Dynamic wireless power transfer (DWPT) for electrical vehicles (EVs) is a promising technology that can alleviate mileage anxiety and address onboard battery capacity limitations. However, there are power fluctuation and interoperability problems in DWPT systems. In order to solve these two issues, this letter proposes a decoupling self-adaptive two-pole interoperable receiver. The receiver coils are decoupled by partial overlapping. During the EV movement, the receiver coil can automatically change its polarity according to the mutual inductance variation. In this way, the secondary-side rectifier presents a series or parallel connection and produces a smooth equivalent mutual inductance fluctuation within the moving range, thus achieving a smooth output. Meanwhile, the proposed receiver can be tolerant with the unipolar and bipolar transmitter coils, capable of outputting the same power level and high transmission efficiency. The experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed DWPT system.

In electric vehicle wireless power transfer (EVWPT) systems, unipolar, bipolar, and multipolar coils produced by different manufacturers are not well compatible with each other, resulting in the interoperability issues. In order to solve this contradiction, a family of self-adaptive interoperable receivers based on multiple decoupled receiving poles is proposed. Based on the two decoupled poles as the receiving coil, the proposed self-adaptive two-pole interoperable receiver can tolerate both the unipolar (UP) transmitting coil and the bipolar (BP) transmitting coil along one direction. On this basis, it is extended to a self-adaptive four-pole interoperable receiver. The four poles are coplanar and decoupled by using four externally decoupling windings. This self-adaptive four-pole receiver can tolerate the UP transmitting coil, the BP transmitting coil along two directions, and the quadrupole (QP) transmitting coil by forming effective equivalent mutual inductances with them, thus achieving interoperability. Moreover, misalignment tolerance is also realized. The experimental results of the two-pole and four-pole proposals show that efficient power transmission can be achieved with various transmitting coil including the UP, BP, and QP transmitting coils, realizing interoperability and misalignment tolerance.

Electric vehicle charging platforms in the market are usually rated as 400 or 800 V, so the wireless charging system of electric vehicles must effectively supply power for these two voltage platforms. It is also an urgent problem to keep the output stable in the case of misalignment. The antioffset wireless charging system based on the reconfigurable coupling coupler is proposed. A coupling structure is reconfigured by a switch to charge a 400- or 800-V charging platform at the same power level. Simultaneously, an additional set of quadrupole receiving coils is connected in series to compensate for the reduced mutual inductance when offset occurs. To verify the proposed wireless power transfer system, a scaled-down experimental prototype was built. The results show that the highest dc–dc efficiency of the system is 93.66% and 94.27% at the voltage level of 200 and 400 V, respectively, and has good misalignment tolerance in two perpendicular directions.

The rapid development of electric vehicles (EVs) calls for an efficient and convenient charging method. Wireless power transfer (WPT) is favored by the academia and industry because of its convenience, security, and automation. However, there are still many problems to be solved, one of which is the interoperability issue between different coil types. In this article, an EV wireless charging system based on three decoupled non-overlapping unipolar transmitting coils is proposed. The inductor-capacitor-capacitor-series topology is adopted. The current directions of the three transmitting coils can be altered by adjusting the outputs of the three-phase independently controlled half-bridge inverter. In this way, the proposed transmitting coils can be tolerant with the unipolar coil and the two perpendicular bipolar coils, achieving interoperability and certain anti-misalignment capability with different receiving coils. The experimental results verify that the proposed system can achieve interoperability for both unipolar and bipolar coils and has misalignment tolerance in specific directions with a maximum efficiency of 93.67%.

In an electric vehicle wireless charging system, the dramatic variation of the mutual inductance caused by the coil misalignment is an urgent problem to be solved. An offset-resistant wireless charging system based on dual decoupled receiving coils is proposed, with one receiving coil as the unipolar coil and the other as the quadrupolar coil. With series compensation, they are connected in series through the diode rectifier. In this way, the total equivalent mutual inductance is the summation of the absolute values of the two mutual inductances. Thus, the total equivalent mutual inductance can remain stable against misalignment, guaranteeing a stable system output. Experimental results confirm that the designed system has good misalignment tolerance capability in two perpendicular directions, enabling stable and efficient power transmission. Along the misalignment, the output voltage fluctuation is only 2.81% with the highest system efficiency of 94.68%.

Many consumer electronics employ wireless charging technology, but it is difficult to achieve free positioning wireless charging. Also, significant changes in the mutual inductance can happen when moving the device during charging, causing hazards to the devices. This paper proposes a solenoid coil that solves this problem by utilizing reverse windings to maximize average mutual inductance and stabilizing its variance. Firstly, the design principle of the reverse winding is explained, and then the flow chart of the optimal design is given. The optimal layer number of the outer winding of the solenoid is determined, and the reverse winding is placed in the innermost layer. The maximum average mutual inductance obtained under the condition of a limited mutual inductance fluctuation ratio is 13.866 μH. Compared with the results without the reverse winding, the mutual inductance fluctuation is reduced by nearly 2 times. In addition, placing the solenoid coils on the transmitter side in a hexagonal shape enables the receiver to cover a larger transmission area during movement. Finally, a low-power experimental prototype is designed, and the experimental results verify the effectiveness of the design method.