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Reservoir construction has led to the development of numerous wetlands, and these wetlands play an important role in global environmental change. In this paper, we investigate the relationship between reservoir wetlands and hydroclimatic variables. We used the MODIS land cover product to extract the wetland area of the Sanmenxia Reservoir, China. Then, various indices of reservoir wetland landscape patterns were calculated. Principal component analysis was performed to build the Sanmenxia Reservoir wetland comprehensive landscape pattern index (CLPI) to depict the changes in Sanmenxia Reservoir wetlands from 2001 to 2013. Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess their relationship. The following results were obtained. Firstly, the Sanmenxia Reservoir wetland area considerably declined and the landscape heterogeneity decreased from 2001 to 2013, especially in 2004. Secondly, the CLPI is significantly negatively correlated with annual runoff and significantly positively correlated with annual sediment discharge, annual average water level and annual shallow groundwater table in Sanmenxia Reservoir regions. Additionally, due to the decline in the reservoir wetland area, the values of Shannon’s diversity index and Simpson’s diversity index decreased in the study area. Therefore, the study suggests that maintaining a stable and healthy reservoir wetland area should be the focus of ecological reservoir management.
Heng Yang; Jianhua Wang; Weihua Xiao; Fan Lu; Yan Wang; Jerker Jarsjö. Relationship between hydroclimatic variables and reservoir wetland landscape pattern indices: A case study of the Sanmenxia Reservoir wetland on the Yellow River, China. Journal of Earth System Science 2020, 129, 1 -11.
AMA StyleHeng Yang, Jianhua Wang, Weihua Xiao, Fan Lu, Yan Wang, Jerker Jarsjö. Relationship between hydroclimatic variables and reservoir wetland landscape pattern indices: A case study of the Sanmenxia Reservoir wetland on the Yellow River, China. Journal of Earth System Science. 2020; 129 (1):1-11.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHeng Yang; Jianhua Wang; Weihua Xiao; Fan Lu; Yan Wang; Jerker Jarsjö. 2020. "Relationship between hydroclimatic variables and reservoir wetland landscape pattern indices: A case study of the Sanmenxia Reservoir wetland on the Yellow River, China." Journal of Earth System Science 129, no. 1: 1-11.
As a typical inland river basin in China, the Shiyang River Basin is characterized by its special mountain-basin structure. The ecological health in the basin is related to the sustainable development of the economy and society. At present, there are few studies on net primary productivity (NPP) in the Shiyang River Basin, and the existing analysis of the relationship between NPP and climatic factors is lacking. The upper mountainous area and the middle and lower oasis areas in the Shiyang River Basin were selected as the study area. The NPP of the study area was estimated using the Thornthwaite Memorial Model. The spatial and temporal characteristics of NPP were analyzed by Sen’s slope method. Based on the sensitivity analysis, the correlation of the main climate factors to NPP was estimated. According to the aforementioned work, the variation trend of the future NPP was predicted. The results showed that NPP in the study area increased from 1981 to 2015 with the increase in temperature and precipitation. The spatial heterogeneity of the change trend of NPP was not significant, but the spatial heterogeneity of the rangeability was strong. The NPP was highly sensitive to precipitation, relative humidity and net solar radiation. By integrating the changes in climatic elements, the temperature, precipitation and relative humidity contributed the main parts of the change in NPP. The NPP is predicted to increase by 4.9–8.1% by 2050 according to the amplitude of climate change over the past 35 yrs.
Xuelei Zhang; Weihua Xiao; Yicheng Wang; Yan Wang; Hejia Wang; Yaxu Wang; Lishan Zhu; Ruixiang Yang. Spatial-temporal changes in NPP and its relationship with climate factors based on sensitivity analysis in the Shiyang River Basin. Journal of Earth System Science 2019, 129, 1 -13.
AMA StyleXuelei Zhang, Weihua Xiao, Yicheng Wang, Yan Wang, Hejia Wang, Yaxu Wang, Lishan Zhu, Ruixiang Yang. Spatial-temporal changes in NPP and its relationship with climate factors based on sensitivity analysis in the Shiyang River Basin. Journal of Earth System Science. 2019; 129 (1):1-13.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXuelei Zhang; Weihua Xiao; Yicheng Wang; Yan Wang; Hejia Wang; Yaxu Wang; Lishan Zhu; Ruixiang Yang. 2019. "Spatial-temporal changes in NPP and its relationship with climate factors based on sensitivity analysis in the Shiyang River Basin." Journal of Earth System Science 129, no. 1: 1-13.
Evapotranspiration (ET) has undergone profound changes as a result of global climate change and anthropogenic activities. The construction of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) has led to changes in its land use/land cover (LUCC) and local climate, which in turn has changed ET processes in the TGR region. In this paper, the CLM4.5 land surface model is used to simulate and analyze the spatiotemporal variability of ET between 1993 and 2013. Four experiments were conducted to quantify the contribution rate of climate change and LUCC to changes in ET processes. The results show that the climate showed a warming and drying trend from 1993 to 2013, and the LUCC indicates decreasing cropland with increasing forest, grassland, water bodies and urban areas. These changes increased the mean annual ET by 13.76 mm after impoundment. Spatially, the vegetation transpiration accounts for the largest proportion in ET. The decreasing relative humidity and increasing wind speeds led to an increase in vegetation transpiration and ground evaporation, respectively, in the center of the TGR region, while the LUCC drove changes in ET in water bodies, urban areas and high-altitude regions in the TGR region.
Hejia Wang; Weihua Xiao; Yong Zhao; Yicheng Wang; Baodeng Hou; Yuyan Zhou; Heng Yang; Xuelei Zhang; Hao Cui. The Spatiotemporal Variability of Evapotranspiration and Its Response to Climate Change and Land Use/Land Cover Change in the Three Gorges Reservoir. Water 2019, 11, 1739 .
AMA StyleHejia Wang, Weihua Xiao, Yong Zhao, Yicheng Wang, Baodeng Hou, Yuyan Zhou, Heng Yang, Xuelei Zhang, Hao Cui. The Spatiotemporal Variability of Evapotranspiration and Its Response to Climate Change and Land Use/Land Cover Change in the Three Gorges Reservoir. Water. 2019; 11 (9):1739.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHejia Wang; Weihua Xiao; Yong Zhao; Yicheng Wang; Baodeng Hou; Yuyan Zhou; Heng Yang; Xuelei Zhang; Hao Cui. 2019. "The Spatiotemporal Variability of Evapotranspiration and Its Response to Climate Change and Land Use/Land Cover Change in the Three Gorges Reservoir." Water 11, no. 9: 1739.
As the penetration of intermittent renewable energy increases and unexpected market behaviors continue to occur, new challenges arise for system operators to ensure cost effectiveness while maintaining system reliability under uncertainties. To systematically address these uncertainties and challenges, innovative advanced methods and approaches are needed. Motivated by these, in this paper, we consider an energy integrated system with renewable energy and pumped-storage units involved. In addition, we propose a data-driven risk-averse two-stage stochastic model that considers the features of forbidden zones and dynamic ramping rate limits. This model minimizes the total cost against the worst-case distribution in the confidence set built for an unknown distribution and constructed based on data. Our numerical experiments show how pumped-storage units contribute to the system, how inclusions of the aforementioned two features improve the reliability of the system, and how our proposed data-driven model converges to a risk-neutral model with historical data.
Heng Yang; Ziliang Jin; Jianhua Wang; Yong Zhao; Hejia Wang; Weihua Xiao. Data-Driven Stochastic Scheduling for Energy Integrated Systems. Energies 2019, 12, 2317 .
AMA StyleHeng Yang, Ziliang Jin, Jianhua Wang, Yong Zhao, Hejia Wang, Weihua Xiao. Data-Driven Stochastic Scheduling for Energy Integrated Systems. Energies. 2019; 12 (12):2317.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHeng Yang; Ziliang Jin; Jianhua Wang; Yong Zhao; Hejia Wang; Weihua Xiao. 2019. "Data-Driven Stochastic Scheduling for Energy Integrated Systems." Energies 12, no. 12: 2317.
Reference evapotranspiration (ET0) is an important factor for agricultural activity and water management. ET0 estimation methods have significant regional differences. The Penman–Monteith (P–M) method, which is recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), has been widely accepted, but it requires a large amount of data. In this study, we analysed the performance of 12 ET0 estimation methods in different sub‐regions and periods by comparing them with the FAO P–M method. North eastern China was divided into eight sub‐regions by terrains and climates. Meteorological data obtained from 126 stations between the 1950s and 2014 were used to calculate the ET0 values. The performances were identified via four indices, namely, root mean squared error, mean absolute error, average ratio and Spearman’s correlation coefficient. The optimal method for agricultural areas was then modified by using linear regression analysis. Results are demonstrated as follows: Valiantzas2, Romanenko2 and H–Makkink methods are recommended as alternative methods during the crop growing period, whereas Turc and Hargreaves–Samani methods can generate significant biases. Valiantzas2 and H–Makkink methods are the optimal methods for estimating ET0 in agricultural areas. Based on the outputs from FAO P–M method, ET0 values are most sensitive to temperature, accounting for 59.5%. Other methods that can provide similar results can be considered as alternatives. Finally, the modified equation can provide the most accurate results, but drought events also affect the accuracy of the modified method. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Xinyi Song; Fan Lu; Weihua Xiao; Kui Zhu; Yuyan Zhou; Zibo Xie. Performance of 12 reference evapotranspiration estimation methods compared with the Penman-Monteith method and the potential influences in northeast China. Meteorological Applications 2018, 26, 83 -96.
AMA StyleXinyi Song, Fan Lu, Weihua Xiao, Kui Zhu, Yuyan Zhou, Zibo Xie. Performance of 12 reference evapotranspiration estimation methods compared with the Penman-Monteith method and the potential influences in northeast China. Meteorological Applications. 2018; 26 (1):83-96.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXinyi Song; Fan Lu; Weihua Xiao; Kui Zhu; Yuyan Zhou; Zibo Xie. 2018. "Performance of 12 reference evapotranspiration estimation methods compared with the Penman-Monteith method and the potential influences in northeast China." Meteorological Applications 26, no. 1: 83-96.
Agricultural irrigation is an important factor affecting the development of agricultural drought, which is not showed in the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI). In this work, the water balance model in PDSI has been modified by adding irrigation items, which improves the accuracy of the calculation results of the model and shortens the calculation time step. The modified Palmer Drought Severity Index (M_PDSI) is constructed by using daily weather data and irrigation data from 1985-2012 in the study area. Weekly indices cumulated in each growth stage are used for the implementation of crop models by a linear multiple regression model. The crop yield models are evaluated to determine a more appropriate agricultural drought index between M_PDSI and PDSI by comparing the predicted yields to the observed yields. By comparing the development of agricultural drought, it can be seen that the M_PDSI can improve the sensitivity to the dynamic change of soil wet and dry in short-term, and the development process of drought is more in line with the actual situation; by comparing the fitting test results of the predicted yields, it can be seen that, the M_PDSI ranks better than the PDSI in all four goodness-of-fit measures, M_PDSI is proved to be more suitable than PDSI for evaluating agricultural drought.
Mingzhi Yang; Weihua Xiao; Yong Zhao; Baoqi Li; Yan Wang; Heng Yang; Baodeng Hou. The applicability of A Modified Palmer Drought Severity Index on Agricultural Drought Evaluation in the North China. MATEC Web of Conferences 2018, 246, 02002 .
AMA StyleMingzhi Yang, Weihua Xiao, Yong Zhao, Baoqi Li, Yan Wang, Heng Yang, Baodeng Hou. The applicability of A Modified Palmer Drought Severity Index on Agricultural Drought Evaluation in the North China. MATEC Web of Conferences. 2018; 246 ():02002.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMingzhi Yang; Weihua Xiao; Yong Zhao; Baoqi Li; Yan Wang; Heng Yang; Baodeng Hou. 2018. "The applicability of A Modified Palmer Drought Severity Index on Agricultural Drought Evaluation in the North China." MATEC Web of Conferences 246, no. : 02002.
The intense climate changes and human activities have a great impact on the variation of the runoff of the coastal area of South China. In this work, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is used to quantify the impact of land use and climate change of the Nanliujiang catchment on the runoff by setting 4 scenarios of land-use and climate change. The results show the runoff of the simulated and measured values had a similar trend. The value of relevant coefficient is above 0.8, and the value of Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient is about 0.8, which indicate that the SWAT model is fit for the study area. The annual average runoff depth during the period from 1995 to 2013 has increased by 53.5mm, of which the land use change resulted in 13.0mm increase on the annual average runoff depth while the climate change resulted in 40.9mm increase on the annual average runoff depth, therefore, the climate change has greater effect then the land use change. This work will delineate some helpful information for the water resources management as well as ecological protection in the coastal area of South China.
Mingzhi Yang; Weihua Xiao; Yong Zhao; Ya Huang; Baoqi Li; Dachuan Jiang; Fan Lu; Baodeng Hou. Impact of changes in land use and climate on the Runoff in the coastal areas of South China—A case study of the Nanliujiang catchment. MATEC Web of Conferences 2018, 246, 02001 .
AMA StyleMingzhi Yang, Weihua Xiao, Yong Zhao, Ya Huang, Baoqi Li, Dachuan Jiang, Fan Lu, Baodeng Hou. Impact of changes in land use and climate on the Runoff in the coastal areas of South China—A case study of the Nanliujiang catchment. MATEC Web of Conferences. 2018; 246 ():02001.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMingzhi Yang; Weihua Xiao; Yong Zhao; Ya Huang; Baoqi Li; Dachuan Jiang; Fan Lu; Baodeng Hou. 2018. "Impact of changes in land use and climate on the Runoff in the coastal areas of South China—A case study of the Nanliujiang catchment." MATEC Web of Conferences 246, no. : 02001.
Water and energy are basic resources for urban development. It is of extreme importance to balance economic development, water and energy security, and environmental sustainability at the city level. Although many studies have focused on energy-related CO2 emissions or water resources, individually, in relation to socioeconomic development, few studies have considered water and energy-related CO2 emissions as synchronous limiting factors. Here, taking Beijing as an example, a partial least squares STIRPAT model—a method that combines partial least squares with the STIRPAT (stochastic impacts by regression on population, affluence, and technology) model—was used to determine the main driving factors of water use and energy-related CO2 emissions at the regional scale from 1996 to 2016. The empirical results showed that the population, per capita gross domestic product (GDP), urbanization level, technology level, and service level, are all important factors that influence the total water use and energy-related CO2 emissions. Additionally, eight scenarios were established to explore suitable development modes for future years. Consequently, a medium growth rate in socioeconomic status and population, and a high growth rate in the technology and service level, were found to be the most appropriate development modes. This scenario would result in a total water use of 4432.13 million m3 and energy-related CO2 emissions of 173.64 million tons in 2030. The results provide a new perspective for decision makers to explore suitable measures for simultaneously conserving water resources and reducing energy-related CO2 emissions in the context of urban development.
Yan Wang; Weihua Xiao; Yicheng Wang; Baodeng Hou; Heng Yang; Xuelei Zhang; Mingzhi Yang; Lishan Zhu. Exploring City Development Modes under the Dual Control of Water Resources and Energy-Related CO2 Emissions: The Case of Beijing, China. Sustainability 2018, 10, 3155 .
AMA StyleYan Wang, Weihua Xiao, Yicheng Wang, Baodeng Hou, Heng Yang, Xuelei Zhang, Mingzhi Yang, Lishan Zhu. Exploring City Development Modes under the Dual Control of Water Resources and Energy-Related CO2 Emissions: The Case of Beijing, China. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (9):3155.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYan Wang; Weihua Xiao; Yicheng Wang; Baodeng Hou; Heng Yang; Xuelei Zhang; Mingzhi Yang; Lishan Zhu. 2018. "Exploring City Development Modes under the Dual Control of Water Resources and Energy-Related CO2 Emissions: The Case of Beijing, China." Sustainability 10, no. 9: 3155.
Temperature is an important parameter for a body of water, affecting chemical and biological reactions as well as the material exchange. It is also important with respect to the water environment and the growth and propagation of microbes. Water temperature research addresses two important aspects: the impact on the environment due to water temperature change caused by human activities, and better analysis of reactions related to water temperature. Deep reservoirs have both vertical and horizontal temperature stratification. This paper establishes a 2D water temperature model for the Panjiakou Reservoir and simulates the stratification phenomena. Temperature was simulated from May to October 2010, and the diffusion parameters were confirmed. Results showed distinct stratification from May to August with vertical equality from September to October. From May to June, water temperature downstream declined because of discharging. Discharged water temperature significantly affects the spawning time of fishes downstream and can delay spawning by up to a month.
Wei Li; Jia-Hong Liu; Yu-Fei Zhang; Wei-Hua Xiao. Research on Reservoir Water Temperature Simulation and Fish Response. Geobiotechnological Solutions to Anthropogenic Disturbances 2018, 327 -339.
AMA StyleWei Li, Jia-Hong Liu, Yu-Fei Zhang, Wei-Hua Xiao. Research on Reservoir Water Temperature Simulation and Fish Response. Geobiotechnological Solutions to Anthropogenic Disturbances. 2018; ():327-339.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWei Li; Jia-Hong Liu; Yu-Fei Zhang; Wei-Hua Xiao. 2018. "Research on Reservoir Water Temperature Simulation and Fish Response." Geobiotechnological Solutions to Anthropogenic Disturbances , no. : 327-339.
To study the impact of land use/cover change (LUCC), the relationship between precipitation and runoff was investigated. Our main objective was to ensure reasonable development, management, and sustainable utilization of water resources at a watershed scale. To investigate the relationship between precipitation and runoff, a SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model was developed by analyzing LUCC in Naoli River basin. Then, runoff response was analyzed under different LUCC conditions. The contribution coefficient of different land use types to runoff was calculated. The results of this research study are as follows. From 1986 to 2014, dry land, forest land, paddy fields, and unused land were the major land use types, accounting for more than 93% of the total catchment. On the other hand, grass land, building land, and water bodies accounted for a small proportion. Among the four main land use types, the contribution coefficient of forest land was 3.10 mm·km−2. This indicates that forest land was suitable for runoff generation. The contribution coefficient of dry land, unused land (fluvial wetland in Naoli River basin), and paddy field are −0.11, −0.37, and −0.83 mm·km−2, respectively. This implies that these three land use types were adverse factors for runoff generation.
Bao-Qi Li; Wei-Hua Xiao; Yi-Cheng Wang; Ming-Zhi Yang; Ya Huang. Impact of land use/cover change on the relationship between precipitation and runoff in typical area. Journal of Water and Climate Change 2018, 9, 261 -274.
AMA StyleBao-Qi Li, Wei-Hua Xiao, Yi-Cheng Wang, Ming-Zhi Yang, Ya Huang. Impact of land use/cover change on the relationship between precipitation and runoff in typical area. Journal of Water and Climate Change. 2018; 9 (2):261-274.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBao-Qi Li; Wei-Hua Xiao; Yi-Cheng Wang; Ming-Zhi Yang; Ya Huang. 2018. "Impact of land use/cover change on the relationship between precipitation and runoff in typical area." Journal of Water and Climate Change 9, no. 2: 261-274.
The Nanliujiang catchment is one of major rice production bases of South China. Irrigation districts play an important role in rice production which requires a large quantity of water. There are potential risks on future climate change in response to rice production, agricultural irrigation water use and pollution control locally. The SWAT model was used to quantify the yield and water footprint (WF) of rice in this catchment. A combined method of automatic and manual sub-basin delineation was used for the model setup in this work to reflect the differences between irrigation districts in yield and water use of rice. We validated our simulations against observed leaf area index, biomass and yield of rice, evapotranspiration and runoff. The outputs of three GCMs (GFDL-ESM2M, IPSL-CM5A-LR and HadGEM2-ES) under three RCPs (RCP2.6, 4.5, 8.5) were fed to the SWAT model. The results showed that: (a) the SWAT model is an ideal tool to simulate rice development as well as hydrology; (b) there would be increases in rice yield ranged from +1.4 to +10.6% under climate projections of GFDL-ESM2M and IPSL-CM5A-LR but slight decreases ranged from −3.5 to −0.8% under that of HadGEM2-ES; (c) the yield and WFs of rice displayed clear differences in the catchment, with a characteristic that high in the south and low in the north, mainly due to the differences in climatic conditions, soil quality and fertilization amount; (d) there would be a decrease by 45.5% in blue WF with an increase by 88.1% in green WF, which could provide favorable conditions to enlarge irrigated areas and take technical measures for improving green water use efficiency of irrigation districts; (e) a clear rise in future grey WF would present enormous challenges for the protection of water resources and environmental pollution control in this catchment. So it should be to improved nutrient management strategies for the agricultural non-point source pollution control in irrigation districts, especially for the Hongchaojiang and Hepu irrigation districts.
Mingzhi Yang; Weihua Xiao; Yong Zhao; Xudong Li; Ya Huang; Fan Lu; Baodeng Hou; Baoqi Li. Assessment of Potential Climate Change Effects on the Rice Yield and Water Footprint in the Nanliujiang Catchment, China. Sustainability 2018, 10, 242 .
AMA StyleMingzhi Yang, Weihua Xiao, Yong Zhao, Xudong Li, Ya Huang, Fan Lu, Baodeng Hou, Baoqi Li. Assessment of Potential Climate Change Effects on the Rice Yield and Water Footprint in the Nanliujiang Catchment, China. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (2):242.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMingzhi Yang; Weihua Xiao; Yong Zhao; Xudong Li; Ya Huang; Fan Lu; Baodeng Hou; Baoqi Li. 2018. "Assessment of Potential Climate Change Effects on the Rice Yield and Water Footprint in the Nanliujiang Catchment, China." Sustainability 10, no. 2: 242.
Yuanhui Yu; Weihua Xiao; Yicheng Wang; Hejia Wang; Ya Huang. Assessment of the Carbon Emission Reduction Effects of Ecological River Slope Construction in China. Journal of Environmental & Analytical Toxicology 2018, 8, 1 -6.
AMA StyleYuanhui Yu, Weihua Xiao, Yicheng Wang, Hejia Wang, Ya Huang. Assessment of the Carbon Emission Reduction Effects of Ecological River Slope Construction in China. Journal of Environmental & Analytical Toxicology. 2018; 8 (5):1-6.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYuanhui Yu; Weihua Xiao; Yicheng Wang; Hejia Wang; Ya Huang. 2018. "Assessment of the Carbon Emission Reduction Effects of Ecological River Slope Construction in China." Journal of Environmental & Analytical Toxicology 8, no. 5: 1-6.
Climate change is expected to have stronger effects on water resources in higher latitude regions. Despite intensive research on possible hydrological responses in those regions to a warmer environment, our knowledge on erosion and sediment yield induced by the climate change in high-latitude headwaters is still limited. In this study, we estimated suspended sediment yields from 2021 to 2050 in a typical headwater area of far Northeast China to elucidate potential impacts of future climate change on surface runoff and erosion in higher latitude regions. We first parameterized the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) using historical measurements to estimate runoff from the river basin. The model performed well in both the calibration (2006–2011) and the validation (2012–2014) periods, with an R2 of 0.85 and 0.88 and a Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) of 0.7 and 0.73, respectively. We also utilized historical measurements on sediment yields from the period 2006–2014 to develop a runoff-sediment yield rating curve, and the rating curve obtained an excellent goodness of fit (R2 = 0.91, p < 0.001). We then applied the calibrated SWAT model to two climate change projections, also known as Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5), for the period from 2021 to 2050 to obtain future runoff estimates. These runoff estimates were then used to predict future sediment yield by using the developed runoff-sediment yield rating curve. Our study found a significant increase of annual sediment yield (p < 0.05) for both climate change projections (RCP4.5 = 237%; RCP8.5 = 133%) in this, China’s high-latitude region. The increases of sediment yield were prevalent in summer and autumn, varying from 102–299% between the two RCPs scenarios. Precipitation was the dominated factor that determined the variation of runoff and sediment yield. A warming climate could bring more snowmelt-induced spring runoff and longer rainy days in autumn, hence leading to higher erosion. These findings demonstrate that under the changing climate, soils in this high-latitude headwater area would be eroded twice to three times that of the baseline period (1981–2010), indicating a potential risk to the downstream water quality and reservoir management.
Yuyan Zhou; Y. Jun Xu; Weihua Xiao; Jianhua Wang; Ya Huang; Heng Yang. Climate Change Impacts on Flow and Suspended Sediment Yield in Headwaters of High-Latitude Regions—A Case Study in China’s Far Northeast. Water 2017, 9, 966 .
AMA StyleYuyan Zhou, Y. Jun Xu, Weihua Xiao, Jianhua Wang, Ya Huang, Heng Yang. Climate Change Impacts on Flow and Suspended Sediment Yield in Headwaters of High-Latitude Regions—A Case Study in China’s Far Northeast. Water. 2017; 9 (12):966.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYuyan Zhou; Y. Jun Xu; Weihua Xiao; Jianhua Wang; Ya Huang; Heng Yang. 2017. "Climate Change Impacts on Flow and Suspended Sediment Yield in Headwaters of High-Latitude Regions—A Case Study in China’s Far Northeast." Water 9, no. 12: 966.
In the current human-influenced era, drought is initiated by natural and human drivers, and human activities are as integral to drought as meteorological factors. In large irrigated agricultural regions with high levels of human intervention, where the natural farmland soil moisture has usually been changed significantly by high-frequency irrigation, the actual severity of agricultural drought is distorted in traditional drought indices. In this work, an agricultural drought index that considering irrigation processes based on the Palmer drought severity index (IrrPDSI) was developed to interpret the real agricultural drought conditions in irrigated regions, with a case study in the Haihe River Basin in northeast China. The water balance model in the original PDSI was revised by an auto-irrigation threshold method combined with a local irrigation schedule. The auto-irrigation setting of the index was used by taking irrigation quotas during specific growth stages of specific crops (wheat–corn) into consideration. A series of weekly comparative analyses are as follows: (1) The soil moisture analyses showed that soil moisture values calculated by the modified water balance model were close to the real values; (2) The statistical analyses indicated that most of the stations in the study area based on IrrPDSI had nearly normal distributed values; (3) The time series and spatial analyses showed that the results of the IrrPDSI-reported dry-wet evaluation were more consistent with documented real conditions. All the results revealed that IrrPDSI performed well when used to assess agricultural drought. This work has direct significance for agricultural drought management in large irrigated areas heavily disturbed by human activity.
Mingzhi Yang; Weihua Xiao; Yong Zhao; Xudong Li; Fan Lu; Chuiyu Lu; Yan Chen. Assessing Agricultural Drought in the Anthropocene: A Modified Palmer Drought Severity Index. Water 2017, 9, 725 .
AMA StyleMingzhi Yang, Weihua Xiao, Yong Zhao, Xudong Li, Fan Lu, Chuiyu Lu, Yan Chen. Assessing Agricultural Drought in the Anthropocene: A Modified Palmer Drought Severity Index. Water. 2017; 9 (10):725.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMingzhi Yang; Weihua Xiao; Yong Zhao; Xudong Li; Fan Lu; Chuiyu Lu; Yan Chen. 2017. "Assessing Agricultural Drought in the Anthropocene: A Modified Palmer Drought Severity Index." Water 9, no. 10: 725.
The distribution of nutrients and chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) in reservoir could provide data for decision making. In-situ measurements were performed in April, June, August and October of 2013 in the Panjiakou, a channel reservoir located in Hebei Province of China. Sampling points of total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN) were set at 0.5 m under water surface, 1/2 water depth and near the bottom, respectively, while Chl-a were set according to thermocline. The spatiotemporal variations of TN, TP and Chl-a were studied using Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) method, and the influence of nutrients on Chl-a was examined using an empirical method. Generally, the peak values of both TN and TP concentrations appeared in October. The TN concentration in the upstream was higher than that in the downstream, while the TP concentration was opposite. High nutrients concentration or low nitrogen to phosphorus ratio (NPR) promoted the increase of Chl-a concentration. However, phosphorus was the limiting element to Chl-a as it had placed greater contribution to NPR than nitrogen. Therefore, limiting phosphorus input is important to improve reservoir water quality.
Dachuan Jiang; Junmei Li; Yuyan Zhou; Jianhua Wang; Yan Chen; Weihua Xiao. Evaluating the spatiotemporal variations of nutrients and their effects on Chl-a using deviation rate method in a stratified reservoir. Water Supply 2017, 18, 1173 -1182.
AMA StyleDachuan Jiang, Junmei Li, Yuyan Zhou, Jianhua Wang, Yan Chen, Weihua Xiao. Evaluating the spatiotemporal variations of nutrients and their effects on Chl-a using deviation rate method in a stratified reservoir. Water Supply. 2017; 18 (4):1173-1182.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDachuan Jiang; Junmei Li; Yuyan Zhou; Jianhua Wang; Yan Chen; Weihua Xiao. 2017. "Evaluating the spatiotemporal variations of nutrients and their effects on Chl-a using deviation rate method in a stratified reservoir." Water Supply 18, no. 4: 1173-1182.
It is essential to understand the changing patterns in reference evapotranspiration (ET0) and its relation to climate variables. In this study, meteorological data obtained from the Sanjiang Plain (SJP) between 1959 and 2013 are used to calculate ET0 via the Penman–Monteith method. This study analyses the spatial and temporal changes of ET0 and determines which meteorological variables have an impact on this. The Mann–Kendall test, moving t-test, sensitivity analysis and simulated results have been used to conduct these analyses. The results demonstrate the following. (1) Spatially, there is an increasing trend in the annual ET0 values in agricultural areas. However, significant decreasing trends (P < 0.05) can be found in mountainous regions. (2) Temporally, two abrupt changes can be detected in the early 1980s and the late 1990s for the entire SJP, leading to large inter-annual differences. (3) Sensitivity analysis shows that relative humidity (RH) is the most sensitive climate variable and has a negative influence on ET0, followed by temperature, sunshine duration and wind speed, all of which exert positive impacts. (4) The simulated result shows that ET0 is most sensitive to RH. However, significant reductions in wind speed can exert large influences on the ET0 values.
Xinyi Song; Kui Zhu; Fan Lu; Weihua Xiao. Spatial and temporal variation of reference evapotranspiration under climate change: a case study in the Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China. Water Policy 2017, 49, 251 -265.
AMA StyleXinyi Song, Kui Zhu, Fan Lu, Weihua Xiao. Spatial and temporal variation of reference evapotranspiration under climate change: a case study in the Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China. Water Policy. 2017; 49 (1):251-265.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXinyi Song; Kui Zhu; Fan Lu; Weihua Xiao. 2017. "Spatial and temporal variation of reference evapotranspiration under climate change: a case study in the Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China." Water Policy 49, no. 1: 251-265.
Frequency calculation for extreme flood and methods used for its uncertainty estimation are popular subjects in hydrology research. In this study, uncertainties in extreme flood estimations of the upper Yangtze River were investigated using the Delta and profile likelihood function (PLF) methods, which were used to calculate confidence intervals of key parameters of the generalized extreme value distribution and quantiles of extreme floods. Datasets of annual maximum daily flood discharge (AMDFD) from six hydrological stations located in the main stream and tributaries of the upper Yangtze River were selected in this study. The results showed that AMDFD data from the six stations followed the Weibull distribution, which has a short tail and is bounded above with an upper bound. Of the six stations, the narrowest confidence interval can be detected in the Yichang station, and the widest interval was found in the Cuntan station. Results also show that the record length and the return period are two key factors affecting the confidence interval. The width of confidence intervals decreased with the increase of record length because more information was available, while the width increased with the increase of return period. In addition, the confidence intervals of design floods were similar for both methods in a short return period. However, there was a comparatively large difference between the two methods in a long return period, because the asymmetry of the PLF curve increases with an increase in the return period. This asymmetry of the PLF method is more proficient in reflecting the uncertainty of design flood, suggesting that PLF method is more suitable for uncertainty analysis in extreme flood estimations of the upper Yangtze River Basin.
Jianhua Wang; Fan Lu; Kairong Lin; Weihua Xiao; Xinyi Song; Yanhu He. Comparison and evaluation of uncertainties in extreme flood estimations of the upper Yangtze River by the Delta and profile likelihood function methods. Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment 2016, 31, 2281 -2296.
AMA StyleJianhua Wang, Fan Lu, Kairong Lin, Weihua Xiao, Xinyi Song, Yanhu He. Comparison and evaluation of uncertainties in extreme flood estimations of the upper Yangtze River by the Delta and profile likelihood function methods. Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment. 2016; 31 (9):2281-2296.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJianhua Wang; Fan Lu; Kairong Lin; Weihua Xiao; Xinyi Song; Yanhu He. 2016. "Comparison and evaluation of uncertainties in extreme flood estimations of the upper Yangtze River by the Delta and profile likelihood function methods." Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment 31, no. 9: 2281-2296.
The spatial and temporal variations of algae within a large drinking water reservoir with mesotrophy (Panjiakou Reservoir, Northern China) were investigated in relation to variations in environmental factors over a 6-month period (May to October) in 2013 and 2014. The analysis based on in-situ samples upstream to downstream (Puhekou, Jiajia’an, Yanziyu Panjiakou and Baqian) showed that three harmful algae species of Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta and Bacillariophyta prevail in the reservoir. The variations in algal concentrations presented a seasonal cycle with high values in the flood season and low values in the drought season and a spatial concentration in main water storage area of the reservoir. Compared with the environmental factors of pH value, permanganate index, ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen, water temperature, dissolved oxygen content and total phosphorus were significant related to algae concentrations with correlation coefficients of 0.76, 0.62 and 0.85, respectively. The impact analysis of three factors on prevailing algae species indicated that Chlorophyta was the main contributor to the algal photosynthesis of the Panjiakou Reservoir. An extremely high value of algal concentrations with little variety in August 2013 revealed that pollution carried by tremendous runoff may induce algae blooms later.
Jianhua Wang; Yuyan Zhou; Weihua Xiao; Yaohuan Huang; Yanjie Bi; Liting Wang; Zefan Yang. Spatiotemporal variability of algae in monitoring aquatic environment in the Panjiakou Reservoir (Northern China). Water Resources 2016, 43, 690 -698.
AMA StyleJianhua Wang, Yuyan Zhou, Weihua Xiao, Yaohuan Huang, Yanjie Bi, Liting Wang, Zefan Yang. Spatiotemporal variability of algae in monitoring aquatic environment in the Panjiakou Reservoir (Northern China). Water Resources. 2016; 43 (4):690-698.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJianhua Wang; Yuyan Zhou; Weihua Xiao; Yaohuan Huang; Yanjie Bi; Liting Wang; Zefan Yang. 2016. "Spatiotemporal variability of algae in monitoring aquatic environment in the Panjiakou Reservoir (Northern China)." Water Resources 43, no. 4: 690-698.
Under the combined impacts of climate change and human activities, a series of water issues, such as water shortages, have arisen all over the world. According to current studies in Science and Nature, water security has become a frontier critical topic. Water supply security (WSS), which is the state of water resources and their capacity and their capacity to meet the demand of water users by water supply systems, is an important part of water security. Currently, WSS is affected by the amount of water resources, water supply projects, water quality and water management. Water shortages have also led to water supply insecurity. WSS is now evaluated based on the balance of the supply and demand under a single water resources condition without considering the dynamics of the varying conditions of water resources each year. This paper developed an optimal allocation model for water resources that can realize the optimal allocation of regional water resources and comprehensively evaluate WSS. The objective of this model is to minimize the duration of water shortages in the long term, as characterized by the Water Supply Security Index (WSSI), which is the assessment value of WSS, a larger WSSI value indicates better results. In addition, the simulation results of the model can determine the change process and dynamic evolution of the WSS. Quanzhou, a city in China with serious water shortage problems, was selected as a case study. The allocation results of the current year and target year of planning demonstrated that the level of regional comprehensive WSS was significantly influenced by the capacity of water supply projects and the conditions of the natural water resources. The varying conditions of the water resources allocation results in the same year demonstrated that the allocation results and WSSI were significantly affected by reductions in precipitation, decreases in the water yield coefficient, and changes in the underlying surface.
Jianhua Wang; Baodeng Hou; Dachuan Jiang; Weihua Xiao; Yongxiang Wu; Yong Zhao; Yuyan Zhou; Chongshan Guo; Gaoxu Wang. Optimal Allocation of Water Resources Based on Water Supply Security. Water 2016, 8, 237 .
AMA StyleJianhua Wang, Baodeng Hou, Dachuan Jiang, Weihua Xiao, Yongxiang Wu, Yong Zhao, Yuyan Zhou, Chongshan Guo, Gaoxu Wang. Optimal Allocation of Water Resources Based on Water Supply Security. Water. 2016; 8 (6):237.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJianhua Wang; Baodeng Hou; Dachuan Jiang; Weihua Xiao; Yongxiang Wu; Yong Zhao; Yuyan Zhou; Chongshan Guo; Gaoxu Wang. 2016. "Optimal Allocation of Water Resources Based on Water Supply Security." Water 8, no. 6: 237.
The frequent occurrence of geophysical disasters under climate change has drawn Chinese scholars to pay their attention to disaster relations. If the occurrence sequence of disasters could be identified, long-term disaster forecast could be realized. Based on the Earth Degassing Effect (EDE) which is valid, this paper took the magnitude, epicenter, and occurrence time of the earthquake, as well as the epicenter and occurrence time of the rainstorm floods as basic factors to establish an integrated model to study the correlation between rainstorm floods and earthquakes. 2461 severe earthquakes occurred in China or within 3000 km from China and the 169 heavy rainstorm floods occurred in China over the past 200+ years as the input data of the model. The computational results showed that although most of the rainstorm floods have nothing to do with the severe earthquakes from a statistical perspective, some floods might relate to earthquakes. This is especially true when the earthquakes happen in the vapor transmission zone where rainstorms lead to abundant water vapors. In this regard, earthquakes are more likely to cause big rainstorm floods. However, many cases of rainstorm floods could be found after severe earthquakes with a large extent of uncertainty.
Baodeng Hou; Yongxiang Wu; Jianhua Wang; Kai Wu; Weihua Xiao. Statistics and Analysis of the Relations between Rainstorm Floods and Earthquakes. Advances in Meteorology 2016, 2016, 1 -13.
AMA StyleBaodeng Hou, Yongxiang Wu, Jianhua Wang, Kai Wu, Weihua Xiao. Statistics and Analysis of the Relations between Rainstorm Floods and Earthquakes. Advances in Meteorology. 2016; 2016 ():1-13.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBaodeng Hou; Yongxiang Wu; Jianhua Wang; Kai Wu; Weihua Xiao. 2016. "Statistics and Analysis of the Relations between Rainstorm Floods and Earthquakes." Advances in Meteorology 2016, no. : 1-13.