In surgical dentistry, suture material is the only foreign body that remains in the tissues after surgery, and it can lead to several negative reactions, for example, infection of the wound. The purpose of this study was to compare the mechanical properties and microbiological resistance of mono- and polyfilament suture materials used in tooth extraction operations. The study of elongation and knot force was carried out on an Instron 5969 Dual Column Testing System device. The capillarity of the materials was studied on a setup assembled by the authors manually by immersing the ends of the filaments in a colored manganese solution. A microbiological study was carried out on the threads taken for the experiment immediately after wound suturing, and on day 7, at which time they were removed. The comparison was made according to Rothia mucilaginosa, Streptococcus sanguinis, Staphylococcus epidermidis. Results: monofilament suture materials (Prolene and Glycolon), after calculating the Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney indices, showed better performance in all experiments compared to polyfilament sutures (Vicryl and PGA). In capillarity comparison, there was a significant difference between groups (p = 0.00018). According to the sum of the results of three microbiological studies on day 7, monofilament suture materials absorbed less of the studied bacteria on their surface compared to the polyfilament ones (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Of the studied suture materials, Prolene had the best microbiological resistance and good mechanical properties.

Background: Providing regional anesthesia skills shaping remains relevant nowadays. A number of studies show that dentists have difficulties with these working independently. The study aim is the comparative analysis of the results of mandibular anesthesia (IANB) manual-skills shaping among dentists on plastic models and cadavers. Methods: In total, 999 participants were training in the skills of mandibular anesthesia from 2017 to 2021. The participants were divided in a random way into two groups: 700 participants were trained on plastic models, and 299 were trained on the cadaver material. After a lecture on the clinical and anatomical guidelines for IANB, a demonstration of the technique was provided, with subsequent testing of the injection technique. Satisfaction with the aspects of the training was assessed using the Likert scale. Results: the analysis of average values showed that participants from the group in which the manual skills were practiced on cadavers were more satisfied with the main aspects of the training, according to the sum of the main criteria of the modified scale. Conclusions: The important advantages of cadaver educational technology are that the sensations of tissue resistance are identical to natural ones, the individuality of each object, and the possibility of the visual study of the anesthesia technique, by dissection of the needle course and the location of the anesthetic depot.

This work presents a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of local treatment of re-current aphtae in patients with clinical manifestations of hypersecretory diseases of the gastro-intestinal tract (GIT). Object. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the impact of a diode laser and applications of powdered platelet of autologous plasma relative to generally accepted methods of local treatment of recurrent oral aphtae. Materials and methods. 58 patients with clinical manifestations of K12.00 have been treated. Recurrent oral aphthae were at the age of 25 to 45 years. Depending on the method of local treatment, clinical subgroups – Ia and IIa (15 patients each) received the proposed complex of local treatment, Ib and IIb (14 patients each) treatment according to well-known methods. The effec-tiveness of local treatment was assessed by reducing the degree of inflammation, the intensity of the level of nociceptive pain and increasing the rate of epithelialization of aphtae. Results and discussion. The effectiveness of local treatment was assessed by reducing inflammation, pain and increasing the rate of epithelialization of aphtae. A more rapid reduction in pain and a decrease in the size of aft was observed in the Ia and IIa clinical subgroups during 3.0 ± 0.2 and 3.1 ± 0.2 days, complete epithelialization of aphtae and leveling of all complaints by 4.9 ± 0.4 and 4.7 ± 0.4 days, increased the remission period to 12 months. In patients Ib and IIb, pain reduction and reduction in aphtae size were observed by 3.5 ± 0.2 and 4.9 days, complete epithelialization and leveling of all complaints by 7.9 ± 0.2 and 7.5 ± 0.3 days, aft recurrence was observed by 6 and 12 months of dynamic observation. Conclusions. The in-clusion a diode laser in the local treatment regimen, applications of powdered autologous platelet plasma and maintenance therapy with a course frequency of 2 times a year is a highly effective method and helps to relieve nociceptive pain, inflammation, accelerate epithelializa-tion and regeneration of the mucous membrane and reduce relapses. Summary. The use a di-ode laser and applications of powdered autologous platelet plasma in combination with maintenance therapy is an effective method of local treatment of recurrent aphtae in patients against the background of basic and classical hypersecretory gastrointestinal diseases.

Relevance. Lichen planus is a chronic disease affecting the skin and oral mucosa. There is no exact data on the prevalence of lichen planus, which is due to the late appeal of patients not only to dentists, but also to dermatologists. The aim of this study was to learn some of the features of the clinical manifestations of typical, exudative-hyperemic, erosive-ulcerative and bullous forms of lichen planus on the oral mucosa. Material and methods. In the present study, on the basis of screening examination of patients who applied for dental care in dental clinics and living in the cities of Ufa, Omsk, Nizhny Novgorod, Nahariya, Kazan, we studied some of the clinical features of various forms of lichen planus of the oral mucosa, and the peculiarities of their course. In the course of a comprehensive dental examination, all examined persons were divided into four study groups: 1 clinical group (39.5%) — patients with a typical form, 2 clinical group (25.6%) — patients with exudative-hyperemic form, 3 clinical group (6.9%) — patients with a bullous form, 4 clinical group (27.9%) — with an erosive and ulcerative form of lichen planus. Results. In the course of a comprehensive dental examination, in 39.5% of cases, a typical form of lichen planus was revealed, in 61.3% of cases it was bullous, exudative-hyperemic and erosive-ulcerative forms, with their prevalence in 70.9% of cases in females. The average age of patients diagnosed with a typical form of lichen planus was on average 42.5±3.5 years, exudative-hyperemic form — 48.2±3.8 years, bullous — 49.8±3.6, erosive ulcerative form — 50.6±3.2 years. The duration of development of all studied forms of lichen planus was on average from 4 months to 5 years (the development of the typical form was 1.4±0.4 years, exudative-hyperemic — 2.1±0.8 years, bullous form — 3.9±1.2, and the erosive and ulcerative form — 4.3±1.2 years.

Individual tongue hygiene is becoming important as a potential pathogenetically justified component in the comprehensive management of patients with "burning mouth" syndrome. The aim of the study is to assess the state of the microbiocenosis of the dorsal surface of the tongue in patients with "burning mouth" syndrome using individual oral hygiene. Methodology. The study involved 20 patients aged 42 ± 3.2 years with a diagnosis of "burning mouth" syndrome, who were divided into two groups: in the first group, patients performed tongue hygiene using a gold-zinc galvanic scraper, while in the second group, they used a food-grade stainless steel scraper. The material was collected from the dorsal surface of the tongue before and after the first use of the scraper, and 1 month after daily use, to determine the species composition of microorganisms and their frequency of occurrence. The cleaning effect of the scrapers was then evaluated. Results. The most common type of microorganism in the experiment was Streptococcus mitis, which was detected in 70 % of patients, while other obligate members of the Streptococcus (Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus mutans) were found in 25 % and 20 % of patients, respectively. When using scrapers with a gold-zinc galvanic couple, half of the subjects had dominant species of normal microbiota, while obligate, conditionally pathogenic, primary pathogens, and microorganisms atypical for this ecological niche decreased from 2 to 104 CFU/ml. When using stainless steel scrapers, the number of obligate microorganisms decreases, but the number of opportunistic microorganisms does not change, and the number of primary pathogenic and atypical microorganisms for this ecological niche increases, reducing the number of CFU/ml from 2 to 103. Conclusion. Scrapers with a gold-zinc galvanic couple showed the highest efficiency, positively affecting the qualitative composition of the oral microbiocenosis and reducing the number of opportunistic, pathogenic, and atypical microorganisms in this ecological niche.

The incidence of inflammatory diseases of the oral cavity in patients with hereditary coagulopathy hemophilia, as well as domestic and foreign experience of professional hygiene in persons with this pathology were analyzed. It has been shown that it is more preferable to use the GBT protocol for professional oral hygiene in patients with hemophilia.