Recently, green financing has become a popular technique for dealing with environmental issues. However, whether green financing is effective in addressing current global environmental issues remains to be seen since the green investment gap has been discovered to be rather sizable, with no certainty regarding how to fill it. The purpose of this study was to systematically analyze green finance in all of its forms, instruments, and measurements. Herein, we highlighted overall research trends in an effort to enhance green finance for inclusive green investment, as well as examined the progress needed to fill the green finance gap. This study also provides information on which authors, countries, publishers, and journals are contributing most to green finance. The methodological approach used in many reviewed papers was determined as a benchmark for those authors interested in green finance. Moreover, this study critically analyzes and summarizes 146 relevant studies. The results of our review study imply that the green financing gap is frequently observed because of low finance levels, poor green project selection/management, risk and return trade-off, and a lack of analytical tools and expertise in identifying and assessing green project risks. More specifically, regulatory issues have been observed as the main challenge in enhancing green finance. Therefore, we propose further studies to be conducted on how to enhance green finance for green investment that could deliberately affect green growth. Simultaneously, we noted what incentives could initiate private investors to make green investments, and what additional green financing methods should be introduced to fill the financing gap. Finally, this study seeks to have an impact in assisting future studies to consider the status of each country in terms of green finance mobilization and capital contribution by sharing the specific experience of that country and what lessons could be learned from that country.

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of monetary policy and private investment on green finance in the case of Hungary. The study used an explanatory research design and a quantitative research approach. Quarterly secondary time series data over 8 years (2013–2020) were utilized. More specifically, the study used Johnson co-integration test and vector error correction model to investigate the long and short-run relationship among variables. The study’s findings imply that monetary policy, as measured by interest rates and the broad money supply, has a mixed effect on the level of green financing. Interest rates, in particular, have a negative and significant relationship with green finance in both the long and short run. However, a broad money supply has a positive but insignificant relationship with green finance in the long run. Private investment has a positive and significant relationship with green financing in both the long and short run. The study also used inward and outward foreign direct investment, and greenhouse gas as a control variable of the study. The study finding implies that inward foreign direct investment has a positive and significant relationship with green financing in both the long and short run. On the other hand, outward foreign direct investment and the level of greenhouse gas have a negative and significant relationship with green finance in both the long and short run. The study also discovered that over time series, disturbance in domestic private investment was the most determinant factor in forecast error variance of green financing. In addition, the result of document analysis shows that the majority of Hungarian credit institutions are dealing with their corporate strategy rather than their sustainability strategy. Hence, progressive approaches are needed from the credit institution to frame their strategy under the concept of sustainable development goals. The finding of this study will contribute to the existing literature on the study area, provide suggestions on green finance and green monetary policy approaches, provide implications on key stakeholders of green financing, as well as the experience of different economies. The study advises central banks, credit institutions, and regulatory authorities to consider both neoliberal and reformist approaches of green finance and green monetary policies in aid to increase green investment.

This research paper delves into the intricate relationship between taxpayers and taxation systems, seeking to understand the factors influencing individuals’ perceptions of taxes as either a service or a financial burden. The study employed online surveys to collect data from a diverse group of participants, using both quantitative and qualitative research methods. The research findings demonstrate that people’s perceptions of taxes are not solely shaped by economic factors but are also influenced by psychological aspects, government communication, and societal norms. In economically developed countries, citizens tend to have more positive tax perceptions due to the visible benefits of their tax contributions. In contrast, less developed nations often see negative perceptions rooted in the lack of apparent returns on taxes paid. Additionally, the fairness of tax policies and government communication significantly impact how taxes are perceived. This research provides insights for policymakers on how to enhance tax compliance and improve taxpayer–government relations. It suggests that progressive and fair tax policies can lead to higher compliance rates and increased revenue collection. Furthermore, simplifying tax systems and reducing bureaucratic obstacles can make tax compliance more accessible and less burdensome. The study also offers international case studies for best practices that can be adapted to different contexts. This study sheds light on the multifaceted nature of tax perceptions and their impact on economic behavior. It underscores the importance of considering both economic and psychological factors, as well as government policies and communication, in shaping taxpayers’ views on taxation.

The numerous organisations voicing their concerns show that concern for the environment has increased compared to earlier times. This study aims to investigate the relationship between green brand innovation and green perceived value, along with its impact on green brand loyalty within the Ethiopian banking sector. Based upon previous research, this study delves into the distinctions between innovation and innovativeness, exploring their respective influences on brand loyalty. Additionally, this study introduces the roles of green perceived value as a mediator and consumer green knowledge as a moderator in shaping green brand loyalty. To assess the conceptual model, a survey was conducted using convenience sampling among 600 customers using internet banking services across nine reputable banks. This approach aimed to capture a representative sample for the conceptual model. Subsequently, data analysis was performed using a structural equation model (SEM). The results indicated that consumers’ perceptions of green value have indirect effects on green brand loyalty and direct effects on green brand innovation. In addition, green knowledge moderates the relationship between green brand innovation and green perceived value in a significant way. Therefore, in order to increase customer loyalty to green brand innovations, organisations should focus on improving consumers’ environmental literacy and cultivating positive attitudes towards green businesses.

In recent years, green finance has become a popular method for dealing with environmental issues. However, it remains to be seen whether green financing is effective in addressing current global environmental issues. In this article, we, therefore, analyze the diffusion patterns of green finance publications in the Global South and Global North to identify which section of the globe is under-researched from this perspective. The study tried to highlight the overall trends of research publications on green finance, continent, most contributing authors, countries, and journals. The study used a bibliometric approach with the help of R studio software. The Scopus database was used for extracting the resources and 522 documents utilized in this bibliometric analysis. The result demonstrates that the diffusion of green finance is more common in the Global North than in the Global South. However, the number of scientific studies produced over time, the number of active authors, and affiliations of the Global South have contributed more than the Global North. More specifically, at the continental level, Asia and the Pacific are playing a lion’s share in providing scientific research publications on the green-finance-related issue. Meanwhile, the Arab states and Africa are the lowest contributing continent. China has the highest number of publications worldwide. However, this reality may be different if another approach (per capita contribution) is used to investigate the issue of green finance. Hence, we call for future studies to consider this fact in investigating the issue of green finance across the world. Furthermore, the study proposes further studies to be conducted on what are the factors that drive the Global South to lead. Finally, it is also better if the future studies take into account the status of each country in terms of green finance mobilization and capital contribution to share the specific experience of that country and lessons taken from that country.

The COVID-19 crisis and the war between Russia and Ukraine affects the world economy badly. The western countries’ economic sanctions on Russia and the Russian government’s reverse sanctions on western countries create pressure on the world economy. This study was conducted to investigate how the economic performance is responding to COVID-19 and the geopolitical crisis of the era. In doing so, both theoretical and numerical data reviews have been performed. The objective of the study is to investigate the short-term risks and long-term strategic challenges of the crisis. The study used a bibliometric approach with the help of RStudio software. The Web of Science database was used for extracting the resources in line with the grey literature from the Google Search engine. A total of 895 documents were utilized in this bibliometric analysis. At the same time, secondary panel data extracted from the international monetary fund (IMF) for a period of 4 years (2019–2022) were utilized for reviewing numerical implications. The purposive sampling technique is used for data selection and main economic variables. The findings of the study imply that countries over the world registered less economic growth, high inflation rate, and high government debt in 2022 compared to the fiscal period of 2019–2021. The emerging economies and developing countries of Europe were badly affected by the crisis as the level of inflation rate hit 27 percent and the economic growth of the region registered a negative 2.9 percent. The study also found rising interest rates, exchange rate volatility, risk of stagflation, and rising energy prices are the short-term risks to economies. The issue of sustainable development goals and green aspects, risk of hyperinflation, and risk of economic recession are the long-term strategic challenges or risks to economies. Bailout and debt relief were found to be necessary for those countries badly affected by the crisis. Policymakers should facilitate financial policies and should switch from general assistance to targeted support of viable enterprises.