In the past, research has been conducted on what causes clients to remain with a bank in the global banking business. Relationship marketing is predicated on customer retention; hence, these findings encourage authors of scholarly marketing literature to include these aspects. This study looks at how bonding, responsiveness, and communication directly affect customer retention and customer satisfaction, as well as how bonding, responsiveness, and communication indirectly affect customer retention via customer satisfaction. Through the use of the convenience sampling method, a total of 384 customers were chosen. An investigation of banking customers was carried out in the form of a cross-sectional survey, making use of a structured questionnaire. The results showed that bonding and communication had a direct and significant effect on keeping customers, but responsiveness did not. Also, bonding, communication, and responsiveness have a direct and significant effect on customer satisfaction. In a similar vein, customer satisfaction has a direct effect on customer retention. On the other hand, bonding and responsiveness were seen to have an indirect but significant effect on customer retention via customer satisfaction, whereas communication did not. The study suggests that managers retain consumers by promptly reacting to customer needs and communicating effectively. This will assist them in satisfying and retaining customers.

The numerous organisations voicing their concerns show that concern for the environment has increased compared to earlier times. This study aims to investigate the relationship between green brand innovation and green perceived value, along with its impact on green brand loyalty within the Ethiopian banking sector. Based upon previous research, this study delves into the distinctions between innovation and innovativeness, exploring their respective influences on brand loyalty. Additionally, this study introduces the roles of green perceived value as a mediator and consumer green knowledge as a moderator in shaping green brand loyalty. To assess the conceptual model, a survey was conducted using convenience sampling among 600 customers using internet banking services across nine reputable banks. This approach aimed to capture a representative sample for the conceptual model. Subsequently, data analysis was performed using a structural equation model (SEM). The results indicated that consumers’ perceptions of green value have indirect effects on green brand loyalty and direct effects on green brand innovation. In addition, green knowledge moderates the relationship between green brand innovation and green perceived value in a significant way. Therefore, in order to increase customer loyalty to green brand innovations, organisations should focus on improving consumers’ environmental literacy and cultivating positive attitudes towards green businesses.

The objective of this study is to examine how Environmental, Social, and Governance integration can enhance the reputation and ranking performance of higher education institutions , with a focus on the Indian context. The research adopts a conceptual analysis methodology, drawing on secondary data from global and national ESG reporting frameworks such as the Global Initiative, UN Sustainable Development Goals , Sustainability Tracking, Assessment & Rating System , ISO 26000, and Business Responsibility and Sustainability Reporting in India. The study also evaluates their alignment with university ranking systems, including the Times Higher Education THE Impact Rankings, QS Sustainability Rankings, UI Green Metric, and the National Institutional Ranking Framework. Findings indicate that adopting recognized ESG frameworks improves transparency, accountability, and sustainability performance, leading to stronger stakeholder trust, enhanced institutional credibility, and improved ranking outcomes. The paper concludes that ESG should be viewed as a strategic imperative rather than a compliance measure. Recommendations include embedding ESG into governance and operations, adopting relevant frameworks, and leveraging ESG performance to achieve long-term competitiveness and societal impact.

As companies look to align audit processes with risk exposure rather than solely with compliance, risk-based auditing (RBA) has become increasingly important in contemporary auditing. Nevertheless, despite its theoretical advantages, RBA's actual application remains uneven, and its efficacy varies across industries and audit settings. This study's objective is to methodically investigate the practical application of RBA and assess its quantifiable effects on audit performance using the available empirical data. This study screens peer-reviewed journal papers published between 2010 and 2024 using a systematic literature review process that adheres to PRISMA principles. To evaluate implementation tactics, operational difficulties, and quantitative results about RBA adoption, a total of 23 qualifying papers were examined. The findings show that RBA implementation is rising worldwide, especially among regulated businesses, public bodies, and financial institutions. Improvements in audit effectiveness and operational efficiency are demonstrated by quantitative evidence from the reviewed studies, including quantifiable reductions in audit time reported in 7 studies, increases in risk-prioritization accuracy in 9 studies, and improvements in audit resource-allocation efficiency documented in 6 studies. Compared with conventional audit techniques, several studies also demonstrate improved identification of high-risk audit concerns. The main conclusions show that RBA adoption strengthens audit decision-making, increases assurance quality, and improves alignment between audit operations and organizational risk exposure. However, the data also show that differences in organizational preparedness, audit maturity, and training quality affect performance and implementation outcomes.