Background: The purpose of this review is to determine the association between the risk of preterm birth and low birth weight in newborns and periodontal disease in pregnant women. Methods: A bibliographic search was carried out until November 2021 in the following biomedical databases: PubMed/Medline, Cochrane Library, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scielo, LILACS and Google Scholar. Studies reporting the association between the risk of preterm birth and low birth weight in newborns with periodontal disease in pregnant women, which were systematic reviews, in English and without time limits were included. AMSTAR-2 was used to assess the risk of the included studies, and the GRADEPro GDT tool was used to assess the quality of the evidence and the strength of the recommendation of the results. Results: The preliminary search yielded a total of 161 articles, discarding those that did not meet the selection criteria, leaving only 15 articles. Seven articles were entered into a meta-analysis, and it was found that there is an association between the risk of preterm birth and low birth weight in newborns with periodontal disease in pregnant women. Conclusions: There is an association between the risk of preterm birth and low birth weight in newborns with periodontal disease in pregnant women.

Background: The aim of this review was to evaluate the effects of periodontal disease (PD) treatment in pregnant women to reduce the risk of preterm birth (PB) and low birth weight (LBW) by conducting an umbrella review. Methods: A comprehensive search for the literature up to April 2024 was conducted across multiple databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, EMBASE, Scielo, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Proquest Dissertations and Theses, and OpenGrey. We specifically targeted systematic reviews (SRs) with or without meta-analyses, irrespective of language or time constraints, focusing on primary studies examining the effect of PD treatment in pregnant women to reduce the risk of PB and LBW. Various types of non-systematic reviews, intervention studies, observational studies, preclinical and basic research, summaries, comments, case reports, protocols, personal opinions, letters, and posters were excluded from consideration. The quality and overall confidence of the included studies were assessed using the AMSTAR–2 tool. Results: After the initial search, 232 articles were identified, of which only 24 met the selection criteria after exclusion. The majority of these studies indicated that periodontal treatment reduces the risk of PB and LBW. Conclusions: According to the findings and conclusions drawn from the SRs with a high overall confidence level, PD treatment in pregnant women reduces the risk of PB and LBW.

The objective of the research was to improve the level of knowledge of preventive techniques in oral health through the Educational Program called "Healthy mouths, happy faces" in children under 5 in vulnerable situations in Puno (Peru). Study was experimental, longitudinal and prospective with pre and posttest using educational and communicative method. The simplified Greene-Vermillion index and a validated questionnaire called "Oral Health for Parents" were used to evaluate oral hygiene in children. From the analysis of the results, it’s highlighted that the aforementioned program should be considered in prevention and promotion of oral health, since it promotes optimal knowledge in the adult population that was evident in the oral health of children under 5 years of age at the end of the intervention. It’s concluded that an educational program on prevention in oral health improves the level of knowledge of parents about the oral health of their children, reducing bacterial plaque in children, evidenced by a positive index of oral hygiene after the intervention.

Background. Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) gel was developed to overcome the clinical limitations of liquids with children. The authors conducted a clinical trial to determine caries lesion arrest in primary teeth at 1-year follow-up when 38% SDF gel and 2.5% sodium fluoride varnish were applied sequentially at the same appointment. Parent satisfaction was assessed. Methods. The study design was an open-label prospective, clinical trial with single group assignment. Participants were 237 children aged 3 through 4 years at enrollment and from 5 centros educativos iniciales (preschools). Eligible children had 1 or more d3 (cavitation into dentin) active caries lesions. Teeth with active caries lesions (cavitation confined to enamel [d2] or d3) were treated by applying 1 or 2 drops of viscous 38% SDF gel (Advantage Silver Dental Arrest Gel, Elevate Oral Care, LLC) dabbing the excess with cotton. Treated teeth were covered with 2.5% sodium fluoride varnish (Fluorimax, Elevate Oral Care, LLC) to mask the taste. Treatment was repeated at 5 months postexamination. The primary outcome was caries lesion (d2-d3) arrest at 1 year. Results. Two hundred nineteen children were available at the 1-year follow-up. There was a median of 21 (interquartile range [IQR], 13-34) active carious surfaces (d2-d3) at baseline. Median arrested carious surfaces was 92.6% (IQR, 81.1%-100.0%; 95% CI, 86.8% to 95.2%). When parents were asked whether they were bothered by the color change of teeth, the median response on a 10point scale in which 1 equaled not bothered at all and 10 equaled very bothered was 1.0 (IQR, 1.02.0). Conclusions. Two applications of 38% SDF gel and 2.5% sodium fluoride varnish arrested greater than 90% of carious surfaces at 1 year and with high levels of parental satisfaction. Practical Implications. Combined treatment was highly efficacious in a population with many caries lesions. This clinical trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov. The registration number is NCT05395065.

La calidad del sueño en los estudiantes es un factor esencial que influye en el correcto desarrollo de los procesos cognitivos del aprendizaje, así como en la calidad de vida y la salud mental y física de los futuros profesionales. Objetivo: Evaluar la relación entre la ansiedad, la depresión y la calidad del sueño en estudiantes de la carrera de Odontología de la Universidad Nacional del Altiplano de Puno. Materiales y métodos: Estudio de tipo observacional de cohorte transversal con la participación de 78 estudiantes, con edad promedio de 22.63±2.87 años, con una distribución de género de 32 varones (41,0 %) y 46 mujeres (59,0 %). Se utilizó la escala de valoración de Hamilton para la evaluación de la ansiedad y la depresión, con una consistencia interna de ? = 0,88 y 0,86, respectivamente y el cuestionario de Pittsburgh para medir el índice de calidad del sueño (? = 0,87). Resultados: En el modelo predictivo los coeficientes estandarizados ? señalan que la ansiedad psíquica (? = -,870; p<0,001), la depresión (? = ,119; p<0,05) y el desarrollo de prácticas clínicas (? = -0,019; p<0,05) fueron los factores que más contribuyeron significativamente al índice de calidad del sueño de los estudiantes. Conclusión: Estos hallazgos subrayan la importancia de abordar los problemas del sueño como parte integral del tratamiento de la ansiedad y la depresión, además de resaltar la necesidad de tener en cuenta la salud mental en la evaluación y el manejo de los trastornos del sueño.

La crisis sanitaria originada por la pandemia de la Covid-19 a nivel mundial, ha forzado que se tengan que replantear los modelos de enseñanza y aprendizaje. El objetivo de esta revisión de literatura fue demostrar las estrategias y recursos didácticos empleados en la enseñanza/aprendizaje universitario en el área de biomédicas en contexto de pandemia Covid-19. La búsqueda de literatura fue en las bases de datos PubMed, Science-Direct y Scielo, se consideró artículos originales publicados en el 2020 y 2021, que hayan abordado la simulación virtual como estrategia didáctica, su diseño educativo, recursos, implementación y limitaciones. Se concluye que los diferentes programas de estudio del área de biomédicas incorporaron la simulación virtual de la realidad como estrategia y recurso didáctico frente a la pandemia por la Covid-19, obteniendo experiencias satisfactorias.