Background: The purpose of this review is to determine the association between the risk of preterm birth and low birth weight in newborns and periodontal disease in pregnant women. Methods: A bibliographic search was carried out until November 2021 in the following biomedical databases: PubMed/Medline, Cochrane Library, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scielo, LILACS and Google Scholar. Studies reporting the association between the risk of preterm birth and low birth weight in newborns with periodontal disease in pregnant women, which were systematic reviews, in English and without time limits were included. AMSTAR-2 was used to assess the risk of the included studies, and the GRADEPro GDT tool was used to assess the quality of the evidence and the strength of the recommendation of the results. Results: The preliminary search yielded a total of 161 articles, discarding those that did not meet the selection criteria, leaving only 15 articles. Seven articles were entered into a meta-analysis, and it was found that there is an association between the risk of preterm birth and low birth weight in newborns with periodontal disease in pregnant women. Conclusions: There is an association between the risk of preterm birth and low birth weight in newborns with periodontal disease in pregnant women.

Background: The aim of this review was to evaluate the effects of periodontal disease (PD) treatment in pregnant women to reduce the risk of preterm birth (PB) and low birth weight (LBW) by conducting an umbrella review. Methods: A comprehensive search for the literature up to April 2024 was conducted across multiple databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, EMBASE, Scielo, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Proquest Dissertations and Theses, and OpenGrey. We specifically targeted systematic reviews (SRs) with or without meta-analyses, irrespective of language or time constraints, focusing on primary studies examining the effect of PD treatment in pregnant women to reduce the risk of PB and LBW. Various types of non-systematic reviews, intervention studies, observational studies, preclinical and basic research, summaries, comments, case reports, protocols, personal opinions, letters, and posters were excluded from consideration. The quality and overall confidence of the included studies were assessed using the AMSTAR–2 tool. Results: After the initial search, 232 articles were identified, of which only 24 met the selection criteria after exclusion. The majority of these studies indicated that periodontal treatment reduces the risk of PB and LBW. Conclusions: According to the findings and conclusions drawn from the SRs with a high overall confidence level, PD treatment in pregnant women reduces the risk of PB and LBW.

The objective of the research was to improve the level of knowledge of preventive techniques in oral health through the Educational Program called "Healthy mouths, happy faces" in children under 5 in vulnerable situations in Puno (Peru). Study was experimental, longitudinal and prospective with pre and posttest using educational and communicative method. The simplified Greene-Vermillion index and a validated questionnaire called "Oral Health for Parents" were used to evaluate oral hygiene in children. From the analysis of the results, it’s highlighted that the aforementioned program should be considered in prevention and promotion of oral health, since it promotes optimal knowledge in the adult population that was evident in the oral health of children under 5 years of age at the end of the intervention. It’s concluded that an educational program on prevention in oral health improves the level of knowledge of parents about the oral health of their children, reducing bacterial plaque in children, evidenced by a positive index of oral hygiene after the intervention.

Background. Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) gel was developed to overcome the clinical limitations of liquids with children. The authors conducted a clinical trial to determine caries lesion arrest in primary teeth at 1-year follow-up when 38% SDF gel and 2.5% sodium fluoride varnish were applied sequentially at the same appointment. Parent satisfaction was assessed. Methods. The study design was an open-label prospective, clinical trial with single group assignment. Participants were 237 children aged 3 through 4 years at enrollment and from 5 centros educativos iniciales (preschools). Eligible children had 1 or more d3 (cavitation into dentin) active caries lesions. Teeth with active caries lesions (cavitation confined to enamel [d2] or d3) were treated by applying 1 or 2 drops of viscous 38% SDF gel (Advantage Silver Dental Arrest Gel, Elevate Oral Care, LLC) dabbing the excess with cotton. Treated teeth were covered with 2.5% sodium fluoride varnish (Fluorimax, Elevate Oral Care, LLC) to mask the taste. Treatment was repeated at 5 months postexamination. The primary outcome was caries lesion (d2-d3) arrest at 1 year. Results. Two hundred nineteen children were available at the 1-year follow-up. There was a median of 21 (interquartile range [IQR], 13-34) active carious surfaces (d2-d3) at baseline. Median arrested carious surfaces was 92.6% (IQR, 81.1%-100.0%; 95% CI, 86.8% to 95.2%). When parents were asked whether they were bothered by the color change of teeth, the median response on a 10point scale in which 1 equaled not bothered at all and 10 equaled very bothered was 1.0 (IQR, 1.02.0). Conclusions. Two applications of 38% SDF gel and 2.5% sodium fluoride varnish arrested greater than 90% of carious surfaces at 1 year and with high levels of parental satisfaction. Practical Implications. Combined treatment was highly efficacious in a population with many caries lesions. This clinical trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov. The registration number is NCT05395065.

Objetivo: Determinar el grado de correlación existente entre las percepciones sobre contaminación y actitudes ambientales de los estudiantes universitarios Referencial teórico: Apoyados en la literatura de percepciones de contaminación ambiental: contaminación del aire, suelo y agua, asimismo, en las actitudes ambientales. Método: Fue una investigación con enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo no experimental, el diseño de investigación fue correlacional transversal. La población fue conformada de 1160 estudiantes, tomándose una muestra probabilística de 289 estudiantes, a quienes se aplicaron dos instrumentos, el primero fue el test de percepciones sobre contaminación ambiental, cuya fiabilidad fue calculada mediante el coeficiente de Alpha de Cronbach α = 0,841 y el segundo fue la escala de Likert para las actitudes ambientales cuya fiabilidad fue α = 0,701. Para analizar los datos se realizó mediante la prueba de normalidad de Kolmogorov-Smirnova para aplicar la estadística inferencial de correlación de Rho de Spearman y hallar el coeficiente de correlación existente (rs). Resultados y conclusiones: Los resultados certifican el grado de correlación positiva considerable, cuyo valor fue rs = 0,825 entre las variables de estudio, con un nivel de significancia de ρ = 0,000. Concluyendo que existe correlación positiva entre las percepciones sobre contaminación ambiental con las actitudes ambientales de los estudiantes universitarios, por ello deben asumir actitudes positivas con respecto a la problemática ambiental para preservar el entorno con conductas ecológicas y conciencia ambiental. Originalidad/valor: Da a conocer las percepciones de estudiantes universitarios sobre la problemática de contaminación ambiental para asumir actitudes favorables frente a ello, con una educación sostenible.