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In this work, the electrospinning technique is used for the fabrication of electrospun functional fibers with desired properties in order to show a superhydrophobic behavior. With the aim to obtain a coating with the best properties, a design of experiments (DoE) has been performed by controlling several inputs operating parameters, such as applied voltage, flow rate, and precursor polymeric concentration. In this work, the reference substrate to be coated is the aluminum alloy (60661T6), whereas the polymeric precursor is the polyvinyl chloride (PVC) which presents an intrinsic hydrophobic nature. Finally, in order to evaluate the coating morphology for the better performance, the following parameters—such as fiber diameter, surface roughness (Ra, Rq), optical properties, corrosion behavior, and wettability—have been deeply analyzed. To sum up, this is the first time that DoE has been used for the optimization of superhydrophobic or anticorrosive surfaces by using PVC precursor for the prediction of an adequate surface morphology as a function of the input operational parameters derived from electrospinning process with the aim to validate better performance.
Pedro J. Rivero; Iker Rosagaray; Juan P. Fuertes; José F. Palacio; Rafael J. Rodríguez. Designing Multifunctional Protective PVC Electrospun Fibers with Tunable Properties. Polymers 2020, 12, 2086 .
AMA StylePedro J. Rivero, Iker Rosagaray, Juan P. Fuertes, José F. Palacio, Rafael J. Rodríguez. Designing Multifunctional Protective PVC Electrospun Fibers with Tunable Properties. Polymers. 2020; 12 (9):2086.
Chicago/Turabian StylePedro J. Rivero; Iker Rosagaray; Juan P. Fuertes; José F. Palacio; Rafael J. Rodríguez. 2020. "Designing Multifunctional Protective PVC Electrospun Fibers with Tunable Properties." Polymers 12, no. 9: 2086.
In the present study, the wear behaviour of two aluminium alloys (AA-5754 and AA-5083) is analysed where these have been previously processed by severe plastic deformation (SPD) with equal channel angular pressing (ECAP). In order to achieve the objectives of this study, several disks made of these alloys are manufactured by isothermal forging from different initial states. The microstructures of the initial materials analysed in this study have different accumulated deformation levels. In order to compare the properties of the nanostructured materials with those which have not been ECAP-processed, several disks with a height of 6 mm and a diameter of 35 mm are manufactured from both aluminium alloys (that is, AA-5754 and AA-5083) isothermally forged at temperatures of 150 and 200 °C, respectively. These thus-manufactured disks are tested under a load of 0.6 kN, which is equivalent to a stress mean value of 18 MPa, and at a rotational speed of 200 rpm. In order to determine the wear values, the disks are weighed at the beginning, at 10,000 revolutions, at 50,000 revolutions and at 100,000 revolutions, and then the volume-loss values are calculated. This study was carried out using specific equipment, which may be considered to have a block-on-ring configuration, developed for testing in-service wear behaviour of mechanical components. From this, the wear coefficients for the two materials at different initial states are obtained. In addition, a comparison is made between the behaviour of the previously ECAP-processed aluminium alloys and those that are non-ECAP-processed. A methodology is proposed to determine wear coefficients for the aluminium alloys under consideration, which may be used to predict the wear behaviour. It is demonstrated that AA-5754 and AA-5083 aluminium alloys improve wear behaviour after the ECAP process compared to that obtained in non-ECAP-processed materials.
Carmelo J. Luis Pérez; Rodrigo Luri Irigoyen; Ignacio Puertas Arbizu; Daniel Salcedo Pérez; Javier León Iriarte; Juan P. Fuertes Bonel. Analysis of Tribological Properties in Disks of AA-5754 and AA-5083 Aluminium Alloys Previously Processed by Equal Channel Angular Pressing and Isothermally Forged. Metals 2020, 10, 938 .
AMA StyleCarmelo J. Luis Pérez, Rodrigo Luri Irigoyen, Ignacio Puertas Arbizu, Daniel Salcedo Pérez, Javier León Iriarte, Juan P. Fuertes Bonel. Analysis of Tribological Properties in Disks of AA-5754 and AA-5083 Aluminium Alloys Previously Processed by Equal Channel Angular Pressing and Isothermally Forged. Metals. 2020; 10 (7):938.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarmelo J. Luis Pérez; Rodrigo Luri Irigoyen; Ignacio Puertas Arbizu; Daniel Salcedo Pérez; Javier León Iriarte; Juan P. Fuertes Bonel. 2020. "Analysis of Tribological Properties in Disks of AA-5754 and AA-5083 Aluminium Alloys Previously Processed by Equal Channel Angular Pressing and Isothermally Forged." Metals 10, no. 7: 938.
Severe plastic deformation (SPD) processes have attracted a great deal of both scientific and technological interest over the last few years as a consequence of the improvements that are possible to obtain in the microstructure and mechanical properties of the materials manufactured through the use of these kind of processes. However, the practical applications of such materials to obtain mechanical components are significantly fewer. As a direct consequence, the same thing has been observed in the development of studies that show the in-service behaviour of the mechanical components developed in this way. Since one of the industrial objectives of these SPD processes is to obtain functional parts, it is necessary to carry out studies to fill this gap. Therefore, in this study, an analysis of the wear that cams undergo when manufactured from an AA5083 aluminium-magnesium alloy is carried out. The cams were isothermally-forged from materials with and without previous SPD processing by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP). Subsequently, the wear behaviour of these cams was analysed by using specific equipment, which may have been considered to have a block-on-ring configuration, developed for testing in-service wear behaviour of mechanical parts. From this comparative wear study with cams, it is shown that previously-processed materials by ECAP have a better wear performance. Moreover, finite element modelling (FEM) simulations were also included to predict wear in the cams processed in this way. A good agreement between FEM and experimental results was obtained. It is this aspect of performing the wear tests on functional and real mechanical components, and not on laboratory samples, which makes this present research work novel.
C. J. Luis Pérez; R. Luri Irigoyen; J. P. Fuertes Bonel; J. León Iriarte; D. Salcedo Pérez; I. Puertas Arbizu. Experimental and FEM Analysis of Wear Behaviour in AA5083 Ultrafine-Grained Cams. Metals 2020, 10, 479 .
AMA StyleC. J. Luis Pérez, R. Luri Irigoyen, J. P. Fuertes Bonel, J. León Iriarte, D. Salcedo Pérez, I. Puertas Arbizu. Experimental and FEM Analysis of Wear Behaviour in AA5083 Ultrafine-Grained Cams. Metals. 2020; 10 (4):479.
Chicago/Turabian StyleC. J. Luis Pérez; R. Luri Irigoyen; J. P. Fuertes Bonel; J. León Iriarte; D. Salcedo Pérez; I. Puertas Arbizu. 2020. "Experimental and FEM Analysis of Wear Behaviour in AA5083 Ultrafine-Grained Cams." Metals 10, no. 4: 479.
Over the last few years there has been an increasing interest in the study and development of processes that make it possible to obtain ultra-fine grained materials. Although there exists a large number of published works related to the improvement of the mechanical properties in these materials, there are only a few studies that analyse their in-service behaviour (fatigue and wear). In order to bridge the gap, in this present work, the fatigue and wear results obtained for connecting rods manufactured by using two different aluminium alloys (AA5754 and AA5083) previously deformed by severe plastic deformation (SPD), using Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP), in order to obtain the ultrafine grain size in the processed materials are shown. For both aluminium alloys, two initial states were studied: annealed and ECAPed. The connecting rods were manufactured from the previously processed materials by using isothermal forging. Fatigue and wear experiments were carried out in order to characterize the in-service behaviour of the components. A comparative study of the results was made for both initial states of the materials. Furthermore, Finite Element Modelling (FEM) simulations were used in order to compare experimental results with those obtained from simulations. In addition, dimensional wear coefficients were found for each of the aluminium alloys and initial deformation states. This research work aims to progress the knowledge of the behaviour of components manufactured from ultrafine grain materials.
Rodrigo Luri; Carmelo J. Luis; Javier León; Juan P. Fuertes; Daniel Salcedo; Ignacio Puertas. Analysis of Fatigue and Wear Behaviour in Ultrafine Grained Connecting Rods. Metals 2017, 7, 289 .
AMA StyleRodrigo Luri, Carmelo J. Luis, Javier León, Juan P. Fuertes, Daniel Salcedo, Ignacio Puertas. Analysis of Fatigue and Wear Behaviour in Ultrafine Grained Connecting Rods. Metals. 2017; 7 (8):289.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRodrigo Luri; Carmelo J. Luis; Javier León; Juan P. Fuertes; Daniel Salcedo; Ignacio Puertas. 2017. "Analysis of Fatigue and Wear Behaviour in Ultrafine Grained Connecting Rods." Metals 7, no. 8: 289.
This present research work deals with the development of ultrafine grained cams obtained from previously ECAP (Equal Channel Angular Pressing)-processed material and manufactured by isothermal forging. The design and the manufacturing of the dies required for the isothermal forging of the cams are shown. Optimization techniques based on the combination of design of experiments, finite element and finite volume simulations are employed to develop the dies. A comparison is made between the mechanical properties obtained with the cams manufactured from material with no previous deformation and with those from previously SPD (Severe Plastic Deformation)-processed material. In addition, a comparative study between the experimental results and those obtained from the simulations is carried out. It has been demonstrated that it is possible to obtain ultrafine grained cams with an increase of 10.3% in the microhardness mean value as compared to that obtained from material with no previous deformation.
Daniel Salcedo; Carmelo J. Luis; Rodrigo Luri; Ignacio Puertas; Javier León; Juan P. Fuertes. Design and Mechanical Properties Analysis of AA5083 Ultrafine Grained Cams. Metals 2017, 7, 116 .
AMA StyleDaniel Salcedo, Carmelo J. Luis, Rodrigo Luri, Ignacio Puertas, Javier León, Juan P. Fuertes. Design and Mechanical Properties Analysis of AA5083 Ultrafine Grained Cams. Metals. 2017; 7 (4):116.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDaniel Salcedo; Carmelo J. Luis; Rodrigo Luri; Ignacio Puertas; Javier León; Juan P. Fuertes. 2017. "Design and Mechanical Properties Analysis of AA5083 Ultrafine Grained Cams." Metals 7, no. 4: 116.
The most important difficulties when the behaviour of a part that is subjected to external mechanical forces is simulated deal with the determination of both the material thermo-mechanical properties and its boundary conditions. The accuracy of the results obtained from the simulation is directly related to the knowledge of the flow stress curve. Therefore, the determination of a material flow rule which is valid for both a wide temperature range and different initial deformation conditions in the starting material presents a great deal of interest when simulation results close to the experimental values are required to be obtained. In this present study, a novel flow stress curve is proposed that is able to accurately predict the behaviour of both materials with no previous accumulated strain and materials that have been previously subjected to severe plastic deformation processes. Moreover, it is possible to use it both for hot and cold working. The results are analysed in a wide test temperature range, which varies from room temperature to 300 °C, and from material previously processed by angular channel extrusion or with no previous strain accumulated. It is shown that the flow rule proposed is effective to model the material behaviour in a wide temperature range and it makes it possible to take the recrystallization phenomena that appear in previously deformed materials into account. In addition, the results obtained are compared with those predicted by other flow rules that exist in the prior literature. Furthermore, the study is complemented with finite element simulations and with a comparison between simulation and experimental results.
Javier León; Carmelo J. Luis; Juan P. Fuertes; Ignacio Puertas; Rodrigo Luri; Daniel Salcedo. A Proposal of a Constitutive Description for Aluminium Alloys in Both Cold and Hot Working. Metals 2016, 6, 244 .
AMA StyleJavier León, Carmelo J. Luis, Juan P. Fuertes, Ignacio Puertas, Rodrigo Luri, Daniel Salcedo. A Proposal of a Constitutive Description for Aluminium Alloys in Both Cold and Hot Working. Metals. 2016; 6 (10):244.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJavier León; Carmelo J. Luis; Juan P. Fuertes; Ignacio Puertas; Rodrigo Luri; Daniel Salcedo. 2016. "A Proposal of a Constitutive Description for Aluminium Alloys in Both Cold and Hot Working." Metals 6, no. 10: 244.
Ultrafine grained materials have a great deal of both scientific and technological interest because they allow outstanding properties to be obtained. An improvement in the mechanical strength and in the ductility and a better fatigue behaviour are properties to be expected with these materials. However, in spite of the great number of scientific publications that deals with the mechanical property improvement, the number of practical applications of these materials is scant. In this present research work, equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) is used as a severe plastic deformation process (SPD) to obtain billets which are subsequently isothermally forged to obtain a connecting rod with submicrometric grain size. The optimization of the design process is shown as well as the die design. The objective variables to be fulfilled are the correct filling of the die and the required force to obtain the part. Moreover, a comparison is also included between the mechanical properties thus obtained and those obtained with traditional methods. Moreover, optical and SEM micrographs are also included in this research work.
J. P. Fuertes; J. León; C. J. Luis; D. Salcedo; I. Puertas; R. Luri. Design, Optimization, and Mechanical Property Analysis of a Submicrometric Aluminium Alloy Connecting Rod. Journal of Nanomaterials 2015, 2015, 1 -15.
AMA StyleJ. P. Fuertes, J. León, C. J. Luis, D. Salcedo, I. Puertas, R. Luri. Design, Optimization, and Mechanical Property Analysis of a Submicrometric Aluminium Alloy Connecting Rod. Journal of Nanomaterials. 2015; 2015 ():1-15.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJ. P. Fuertes; J. León; C. J. Luis; D. Salcedo; I. Puertas; R. Luri. 2015. "Design, Optimization, and Mechanical Property Analysis of a Submicrometric Aluminium Alloy Connecting Rod." Journal of Nanomaterials 2015, no. : 1-15.
Over these last few years, there has been a growing interest in developing mechanical components from submicrometric materials due to the significant improvement that these materials present compared to their original state. This present research work deals with the study of the mechanical properties of a connecting rod isothermally forged from different starting materials. These materials are as follows: annealed aluminum alloy (AA) 5754, the same alloy previously deformed through equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) and a third case where the previously ECAP-processed material is subjected to a recovery heat treatment. A comparison is made between finite volume (FV) simulations and experimental tests with respect to hardness, plastic strain and forging force. Furthermore, the improvement in the mechanical properties of the connecting rod forged from predeformed material is evaluated in comparison to the connecting rod forged with annealed material. The microstructure of both cases is also compared at the end of the manufacturing process.
Javier León; Daniel Salcedo; Óscar Murillo; Carmelo J. Luis; Juan P. Fuertes; Ignacio Puertas; Rodrigo Luri. Mechanical Properties Analysis of an Al-Mg Alloy Connecting Rod with Submicrometric Structure. Metals 2015, 5, 1397 -1413.
AMA StyleJavier León, Daniel Salcedo, Óscar Murillo, Carmelo J. Luis, Juan P. Fuertes, Ignacio Puertas, Rodrigo Luri. Mechanical Properties Analysis of an Al-Mg Alloy Connecting Rod with Submicrometric Structure. Metals. 2015; 5 (3):1397-1413.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJavier León; Daniel Salcedo; Óscar Murillo; Carmelo J. Luis; Juan P. Fuertes; Ignacio Puertas; Rodrigo Luri. 2015. "Mechanical Properties Analysis of an Al-Mg Alloy Connecting Rod with Submicrometric Structure." Metals 5, no. 3: 1397-1413.
This present research work deals with the analysis of the design of different specimen geometries so that by finite volume simulations, the appearance of cracks may be predicted in the case of forging processes. To this end, each of the geometries selected are studied by means of compression tests between plane shape dies in the same conditions (T = 25 °C). On the one hand, a value for the critical damage value is obtained by applying the Cockroft-Latham's criterion and on the other hand, a damage distribution along all the specimen volume with the aim of defining a specimen which shows the most likely place for the crack to appear. This crack location may be also determined through visual inspection with the aim of being able to evaluate this experimentally in the near future.
J.P. Fuertes; R. Luri; C.J. Luis; D. Salcedo; J. Leon; I. Puertas. Comparative Study of the Damage Attained with Different Specimens by FEM. Procedia Engineering 2015, 132, 319 -325.
AMA StyleJ.P. Fuertes, R. Luri, C.J. Luis, D. Salcedo, J. Leon, I. Puertas. Comparative Study of the Damage Attained with Different Specimens by FEM. Procedia Engineering. 2015; 132 ():319-325.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJ.P. Fuertes; R. Luri; C.J. Luis; D. Salcedo; J. Leon; I. Puertas. 2015. "Comparative Study of the Damage Attained with Different Specimens by FEM." Procedia Engineering 132, no. : 319-325.
Incremental Sheet Forming (ISF) process may be classified within the field of sheet metal forming processes, more specifically in the asymmetric incremental deformation process. Some studies have been carried out on the influence of different parameters in the process. However, there are few publications that evaluate the influence of these parameters using design of experiments by finite element modelling. This study provides a better understanding of the process, which will enable an optimization of the ISF process and its comparison with other metal forming processes. Furthermore, this study will be the basis for determining the development of the equipment necessary to carry it out.
J. Léon; D. Salcedo; C. Ciaurriz; C.J. Luis; J.P. Fuertes; I. Puertas; R. Luri. Analysis of the Influence of Geometrical Parameters on the Mechanical Properties of Incremental Sheet Forming Parts. Procedia Engineering 2013, 63, 445 -453.
AMA StyleJ. Léon, D. Salcedo, C. Ciaurriz, C.J. Luis, J.P. Fuertes, I. Puertas, R. Luri. Analysis of the Influence of Geometrical Parameters on the Mechanical Properties of Incremental Sheet Forming Parts. Procedia Engineering. 2013; 63 ():445-453.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJ. Léon; D. Salcedo; C. Ciaurriz; C.J. Luis; J.P. Fuertes; I. Puertas; R. Luri. 2013. "Analysis of the Influence of Geometrical Parameters on the Mechanical Properties of Incremental Sheet Forming Parts." Procedia Engineering 63, no. : 445-453.
In this research work, a comparative study between the precision obtained with a touch probe (TP-200) and that obtained with a scanning probe (SP-25) is carried out for a specific coordinate measuring machine (CMM). These two types of probes cover the most commonly used contact probes in CMMs, where touch probes work by making contacts with the part and scanning probes maintain the contact with the part as they scan along its surface. In order to do this, one part was manufactured by machining and a series of measurements were taken over it at distinct locations in the CMM working volume. This part consists of parallel planes with different height values (70 mm, 45 mm, 25 mm and 10 mm) from the horizontal plane located on the granite table. The above-mentioned part was measured at five different locations distributed along the working volume and the measurements were repeated three times, where all of them were taken at a temperature of 20 °C ± 1 °C. Moreover, not only the CMM uncertainty is taken into account but also the variability associated with the manufactured part along with the measuring process of it.
I. Puertas; C.J. Luis Pérez; D. Salcedo; J. León; R. Luri; J.P. Fuertes. Precision Study of a Coordinate Measuring Machine Using Several Contact Probes. Procedia Engineering 2013, 63, 547 -555.
AMA StyleI. Puertas, C.J. Luis Pérez, D. Salcedo, J. León, R. Luri, J.P. Fuertes. Precision Study of a Coordinate Measuring Machine Using Several Contact Probes. Procedia Engineering. 2013; 63 ():547-555.
Chicago/Turabian StyleI. Puertas; C.J. Luis Pérez; D. Salcedo; J. León; R. Luri; J.P. Fuertes. 2013. "Precision Study of a Coordinate Measuring Machine Using Several Contact Probes." Procedia Engineering 63, no. : 547-555.
This present work deals with the design of a set of dies employed to manufacture a connecting rod by forging a billet of nanostructured aluminum alloy. Nanostructured parts exhibit excellent mechanical properties compared to the non- nanostructured alloys. Moreover, the forgeability of nanostructured materials is higher and hence, fewer strokes are necessary. In this paper, two set of dies are designed to perform a two stroke forging process and to obtain the desired nanostructured part. The first step to manufacture nanostructured parts is to employ a Severe Plastic Deformation Process (SPD) to produce the nanostructured material. So, the SPD material is forged, generally by isothermal forging to produce the part. The flow behavior of a 5083 Aluminum Alloy (5083-AA) after the SPD process has been determined by experimental tests. Finite Element (FE) and Finite Volume (FV) simulations have been run by using nanostructured 5083-AA flow rule, in order to design the dies.
R. Luri; C.J. Luis; D. Salcedo; J.P. Fuertes; I. Puertas; J. Léon. FEM Analysis of the Isothermal Forging of a Connecting Rod from Material Previously Deformed by ECAE. Procedia Engineering 2013, 63, 540 -546.
AMA StyleR. Luri, C.J. Luis, D. Salcedo, J.P. Fuertes, I. Puertas, J. Léon. FEM Analysis of the Isothermal Forging of a Connecting Rod from Material Previously Deformed by ECAE. Procedia Engineering. 2013; 63 ():540-546.
Chicago/Turabian StyleR. Luri; C.J. Luis; D. Salcedo; J.P. Fuertes; I. Puertas; J. Léon. 2013. "FEM Analysis of the Isothermal Forging of a Connecting Rod from Material Previously Deformed by ECAE." Procedia Engineering 63, no. : 540-546.
The manufacturing of a functional hollow mechanical element or ring of the AA5083 alloy previously equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) processed, which presents a submicrometric microstructure, is dealt with. For this purpose, the design of two isothermal forging dies (preform and final shape) is carried out using the design of experiments (DOE) methodology. Moreover, after manufacturing the dies and carrying out tests so as to achieve real rings, the mechanical properties of these rings are analysed as well as their microstructure. Furthermore, a comparison between the different forged rings is made from ECAE-processed material subjected to different heat treatments, previous to the forging stage. On the other hand, the ring forging process is modelled through the use of finite element simulation in order to improve the die design and to study the force required for the isothermal forging, the damage value, and the strain the material predeformed by ECAE has undergone. With this present research work, it is intended to improve the knowledge about the mechanical properties of nanostructured material and the applicability of this material to industrial processes that allow the manufacturing of functional parts.
C. J. Luis; D. Salcedo; J. León; I. Puertas; J. P. Fuertes; R. Luri. Manufacturing of Nanostructured Rings from Previously ECAE-Processed AA5083 Alloy by Isothermal Forging. Journal of Nanomaterials 2013, 2013, 1 -14.
AMA StyleC. J. Luis, D. Salcedo, J. León, I. Puertas, J. P. Fuertes, R. Luri. Manufacturing of Nanostructured Rings from Previously ECAE-Processed AA5083 Alloy by Isothermal Forging. Journal of Nanomaterials. 2013; 2013 (1):1-14.
Chicago/Turabian StyleC. J. Luis; D. Salcedo; J. León; I. Puertas; J. P. Fuertes; R. Luri. 2013. "Manufacturing of Nanostructured Rings from Previously ECAE-Processed AA5083 Alloy by Isothermal Forging." Journal of Nanomaterials 2013, no. 1: 1-14.
I. Puertas; C.J. Luis-Pérez; D. Salcedo; J. Leon; R. Luri; J.P. Fuertes. Isothermal Upset Forging of AA5083 after Severe Plastic Deformation by ECAE. Procedia CIRP 2013, 12, 288 -293.
AMA StyleI. Puertas, C.J. Luis-Pérez, D. Salcedo, J. Leon, R. Luri, J.P. Fuertes. Isothermal Upset Forging of AA5083 after Severe Plastic Deformation by ECAE. Procedia CIRP. 2013; 12 ():288-293.
Chicago/Turabian StyleI. Puertas; C.J. Luis-Pérez; D. Salcedo; J. Leon; R. Luri; J.P. Fuertes. 2013. "Isothermal Upset Forging of AA5083 after Severe Plastic Deformation by ECAE." Procedia CIRP 12, no. : 288-293.
Recent studies have shown that Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD) processes improve the mechanical properties of the parts processed by a reduction in the grain size. Equal Channel Angular Extrusion (ECAE) is one of the most well-known SPD processes. A study on the force and the strain after two ECAE passages is made, along with the damage imparted to AA-6082, by means of experiments and Finite Element Simulations(FEM). The aim of this research is to make a comparative study between experimental results and those obtained by FEM in order to verify the feasibility of these FEM simulations. In addition to this, it is intended to analyze the homogeneity obtained in the strain values after two ECAE passages through route C.
J. León; J. P. Fuertes; C. J. Luis; R. Luri; I. Puertas. Experimental and FEM analysis of the AA 6082 processed by equal channel angular extrusion up to two passages using route C. THE 4TH MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE (MESIC 2011) 2012, 1431, 100 -110.
AMA StyleJ. León, J. P. Fuertes, C. J. Luis, R. Luri, I. Puertas. Experimental and FEM analysis of the AA 6082 processed by equal channel angular extrusion up to two passages using route C. THE 4TH MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE (MESIC 2011). 2012; 1431 (1):100-110.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJ. León; J. P. Fuertes; C. J. Luis; R. Luri; I. Puertas. 2012. "Experimental and FEM analysis of the AA 6082 processed by equal channel angular extrusion up to two passages using route C." THE 4TH MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE (MESIC 2011) 1431, no. 1: 100-110.