. A. solani.

ACS Style

Samah Fawzy El Gobashy; Wafai Mikhail; Ahmed Mahmoud Ismail; Adel Zekry; Anotonio Moretti; Antonia Susca; Amira Sh. Soliman. Phylogenetic, toxigenic and virulence profiles of Alternaria species causing leaf blight of tomato in Egypt. Mycological Progress 2018, 17, 1269 -1282.

AMA Style

Samah Fawzy El Gobashy, Wafai Mikhail, Ahmed Mahmoud Ismail, Adel Zekry, Anotonio Moretti, Antonia Susca, Amira Sh. Soliman. Phylogenetic, toxigenic and virulence profiles of Alternaria species causing leaf blight of tomato in Egypt. Mycological Progress. 2018; 17 (11):1269-1282.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Samah Fawzy El Gobashy; Wafai Mikhail; Ahmed Mahmoud Ismail; Adel Zekry; Anotonio Moretti; Antonia Susca; Amira Sh. Soliman. 2018. "Phylogenetic, toxigenic and virulence profiles of Alternaria species causing leaf blight of tomato in Egypt." Mycological Progress 17, no. 11: 1269-1282.

Journal article
Published: 25 September 2018 in Food Microbiology
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Cave cheese is a surface mold-ripened variety of cheese produced also in South of Italy, exploiting fungal population naturally occurring on cave walls, as part of secondary microbiota for ripening. In this study, 148 fungal strains were isolated from 22 independent cave cheese samples, collected in 13 Italian geographical locations, mostly in Apulian area. DNA-based identification showed the presence of twenty-four fungal species in the outer part of the cheese ripened in caves. Aspergillus westerdijkiae and Penicillium biforme resulted the most frequently isolated species, followed by Penicillium roqueforti and Penicillium solitum. The 86% of cheese sample presented at least one toxigenic species and the 45% revealed the presence of ochratoxigenic species, A. westerdijkiae and A. steynii, suggesting possible mycotoxin risk during ripening stage in caves, confirmed by the presence of ochratoxin A (OTA) in the rind of 36% of samples. In conclusion, cave cheese is a susceptible product for toxigenic mold growth and in particular OTA contamination, therefore adeguate scientific tools for matching organolectic consumer expectations and complete safety of food should be developed, as well as spontaneously molded and not monitored cheeses should not be consumed to avoid mycotoxin risk.

ACS Style

Pamela Anelli; Miriam Haidukowski; Filomena Epifani; Maria Teresa Cimmarusti; Antonio Moretti; Antonio Logrieco; Antonia Susca. Fungal mycobiota and mycotoxin risk for traditional artisan Italian cave cheese. Food Microbiology 2018, 78, 62 -72.

AMA Style

Pamela Anelli, Miriam Haidukowski, Filomena Epifani, Maria Teresa Cimmarusti, Antonio Moretti, Antonio Logrieco, Antonia Susca. Fungal mycobiota and mycotoxin risk for traditional artisan Italian cave cheese. Food Microbiology. 2018; 78 ():62-72.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pamela Anelli; Miriam Haidukowski; Filomena Epifani; Maria Teresa Cimmarusti; Antonio Moretti; Antonio Logrieco; Antonia Susca. 2018. "Fungal mycobiota and mycotoxin risk for traditional artisan Italian cave cheese." Food Microbiology 78, no. : 62-72.

Journal article
Published: 08 June 2018 in International Journal of Food Microbiology
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Several species of the genus Penicillium were isolated during a survey of the mycobiota of Apulian cave cheeses ripened in a cave in Gravina di Puglia, Italy. A novel species, Penicillium gravinicasei, is described in Penicillium section Cinnamopurpurea. Its taxonomic novelty was determined using a polyphasic approach, combining phenotypic, molecular (β-tubulin, calmodulin, ITS and DNA dependent RNA polymerase) DNA sequences and mycotoxin production data. Phylogenetic analyses of the RPB2 data showed that isolates of the novel species form a clade most closely related to Penicillium cinnamopurpureum and P. parvulum with high bootstrap support. The fungus did not produce ochratoxin A, citrinin, patulin, sterigmatocystin or aflatoxin B1 on standard agar media. The novel species had a high growth rate on agar media supplemented with 5% NaCl, and could be distinguished from other Penicillium section Cinnamopurpurea species by phenotypic and molecular characteristics.

ACS Style

Pamela Anelli; Steve W. Peterson; Miriam Haidukowski; Antonio F. Logrieco; Antonio Moretti; Filomena Epifani; Antonia Susca. Penicillium gravinicasei, a new species isolated from cave cheese in Apulia, Italy. International Journal of Food Microbiology 2018, 282, 66 -70.

AMA Style

Pamela Anelli, Steve W. Peterson, Miriam Haidukowski, Antonio F. Logrieco, Antonio Moretti, Filomena Epifani, Antonia Susca. Penicillium gravinicasei, a new species isolated from cave cheese in Apulia, Italy. International Journal of Food Microbiology. 2018; 282 ():66-70.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pamela Anelli; Steve W. Peterson; Miriam Haidukowski; Antonio F. Logrieco; Antonio Moretti; Filomena Epifani; Antonia Susca. 2018. "Penicillium gravinicasei, a new species isolated from cave cheese in Apulia, Italy." International Journal of Food Microbiology 282, no. : 66-70.

Research article
Published: 01 February 2018 in Plant Disease
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Species of Aspergillus section Nigri are commonly associated with maize kernels, and some strains can produce fumonisin mycotoxins. However, there is little information about the extent to which these fungi contribute to fumonisin contamination in grain, the damage they cause to maize ears, or their effects on maize seed germination and seedling health. We compared fumonisin-producing and nonproducing strains of A. niger, A. welwitschiae, A. phoenicis, A. tubingensis, and A. carbonarius from the United States and Italy in laboratory and field studies to assess their ability to contribute to fumonisin contamination, to cause maize ear rot, and to affect seed germination and seedling growth. In laboratory experiments, some strains of each Aspergillus species reduced germination or seedling growth, but there was high variability among strains within species. There were no consistent differences between fumonisin-producing and nonproducing strains. In field studies in Iowa and Illinois, strains were variable in their ability to cause ear rot symptoms, but this was independent of the ability of the Aspergillus strains to produce fumonisins. Contamination of grain with fumonisins was not consistently increased by inoculation with Aspergillus strains compared with the control, and was much greater in F. verticillioides-inoculated treatments than in Aspergillus-inoculated treatments. However, the ratio of the FB analogs FB2 and FB1 was altered by inoculation with some Aspergillus strains, indicating that FB2 production by Aspergillus strains occurred in the field. These results demonstrate the pathogenic capabilities of strains of Aspergillus in section Nigri, but suggest that their effects on maize ears and seedlings are not related to their ability to produce fumonisins, and that fumonisin contamination of grain caused by Aspergillus spp. is not as significant as that caused by Fusarium spp.

ACS Style

G. P. Munkvold; L. Weieneth; R. H. Proctor; M. Busman; Massimo Blandino; Antonia Susca; A. Logrieco; A. Moretti. Pathogenicity of Fumonisin-producing and Nonproducing Strains of Aspergillus Species in Section Nigri to Maize Ears and Seedlings. Plant Disease 2018, 102, 282 -291.

AMA Style

G. P. Munkvold, L. Weieneth, R. H. Proctor, M. Busman, Massimo Blandino, Antonia Susca, A. Logrieco, A. Moretti. Pathogenicity of Fumonisin-producing and Nonproducing Strains of Aspergillus Species in Section Nigri to Maize Ears and Seedlings. Plant Disease. 2018; 102 (2):282-291.

Chicago/Turabian Style

G. P. Munkvold; L. Weieneth; R. H. Proctor; M. Busman; Massimo Blandino; Antonia Susca; A. Logrieco; A. Moretti. 2018. "Pathogenicity of Fumonisin-producing and Nonproducing Strains of Aspergillus Species in Section Nigri to Maize Ears and Seedlings." Plant Disease 102, no. 2: 282-291.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2017 in Current Opinion in Food Science
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Donato Magistà; Antonia Susca; Massimo Ferrara; Antonio Francesco Logrieco; Giancarlo Perrone. Penicillium species: crossroad between quality and safety of cured meat production. Current Opinion in Food Science 2017, 17, 36 -40.

AMA Style

Donato Magistà, Antonia Susca, Massimo Ferrara, Antonio Francesco Logrieco, Giancarlo Perrone. Penicillium species: crossroad between quality and safety of cured meat production. Current Opinion in Food Science. 2017; 17 ():36-40.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Donato Magistà; Antonia Susca; Massimo Ferrara; Antonio Francesco Logrieco; Giancarlo Perrone. 2017. "Penicillium species: crossroad between quality and safety of cured meat production." Current Opinion in Food Science 17, no. : 36-40.