Integrated on-board battery chargers (OBCs) have been recently introduced as an optimal/elegant solution to increase electric vehicle (EV) market penetration as well as minimize overall EV cost. Unlike conventional off-board and on-board battery chargers, integrated OBCs exploit the existing propulsion equipment for battery charging without extra bulky components and/or dedicated infrastructure. OBCs are broadly categorized into three-phase and single-phase types with unidirectional or bidirectional power flow. This paper starts with surveying the main topologies introduced in the recent literature employing either induction or permanent magnet motors to realize fully integrated slow (single-phase) and fast (three-phase) on-board EV battery charging systems, with emphasis on topologies that entail no or minimum hardware reconfiguration. Although, permanent magnet (PM) motors with conventional double-layer distributed winding layouts have been deployed in most commercial EV motors, the non-overlapped fractional slot concentrated winding (FSCW) has been the prevailing choice in the most recent permanent magnet motor designs due to its outstanding operational merits. Hence, a thorough investigation of the impact different FSCW stator winding designs have on machine performance under the charging process is presented in this paper. To this end, the induced magnet losses, which represent a challenging demerit of the FSCW, have been used to compare different topologies under both propulsion and charging operation modes. Based on the introduced comparative study, the optimal slot/pole combinations that correspond to the best compromise under both operational modes have been highlighted.

In this paper, compensation of the dc-side voltage harmonics of a medium-voltage (MV) 12-pulse ac/dc converter is achieved using a series active power filter (APF). The output voltage harmonics are dependent on the converter firing delay angles and, consequently, on the specific power locus followed by the ac/dc converter. This power locus ensures minimum fifth and seventh harmonics (total rms) in the input current which provides minimum input current total harmonic distortion when the reactive power is less than 0.5 p.u. The series APF is connected between the load and the converter output via a magnetic amplifier to eliminate the dc current from the APF inverter, thus reducing inverter losses. Voltage harmonic compensation using a series APF, with and without a magnetic amplifier, is examined with both resistive and inductive loads. The simulation results for compensating a 3.3-kV MV 12-pulse converter system are experimentally verified using a scaled prototype 12-pulse converter with a series APF.

Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) have started to play a significant role in the transport sector and automotive industries. The broader market penetration of BEVs has still not been achieved due to significant barriers associated with initial costs and short driving ranges. The purchase price and a limited driving range are barriers that are inevitably associated with battery technology. Therefore, the growing demand for BEVs has expedited new innovative approaches to improve battery capacity and performance and to reduce battery costs. Considerable advancements have been employed to meet the challenges. However, there are still many challenges to make BEVs affordable and convenient for users. In this review, the main aims are to identify and address challenges by considering the prospects of BEVs in the future market and to explore the technological and financial difficulties of low energy density of battery materials, fast charging rate, battery lifetime, and cost-effectiveness, associated with effectively implementing and adopting BEVs. Moreover, potential suggestions are proposed for researchers, manufacturers, users, and government policy planners. Finally, a concrete conclusion is drawn by disseminating a vision about the future adoption of BEVs. This review of technologies, challenges, prospects, and potential solutions associated with BEVs could provide a base for effective strategic policy and could help policymakers to frame strategies for adapting and achieving targets. This review could help to achieve sustainable BEV transport and to adopt next-generation green vehicles.

Accurately estimating the state-of-charge (SOC) of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) in electric vehicles is a challenging task due to the complex dynamics of the battery and the varying operating conditions. To address this, this paper proposes the establishment of an Industrial Internet-of-Things (IIoT)-based digital twin (DT) through the Microsoft Azure services, incorporating components for data collection, time synchronization, processing, modeling, and decision visualization. Within this framework, the readily available measurements in the LIB module, including voltage, current, and operating temperature, are utilized, providing advanced information about the LIBs’ SOC and facilitating accurate determination of the electric vehicle (EV) range. This proposed data-driven SOC-estimation-based DT framework was developed with a supervised voting ensemble regression machine learning (ML) approach using the Azure ML service. To facilitate a more comprehensive understanding of historical driving cycles and ensure the SOC-estimation-based DT framework is accurate, this study used three application programming interfaces (APIs), namely Google Directions API, Google Elevation API, and OpenWeatherMap API, to collect the data and information necessary for analyzing and interpreting historical driving patterns, for the reference EV model, which closely emulates the dynamics of a real-world battery electric vehicle (BEV). Notably, the findings demonstrate that the proposed strategy achieves a normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) of 1.1446 and 0.02385 through simulation and experimental studies, respectively. The study’s results offer valuable insights that can inform further research on developing estimation and predictive maintenance systems for industrial applications.

This paper studies the postfault control of a nine-phase six-terminal induction machine (IM) during single open-line fault, which was recently proposed for high-power medium-voltage applications as a promising alternative to conventional six-phase IMs. The required optimal reference currents to provide prefault loading conditions under one-line open are derived using the two most common optimization criteria employed in multiphase drives, namely, maximum torque and minimum loss modes. A postfault controller, based on conventional decoupling Clarke's transformation, is then used to ensure the same controller structure under all conditions. Consequently, the machine characteristic curves, achievable torque, and stator copper losses under these different modes are compared. A comparison with a conventional asymmetrical six-phase winding is also given. A 1.5-Hp prototype IM is used for experimental verification.

Research of grid connected wind turbines has gained great interest in the recent years. This led to introduce guidelines and regulations regarding the connection of large wind farms to the electrical network. One of such guidelines is low voltage ride-through capability (LVRT). In this paper, a survey on recent LVRT solutions for permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSG) is carried out along with a brief explanation of grid codes. Among those solutions is the control of fully rated converters, blade pitch angle control and capacitor sizing. Other solutions such as active crowbar rotor circuit and the DC bus energy storage circuit are illustrated. The survey extends to provide possibilities for the development of further LVRT research at the wind farm level using high power FACT devices.