The antibacterial activities of silver (Ag) and copper (Cu) monometallic and bimetallic nanoparticles (MNPs and BNPs) against the most economically important and common plant bacterial diseases in Kyrgyzstan were tested, as well as their phytotoxic effects on wheat and corn seeds. To achieve this, a range of Ag and Cu MNPs and BNPs were synthesized using different methods and were tested at different concentrations to compare their biological effects. The antibacterial activities of Ag and Cu MNPs and Ag‐Cu BNPs against the plant pathogenic bacteria Erwinia amylovora, Pseudomonas syringae, and Pectobacterium carotovorum were evaluated. Of the three pathogens, Ps. syringae was found to be the most sensitive to NPs. The antimicrobial activities of the tested NPs showed significant positive correlations with the concentration; hence, there was a dose‐dependent effect. Due to their antibacterial properties, these Ag‐Cu nanocomposites have high potential in plant protection applications.

Silver (Ag) nanoparticles were successfully prepared by using the in-liquid pulsed plasma technique. This method is based on a low voltage, pulsed spark discharge in a dielectric liquid. We explore the effect of the protecting ligands, specifically Cetyl Trimethylammonium Bromide (CTAB), Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and Sodium n-Dodecyl Sulphate (SDS), used as surfactant materials to prevent nanoparticle aggregation. The X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) patterns of the samples confirm the face-centered cubic crystalline structure of Ag nanoparticles with the presence of Ag₂O skin. Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) reveals that spherically shaped Ag nanoparticles with a diameter of 2.2 ± 0.8 nm were synthesised in aqueous solution with PVP surfactant. Similarly, silver nanoparticles with a peak diameter of 1.9 ± 0.4 nm were obtained with SDS surfactant. A broad size distribution was found in the case of CTAB surfactant.

To obtain nanocomposites of Ag-Sn binary metal systems with the joint dispersion of the corresponding metals, a laboratory installation was used, where a spark discharge is created using an RC generator. It has been established that with the joint electric spark dispersion of silver and tin in water, nanoparticles of the Ag3Sn solid solution, β-Sn metal tin and oxides of divalent and trivalent tin are formed. To study the effect of a nanocomposite sample on the germination and growth of plants, wheat seeds of the “Zhiger” variety were selected. Nanocomposites of silver and tin obtained in a water environment have a fairly active effect on the germination and growth of wheat. Compared to the control variant, the length and thickness of the roots of wheat shoots soaked in a solution of silver and tin nanocomposite increases significantly. In the control variant, plants have thin, short and weak roots. The experiments showed that the length of the root of seedlings treated with a solution of silver and tin nanocomposite obtained in a water environment is higher compared to the control sample and after 2 weeks they reached 11-13 cm. Nanocomposites of the Ag-Sn system obtained by electric spark dispersion in a water environment , have high biological activity and quite actively influence the germination and growth of wheat. Compared to the control variant, the length and thickness of the roots of wheat shoots increases significantly.

The purpose of this work is to study the possibility of synthesizing nanocomposites of the Ag-Ni system through the joint chemical reduction of silver and nickel ions in the presence of a stabilizer. Solutions containing certain amounts of silver and nickel ions were prepared from the corresponding nitrates of silver and nickel. A solution of hydrazine hydrate was used as a reducing agent. Gelatin and sodium dodecyl sulfate (DSN) are used to stabilize the particles in the solution. With the combined chemical reduction of silver and nickel ions in the presence of gelatin or sodium dodecyl sulfate, regardless of the composition of the reaction medium, a nanocomposite consisting of nanodispersed silver and nickel particles is formed. The phase composition and dispersion of nanocomposites synthesized in the presence of various stabilizers have been studied by X-ray phase analysis and electron microscopy. The dispersion of nanocomposites depends on the type of stabilizer. The phase composition of the products of joint reduction of silver and nickel is influenced by the nature of the stabilizer. The XRD results of a sample synthesized in the presence of gelatin show that this product consists of three phases: metallic silver, nickel and nickel hydroxide. In the second sample, where the stabilizer is SDS, there are also lines characteristic of metallic silver and nickel, as well as low-intensity lines related to nickel hydroxide. The dispersity of nanocomposites depends on the type of stabilizer. It is established that the most highly dispersed nanocomposites are formed in a gelatin medium.