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X. H. Li
College of horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China

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Journal article
Published: 24 May 2021 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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Lignin is a biodegradable, non-toxic, and renewable biopolymer. The present investigation focuses on the bio-fabrication of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (Li-SPIONs) using lignin from agro-wastes (straw of paddy and wheat) as a capping and reducing agent. The main motive of this study is to produce the biopolymer mediated nanomaterials using lignin. It is very important and needed in medicinal field as biodegradable nano drug delivery vehicles. Lignin mediated biogenic iron oxide nanomaterials were characterized by various techniques. An analysis of Field Emission Scanning Microscopy and High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope reveals that spherical-shaped Lignin mediated biogenic iron oxide nanomaterials were 20 ± 2 nm and 32 ± 4 nm in size respectively. The vibrating-sample magnetometer analysis illustrates that the bio-synthesized nanoparticles contain saturation magnetization. The lignin and their functional groups are act as capping and reducing/stabilizing agent for formation of biogenic iron oxide nanomaterials with magnetic power. In addition, this study was to explore Lignin mediated biogenic iron oxide nanomaterials for antioxidant activities using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay. The IC50 values of the DPPH assay were as follows, 60 μg/mL (PLi-SPIONs) and 62 μg/mL (WLi-SPIONs). The rate of percent free radical inhibition was 59.85% determine its maximum antioxidant potential. Biogenic iron oxide nanomaterials were able to deactivate the free radicals and oxidative metabolites. It clearly shows that biogenic iron oxide nanomaterials have good magnetic and antioxidant properties, which could be used to produce and formulate novel drug and biomedical applications.

ACS Style

Rajiv Periakaruppan; Jianjie Li; Huiling Mei; Ying Yu; Shunkai Hu; Xuan Chen; Xinghui Li; Guiyi Guo. Agro-waste mediated biopolymer for production of biogenic nano iron oxide with superparamagnetic power and antioxidant strength. Journal of Cleaner Production 2021, 311, 127512 .

AMA Style

Rajiv Periakaruppan, Jianjie Li, Huiling Mei, Ying Yu, Shunkai Hu, Xuan Chen, Xinghui Li, Guiyi Guo. Agro-waste mediated biopolymer for production of biogenic nano iron oxide with superparamagnetic power and antioxidant strength. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2021; 311 ():127512.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rajiv Periakaruppan; Jianjie Li; Huiling Mei; Ying Yu; Shunkai Hu; Xuan Chen; Xinghui Li; Guiyi Guo. 2021. "Agro-waste mediated biopolymer for production of biogenic nano iron oxide with superparamagnetic power and antioxidant strength." Journal of Cleaner Production 311, no. : 127512.

Journal article
Published: 09 March 2021 in Sustainability
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(1) Aims: This study was aimed to investigate the effects of organic and inorganic fertilizer application on the soil nutrients and microbiota in tea garden soil. (2) Method: Illumina Hiseq sequencing technique was conducted to analyze the microbial diversity and density in different fertilizer-applied tea garden soil. (3) Results: The results showed that Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were the predominant bacterial species observed in the tea garden soil. Besides, the relative abundance of Basidiomycota, Ascomycota and Zygomycota fungal species were higher in the tea garden soil. Correlation analysis revealed that Acidibacter and Acidothermus were significantly correlated with chemical properties (such as total organic carbon (TOC), total phosphorus (TP) and available phosphorus (AP) contents) of the tea garden soil. Furthermore, all these microbes were abundant in medium rapeseed cake (MRSC) + green manure (GM) treated tea garden soil. (4) Conclusion: Based on the obtained results, we conclude that the application of MRSC + GM could be a preferred fertilizer to increase the soil nutrients (TOC, TP and AP content) and microbial population in the tea garden soil.

ACS Style

Haiping Fu; Huan Li; Peng Yin; Huiling Mei; Jianjie Li; Pinqian Zhou; Yuanjiang Wang; Qingping Ma; Anburaj Jeyaraj; Kuberan Thangaraj; Xuan Chen; Xinghui Li; Guiyi Guo. Integrated Application of Rapeseed Cake and Green Manure Enhances Soil Nutrients and Microbial Communities in Tea Garden Soil. Sustainability 2021, 13, 2967 .

AMA Style

Haiping Fu, Huan Li, Peng Yin, Huiling Mei, Jianjie Li, Pinqian Zhou, Yuanjiang Wang, Qingping Ma, Anburaj Jeyaraj, Kuberan Thangaraj, Xuan Chen, Xinghui Li, Guiyi Guo. Integrated Application of Rapeseed Cake and Green Manure Enhances Soil Nutrients and Microbial Communities in Tea Garden Soil. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (5):2967.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Haiping Fu; Huan Li; Peng Yin; Huiling Mei; Jianjie Li; Pinqian Zhou; Yuanjiang Wang; Qingping Ma; Anburaj Jeyaraj; Kuberan Thangaraj; Xuan Chen; Xinghui Li; Guiyi Guo. 2021. "Integrated Application of Rapeseed Cake and Green Manure Enhances Soil Nutrients and Microbial Communities in Tea Garden Soil." Sustainability 13, no. 5: 2967.

Journal article
Published: 22 January 2021 in Scientia Horticulturae
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Anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is one of the most serious diseases of tea plant [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze]. MicroRNAs are key modulators of gene expression in defense responses and plant immunity; although, foliar application of exogenous caffeine in anthracnose disease control management has proven to be effective, miRNA-mediated regulatory mechanisms underlying caffeine-induced plant defense response to C. gloeosporioides remain unexplored in tea plant. Using high-throughput-sequencing, 24 miRNA sequencing data sets and 8 degradome data sets were generated from the susceptible cultivar Longjing43 (LJ43) and the resistant cultivar Zhongcha108 (ZC108) leaves treated with CK (Water), C. gloeosporioides-inoculation (CgI), exogenous caffeine (CN) and CgI + CN. Using sRNA sequencing, 424 conserved miRNAs and 417 novel miRNAs were identified; of these, 146 and 130 miRNAs were differentially expressed under CgI + CN treatment in the LJ43 and ZC108, respectively. Degradome sequencing identified 599 targets predicted to be cleaved by 210 conserved and 70 novel miRNAs. Majority of the annotated targets were found to involve in regulation of transcription factors, oxidation-reduction and metabolic process for plant growth and development as well as stress responses in tea plant against C. gloeosporioides stress. The expression pattern of eight miRNAs and their targets were validated by qRT-PCR, and correlation analysis of csn-miR164a_R+1_1ss21AG/NAC-17 and csn-miR396b-5p/GRF-1 showed highly significant negative R-value at 7th dpi under CgI + CN in the LJ43. This study provides important insights into the novel approach of exogenous caffeine-induced miRNAs dynamically exerts its fungicidal activity through regulating JA/ET signaling pathway, thereby accurately switch on LJ43 susceptibility nature to resistance activity against C. gloeosporioides infection.

ACS Style

Anburaj Jeyaraj; Tamilselvi Elango; Ying Yu; Xuefei Chen; Zhongwei Zou; Zhaotang Ding; Zhen Zhao; Xuan Chen; Xinghui Li; Linbo Chen. Impact of exogenous caffeine on regulatory networks of microRNAs in response to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in tea plant. Scientia Horticulturae 2021, 279, 109914 .

AMA Style

Anburaj Jeyaraj, Tamilselvi Elango, Ying Yu, Xuefei Chen, Zhongwei Zou, Zhaotang Ding, Zhen Zhao, Xuan Chen, Xinghui Li, Linbo Chen. Impact of exogenous caffeine on regulatory networks of microRNAs in response to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in tea plant. Scientia Horticulturae. 2021; 279 ():109914.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anburaj Jeyaraj; Tamilselvi Elango; Ying Yu; Xuefei Chen; Zhongwei Zou; Zhaotang Ding; Zhen Zhao; Xuan Chen; Xinghui Li; Linbo Chen. 2021. "Impact of exogenous caffeine on regulatory networks of microRNAs in response to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in tea plant." Scientia Horticulturae 279, no. : 109914.

Agriculture
Published: 01 January 2021 in All Life
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‘Huabai 1’ is a novel albino tea germplasm that has a stable albino phenotype and prolonged albino period. In this study, widely targeted metabolomics was employed to analyze the metabolic profile of ‘Huabai 1’, and compare metabolites between albino shoots of ‘Huabai 1’ (HBW) and albino shoots of the broadest cultivated cultivar ‘Baiye 1’ (BYW). A total of 359 differential metabolites were identified in ‘Huabai 1’. Comparative analysis of differential metabolites revealed that 83 and 161 differential metabolites were specific for HBW and BYW, respectively. The phenylpropanoid and flavonoids biosynthesis are the key metabolic pathways, contributing to the color change in ‘Huabai 1’, while the purine metabolism and lipid-related metabolites may play important roles in regulating albinism in ‘Baiye 1’. Comparative analysis of amino acids and catechins revealed that the umami taste of albino tea may be due to the internal balance of amino acid components and the decrease in phenol-ammonia ratio. In addition, lipid-related metabolites, the main contributors to the aroma of tea, were significantly enriched in BYW, while, HBW possess higher antioxidative components than that of BYW, such as apigenin and genistein etc., suggesting that the ‘Huabai 1’ may have high prospects in commercialization and future breeding programs.

ACS Style

Xuefei Chen; Hanpu Yu; Jin Zhu; Yu Chen; Zhilu Fu; Yuxin Zhao; Ying Yu; Xuan Chen; Xinghui Li; Qingping Ma. Widely targeted metabolomic analyses of albino tea germplasm ‘Huabai 1’ and ‘Baiye 1’. All Life 2021, 14, 530 -540.

AMA Style

Xuefei Chen, Hanpu Yu, Jin Zhu, Yu Chen, Zhilu Fu, Yuxin Zhao, Ying Yu, Xuan Chen, Xinghui Li, Qingping Ma. Widely targeted metabolomic analyses of albino tea germplasm ‘Huabai 1’ and ‘Baiye 1’. All Life. 2021; 14 (1):530-540.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xuefei Chen; Hanpu Yu; Jin Zhu; Yu Chen; Zhilu Fu; Yuxin Zhao; Ying Yu; Xuan Chen; Xinghui Li; Qingping Ma. 2021. "Widely targeted metabolomic analyses of albino tea germplasm ‘Huabai 1’ and ‘Baiye 1’." All Life 14, no. 1: 530-540.

Journal article
Published: 23 September 2020 in Scientific Reports
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Drought stress triggers a series of physiological and biochemical changes in tea plants. It is well known that flavonoids, lignin and long-chain fatty acids play important roles in drought resistance. However, changes in proteins related to these three metabolic pathways in tea plants under drought stress have not been reported. We analysed the proteomic profiles of tea plants by tandem mass tag and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. A total of 4789 proteins were identified, of which 11 and 100 showed up- and downregulation, respectively. The proteins related to the biosynthesis of lignin, flavonoids and long-chain fatty acids, including phenylalanine ammonia lyase, cinnamoyl-CoA reductase, peroxidase, chalcone synthase, flavanone 3-hydroxylase, flavonol synthase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1,3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 6 and 3-ketoacyl-CoA reductase 1, were downregulated. However, the contents of soluble proteins, malondialdehyde, total phenols, lignin and flavonoids in the tea plants increased. These results showed that tea plants might improve drought resistance by inhibiting the accumulation of synthases related to lignin, flavonoids and long-chain fatty acids. The proteomic spectrum of tea plants provides a scientific basis for studying the pathways related to lignin, flavonoid and long-chain fatty acid metabolism in response to drought stress.

ACS Style

Honglian Gu; Yu Wang; Hui Xie; Chen Qiu; Shuning Zhang; Jun Xiao; Hongyan Li; Liang Chen; Xinghui Li; Zhaotang Ding. Drought stress triggers proteomic changes involving lignin, flavonoids and fatty acids in tea plants. Scientific Reports 2020, 10, 1 -11.

AMA Style

Honglian Gu, Yu Wang, Hui Xie, Chen Qiu, Shuning Zhang, Jun Xiao, Hongyan Li, Liang Chen, Xinghui Li, Zhaotang Ding. Drought stress triggers proteomic changes involving lignin, flavonoids and fatty acids in tea plants. Scientific Reports. 2020; 10 (1):1-11.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Honglian Gu; Yu Wang; Hui Xie; Chen Qiu; Shuning Zhang; Jun Xiao; Hongyan Li; Liang Chen; Xinghui Li; Zhaotang Ding. 2020. "Drought stress triggers proteomic changes involving lignin, flavonoids and fatty acids in tea plants." Scientific Reports 10, no. 1: 1-11.

Journal article
Published: 29 August 2020 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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An eco-friendly, low toxic and facile synthetic approach was employed to produce superparamagnetic biogenic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPBIONs) using an aqueous extract of tea-pruning waste as a reducing agent under alkaline conditions. As-biosynthesized SPBIONs were extensively characterized by various analytical tools. For instance, XRD pattern showed crystallinity and FTIR spectra revealed the presence of bioactive molecules required for the reduction of iron oxide ions. AFM and FESEM-EDX images showed agglomerated spherical shape with strong signals of iron metallic ions. The average crystallite sizes of SPBIONs were found to be 20 – 35 nm by HRTEM analysis. Zeta potential analysis confirmed that the surface charge of the green synthesized SPBIONs was highly negative (-25.2 mV) and stable. TGA curve reported a weight loss of 14 %, which occurred in SPBIONs over temperatures ranging from 50 °C to 950 °C due to the removal of water molecules and volatile compounds. VSM analysis revealed that SPBIONs exhibited superparamagnetic properties with a high-saturation magnetization value of 11 emu/g. In addition, the antioxidant property of SPBIONs was investigated with 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), a free radical assay, and it was seen that 70 μg/mL (IC50) of SPBIONs was able to neutralize the generation of free radicals and oxidative stress. The present study successfully demonstrated that utilization of tea resources for the production of SPBIONs with superparamagnetic and antioxidant properties might be used to design antioxidant agents and other biomedical applications.

ACS Style

Rajiv Periakaruppan; Xuan Chen; Kuberan Thangaraj; Anburaj Jeyaraj; Hoang Ha Nguyen; Ying Yu; Shunkai Hu; Li Lu; Xinghui Li. Utilization of tea resources with the production of superparamagnetic biogenic iron oxide nanoparticles and an assessment of their antioxidant activities. Journal of Cleaner Production 2020, 278, 123962 .

AMA Style

Rajiv Periakaruppan, Xuan Chen, Kuberan Thangaraj, Anburaj Jeyaraj, Hoang Ha Nguyen, Ying Yu, Shunkai Hu, Li Lu, Xinghui Li. Utilization of tea resources with the production of superparamagnetic biogenic iron oxide nanoparticles and an assessment of their antioxidant activities. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020; 278 ():123962.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rajiv Periakaruppan; Xuan Chen; Kuberan Thangaraj; Anburaj Jeyaraj; Hoang Ha Nguyen; Ying Yu; Shunkai Hu; Li Lu; Xinghui Li. 2020. "Utilization of tea resources with the production of superparamagnetic biogenic iron oxide nanoparticles and an assessment of their antioxidant activities." Journal of Cleaner Production 278, no. : 123962.

Research article
Published: 07 July 2020 in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
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Pruning is an important plant management practice in tea cultivation. However, the mechanism underlying the dynamics of nutrient uptake by roots of pruned tea is unknown. This study investigated the metabolic alterations in lateral roots of pruned tea to unveil the mechanism of nutrient uptake. Elemental analysis revealed that pruning significantly increases the uptake of nutrients by lateral roots. Metabolic profiling showed significant metabolic variations in lateral roots of pruned tea. Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis revealed that flavonoid biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and amino acid metabolism were differentially regulated in lateral roots. Caffeine metabolism was significantly hindered, while ethylene signaling was significantly induced in lateral roots of pruned plants. In addition, intermediates in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle were upregulated, indicating high rates of the TCA cycle. Therefore, pathways related to phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, TCA cycle, ethylene biosynthesis, and metabolism of amino acids contribute to higher nutrient uptake by lateral roots of the tea plant.

ACS Style

Emmanuel Arkorful; Shunkai Hu; Zhongwei Zou; Ying Yu; Xuan Chen; Xinghui Li. Metabolomic Analyses Provide New Insights into Signaling Mechanisms for Nutrient Uptake by Lateral Roots of Pruned Tea Plant (Camellia sinensis). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2020, 68, 1 .

AMA Style

Emmanuel Arkorful, Shunkai Hu, Zhongwei Zou, Ying Yu, Xuan Chen, Xinghui Li. Metabolomic Analyses Provide New Insights into Signaling Mechanisms for Nutrient Uptake by Lateral Roots of Pruned Tea Plant (Camellia sinensis). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2020; 68 (30):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Emmanuel Arkorful; Shunkai Hu; Zhongwei Zou; Ying Yu; Xuan Chen; Xinghui Li. 2020. "Metabolomic Analyses Provide New Insights into Signaling Mechanisms for Nutrient Uptake by Lateral Roots of Pruned Tea Plant (Camellia sinensis)." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 68, no. 30: 1.

Review
Published: 16 June 2020 in RNA Biology
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MicroRNAs play a central role in responses to biotic stressors through their interactions with their target mRNAs. Tea plant (Camellia sinensis L.), an important beverage crop, is vulnerable to tea geometrid and anthracnose disease that causes considerable crop loss and tea production worldwide. Sustainable production of tea in the current scenario to biotic factors is major challenges. To overcome the problem of biotic stresses, high-throughput sequencing (HTS) with bioinformatics analyses has been used as an effective approach for the identification of stress-responsive miRNAs and their regulatory functions in tea plant. These stress-responsive miRNAs can be utilized for miRNA-mediated gene silencing to enhance stress tolerance in tea plant. Therefore, this review summarizes the current understanding of miRNAs regulatory functions in tea plant responding to Ectropis oblique and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides attacks for future miRNA research. Also, it highlights the utilization of miRNA-mediated gene silencing strategies for developing biotic stress tolerant tea plant.

ACS Style

Anburaj Jeyaraj; Tamilselvi Elango; Xinghui Li; Guiyi Guo. Utilization of microRNAs and their regulatory functions for improving biotic stress tolerance in tea plant [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze]. RNA Biology 2020, 17, 1365 -1382.

AMA Style

Anburaj Jeyaraj, Tamilselvi Elango, Xinghui Li, Guiyi Guo. Utilization of microRNAs and their regulatory functions for improving biotic stress tolerance in tea plant [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze]. RNA Biology. 2020; 17 (10):1365-1382.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anburaj Jeyaraj; Tamilselvi Elango; Xinghui Li; Guiyi Guo. 2020. "Utilization of microRNAs and their regulatory functions for improving biotic stress tolerance in tea plant [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze]." RNA Biology 17, no. 10: 1365-1382.

Preprint content
Published: 27 May 2020
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Background Tea plant (Camellia sinensis) is one of the most popular non-alcoholic beverage worldwide. Lateral roots (LRs) of tea plant are the main organ used for tea plant to absorb soil moisture and nutrients. Lateral roots formation and development are tightly regulated by the nitrogen and auxin signaling pathway. In order to understand the function of auxin and nitrogen signaling in LRs formation and development, transcriptome analysis was applied to investigate the differentially expressed genes involved in lateral roots of tea plants treated with indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA), low and high nitrogen concentration. Results A total of 296 common differentially expressed genes were mainly identified and annotated to four signaling pathways, such as nitrogen metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction, Glutathione metabolism and transcription factors. RNA-sequencing results revealed that majority of differentially expressed genes play important roles in nitrogen metabolism and hormonal signal transduction. Low nitrogen condition induced the biosynthesis of auxin and accumulation of transcripts, thereby regulating lateral roots formation. Furthermore, metabolism of cytokinin and ethylene biosynthesis were also involved in lateral roots development. Transcription factors like MYB genes also contributed to the lateral roots formation of tea plants through secondary cell wall biosynthesis. Reversed phase ultra performance liquid chromatography (RP-UPLC) results showed that the auxin concentration in lateral roots was increased, while the nitrogen level decreased. Thus, tea plant lateral roots formation could be induced by low nitrogen concentration via auxin biosynthesis and accumulation. Conclusion This study provides new insights into the mechanisms associated with nitrogen and auxin signaling pathways to regulate LRs formation and arises new clues for the efficient utilization of nitrogen in tea plant at the genetic level.

ACS Style

Shunkai Hu; Mi Zhang; Yiqing Yang; Wei Xuan; Zhongwei Zou; Emmanuel Arkorful; Yi Chen; Qingping Ma; Anburaj Jeyaraj; Xuan Chen; Xinghui Li. A novel insight into nitrogen and auxin signaling in lateral root formation in tea plant [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze]. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Shunkai Hu, Mi Zhang, Yiqing Yang, Wei Xuan, Zhongwei Zou, Emmanuel Arkorful, Yi Chen, Qingping Ma, Anburaj Jeyaraj, Xuan Chen, Xinghui Li. A novel insight into nitrogen and auxin signaling in lateral root formation in tea plant [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze]. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shunkai Hu; Mi Zhang; Yiqing Yang; Wei Xuan; Zhongwei Zou; Emmanuel Arkorful; Yi Chen; Qingping Ma; Anburaj Jeyaraj; Xuan Chen; Xinghui Li. 2020. "A novel insight into nitrogen and auxin signaling in lateral root formation in tea plant [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze]." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 24 May 2020 in BMC Plant Biology
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Background Tea plant (Camellia sinensis) is one of the most popular non-alcoholic beverages worldwide. In tea, lateral roots (LRs) are the main organ responsible for the absorption of moisture and mineral nutrients from the soil. Lateral roots formation and development are regulated by the nitrogen and auxin signaling pathways. In order to understand the role of auxin and nitrogen signaling in LRs formation and development, transcriptome analysis was employed to investigate the differentially expressed genes involved in lateral roots of tea plants treated with indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA), low and high concentrations of nitrogen. Results A total of 296 common differentially expressed genes were identified and annotated to four signaling pathways, including nitrogen metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction, glutathione metabolism and transcription factors. RNA-sequencing results revealed that majority of differentially expressed genes play important roles in nitrogen metabolism and hormonal signal transduction. Low nitrogen condition induced the biosynthesis of auxin and accumulation of transcripts, thereby, regulating lateral roots formation. Furthermore, metabolism of cytokinin and ethylene biosynthesis were also involved in lateral roots development. Transcription factors like MYB genes also contributed to lateral roots formation of tea plants through secondary cell wall biosynthesis. Reversed phase ultra performance liquid chromatography (RP-UPLC) results showed that the auxin concentration increased with the decreased nitrogen level in lateral roots. Thus, tea plant lateral roots formation could be induced by low nitrogen concentration via auxin biosynthesis and accumulation. Conclusion This study provided insights into the mechanisms associated with nitrogen and auxin signaling pathways in LRs formation and provides information on the efficient utilization of nitrogen in tea plant at the genetic level.

ACS Style

Shunkai Hu; Mi Zhang; Yiqing Yang; Wei Xuan; Zhongwei Zou; Emmanuel Arkorful; Yi Chen; Qingping Ma; Anburaj Jeyaraj; Xuan Chen; Xinghui Li. A novel insight into nitrogen and auxin signaling in lateral root formation in tea plant [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze]. BMC Plant Biology 2020, 20, 1 -17.

AMA Style

Shunkai Hu, Mi Zhang, Yiqing Yang, Wei Xuan, Zhongwei Zou, Emmanuel Arkorful, Yi Chen, Qingping Ma, Anburaj Jeyaraj, Xuan Chen, Xinghui Li. A novel insight into nitrogen and auxin signaling in lateral root formation in tea plant [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze]. BMC Plant Biology. 2020; 20 (1):1-17.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shunkai Hu; Mi Zhang; Yiqing Yang; Wei Xuan; Zhongwei Zou; Emmanuel Arkorful; Yi Chen; Qingping Ma; Anburaj Jeyaraj; Xuan Chen; Xinghui Li. 2020. "A novel insight into nitrogen and auxin signaling in lateral root formation in tea plant [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze]." BMC Plant Biology 20, no. 1: 1-17.

Preprint content
Published: 10 March 2020
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Abstract Background Tea plant (Camellia sinensis) is one of the most popular non-alcoholic beverage worldwide. Lateral roots (LRs) of tea plant are the main organ used for tea plant to absorb soil moisture and nutrients. Lateral roots formation and development are tightly regulated by the nitrogen and auxin signaling pathway. In order to understand the function of auxin and nitrogen signaling in LRs formation and development, transcriptome analysis was applied to investigate the differentially expressed genes involved in lateral roots of tea plants treated with indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA), low and high nitrogen concentration. Results A total of 296 common differentially expressed genes were mainly identified and annotated to four signaling pathways, such as nitrogen metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction, Glutathione metabolism and transcription factors. RNA-sequencing results revealed that majority of differentially expressed genes play important roles in nitrogen metabolism and hormonal signal transduction. Low nitrogen condition induced the biosynthesis of auxin and accumulation of transcripts, thereby regulating lateral roots formation. Furthermore, metabolism of cytokinin and ethylene biosynthesis were also involved in lateral roots development. Transcription factors like MYB genes also contributed to the lateral roots formation of tea plants through secondary cell wall biosynthesis. Reversed phase ultra performance liquid chromatography (RP-UPLC) results showed that the auxin concentration in lateral roots was increased, while the nitrogen level decreased. Thus, tea plant lateral roots formation could be induced by low nitrogen concentration via auxin biosynthesis and accumulation. Conclusion This study provides new insights into the mechanisms associated with nitrogen and auxin signaling pathways to regulate LRs formation and arises new clues for the efficient utilization of nitrogen in tea plant at the genetic level.

ACS Style

Shunkai Hu; Mi Zhang; Yiqing Yang; Wei Xuan; Zhongwei Zou; Emmanuel Arkorful; Yi Chen; Qingping Ma; Anburaj Jeyaraj; Xuan Chen; Xinghui Li. A novel insight into nitrogen and auxin signaling in lateral root formation in tea plant [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze]. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Shunkai Hu, Mi Zhang, Yiqing Yang, Wei Xuan, Zhongwei Zou, Emmanuel Arkorful, Yi Chen, Qingping Ma, Anburaj Jeyaraj, Xuan Chen, Xinghui Li. A novel insight into nitrogen and auxin signaling in lateral root formation in tea plant [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze]. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shunkai Hu; Mi Zhang; Yiqing Yang; Wei Xuan; Zhongwei Zou; Emmanuel Arkorful; Yi Chen; Qingping Ma; Anburaj Jeyaraj; Xuan Chen; Xinghui Li. 2020. "A novel insight into nitrogen and auxin signaling in lateral root formation in tea plant [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze]." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 22 January 2020 in Scientific Reports
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Oolong tea is famous for its characteristic of durably brewing. To explore suitable brewing cuppages and the scientific methods to brew Oolong tea in multiple steeping process. Dahongpao tea (Zhengyan, Banyan and Zhouyan tea) is well known Oolong tea variety, brewed at 14 times and assessed its chemical composition, infusion colour and sensory quality in different brewing intervals. The results showed that Zhengyan tea (A3) had the best quality of steeping among the chosen tea. It could be brewed up to 10 cuppages with 80% sensory score. The chemical composition and tea infusion colour strength were higher in Zhengyan tea. Though, 70% caffeine leached within first three steeping. The Forest regression model revealed that the suitable brewing time ranges between 4 and 10 in the chosen Dahongpao tea variety. This study provides a scientific method and suitable steeping times for the drinking of different Dahongpao tea through dynamic analysis of quantity of chemical composition, infusion colour strength and sensory quality.

ACS Style

Sifeng Zhang; Yiqing Yang; Xiaofang Cheng; Kuberan Thangaraj; Emmanuel Arkorful; Xuan Chen; Xinghui Li. Prediction of suitable brewing cuppages of Dahongpao tea based on chemical composition, liquor colour and sensory quality in different brewing. Scientific Reports 2020, 10, 945 -11.

AMA Style

Sifeng Zhang, Yiqing Yang, Xiaofang Cheng, Kuberan Thangaraj, Emmanuel Arkorful, Xuan Chen, Xinghui Li. Prediction of suitable brewing cuppages of Dahongpao tea based on chemical composition, liquor colour and sensory quality in different brewing. Scientific Reports. 2020; 10 (1):945-11.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sifeng Zhang; Yiqing Yang; Xiaofang Cheng; Kuberan Thangaraj; Emmanuel Arkorful; Xuan Chen; Xinghui Li. 2020. "Prediction of suitable brewing cuppages of Dahongpao tea based on chemical composition, liquor colour and sensory quality in different brewing." Scientific Reports 10, no. 1: 945-11.

Journal article
Published: 02 January 2020 in Scientia Horticulturae
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Pruning is a routine management practice in tea cultivation. Although pruning is speculated to contribute to shoot growth and development in tea plants, it is imperative to understand the molecular mechanism involved. In order to investigate this, tea plants were pruned at different levels. Analysis of shoot growth indices revealed significant increase in shoots number and weight in shoots of pruned tea plant. Auxin assay showed higher concentrations of indole-3-acetic acid in pruned samples. Metabolomic analysis identified 80 differential metabolites in shoots of pruned plants, of which indole-3-acetonitrile and menaquinone were the common metabolites in all levels of pruning. The metabolites are involved in auxin biosynthesis, as shown by protein-protein interaction analysis. The metabolites enriched major metabolic pathways such as tryptophan metabolism, vitamin digestion and absorption, biosynthesis of ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone, and biosynthesis of amino acids. Genes involved in auxin signalling and menaquinone synthesis were up-regulated in pruned plants. This study reports, for the first time in nature, the synthesis of menaquinone in plants. This study concludes that pruning enhances shoot growth and development through the modulation of indole-3-acetic acid via synthesis of indole-3-acetonitrile and menaquinone in shoots, a combined effect of tryptophan metabolism and other metabolic pathways. This study contributes to knowledge in molecular mechanism of shoot growth and development.

ACS Style

Emmanuel Arkorful; Ying Yu; Changsong Chen; Li Lu; Shunkai Hu; Hanpu Yu; Qingping Ma; Kuberan Thangaraj; Rajiv Periakaruppan; Anburaj Jeyaraj; Xuan Chen; Xinghui Li. Untargeted metabolomic analysis using UPLC-MS/MS identifies metabolites involved in shoot growth and development in pruned tea plants (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntz). Scientia Horticulturae 2020, 264, 109164 .

AMA Style

Emmanuel Arkorful, Ying Yu, Changsong Chen, Li Lu, Shunkai Hu, Hanpu Yu, Qingping Ma, Kuberan Thangaraj, Rajiv Periakaruppan, Anburaj Jeyaraj, Xuan Chen, Xinghui Li. Untargeted metabolomic analysis using UPLC-MS/MS identifies metabolites involved in shoot growth and development in pruned tea plants (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntz). Scientia Horticulturae. 2020; 264 ():109164.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Emmanuel Arkorful; Ying Yu; Changsong Chen; Li Lu; Shunkai Hu; Hanpu Yu; Qingping Ma; Kuberan Thangaraj; Rajiv Periakaruppan; Anburaj Jeyaraj; Xuan Chen; Xinghui Li. 2020. "Untargeted metabolomic analysis using UPLC-MS/MS identifies metabolites involved in shoot growth and development in pruned tea plants (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntz)." Scientia Horticulturae 264, no. : 109164.

Journal article
Published: 03 June 2019 in Scientific Reports
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Calmodulin-like (CML) proteins are a class of important Ca2+ sensors in plants, which play vital roles in regulating plant growth and development and response to abiotic stress. Tea plant (Camellia sinensis L.) is the most popular non-alcoholic economic beverage crop around the world. However, the potential functions of CMLs in either tea plants growth or in the response to environmental stresses are still unclear. In the present study, five CsCML genes (CsCML16, CsCML18-1, CsCML18-2, CsCML38, and CsCML42) were isolated from tea plant, and functionally characterized. The CsCML genes showed diverse expression patterns in leaves, roots, old stems, immature stems and flowers of tea plants. To investigate the expression changes of the genes under various abiotic stresses and ABA treatment, time-course experiments were also performed, the results indicated that the expression levels of CsCML16, 18-2 and 42 were significantly induced under low temperature and salt condition, while CsCML38 was induced distinctly under drought stress and ABA treatment. Overall, CsCML genes showed diverse function in tea plant under various stimuli. These results will increase our knowledge of the significance of CsCML genes in tea plant in response to abiotic stresses and hormone treatments.

ACS Style

Qingping Ma; Qiongqiong Zhou; Canmei Chen; Qiaoyun Cui; Yuxin Zhao; Kun Wang; Emmanuel Arkorful; Xuan Chen; Kang Sun; Xinghui Li. Isolation and expression analysis of CsCML genes in response to abiotic stresses in the tea plant (Camellia sinensis). Scientific Reports 2019, 9, 8211 .

AMA Style

Qingping Ma, Qiongqiong Zhou, Canmei Chen, Qiaoyun Cui, Yuxin Zhao, Kun Wang, Emmanuel Arkorful, Xuan Chen, Kang Sun, Xinghui Li. Isolation and expression analysis of CsCML genes in response to abiotic stresses in the tea plant (Camellia sinensis). Scientific Reports. 2019; 9 (1):8211.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qingping Ma; Qiongqiong Zhou; Canmei Chen; Qiaoyun Cui; Yuxin Zhao; Kun Wang; Emmanuel Arkorful; Xuan Chen; Kang Sun; Xinghui Li. 2019. "Isolation and expression analysis of CsCML genes in response to abiotic stresses in the tea plant (Camellia sinensis)." Scientific Reports 9, no. 1: 8211.

Journal article
Published: 12 May 2019 in Molecules
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Melatonin is a biological hormone that plays crucial roles in stress tolerance. In this study, we investigated the effect of exogenous melatonin on abiotic stress in the tea plant. Under cold, salt and drought stress, increasing malondialdehyde levels and decreasing maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII were observed in tea leaves. Meanwhile, the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) increased significantly under abiotic stress. Interestingly, pretreatment with melatonin on leaves alleviated ROS burst, decreased malondialdehyde levels and maintain high photosynthetic efficiency. Moreover, 100 μM melatonin-pretreated tea plants showed high levels of glutathione and ascorbic acid and increased the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase under abiotic stress. Notably, melatonin treatments can positively up-regulate the genes (CsSOD, CsPOD, CsCAT and CsAPX) expression of antioxidant enzyme biosynthesis. Taken together, our results confirmed that melatonin protects tea plants against abiotic stress-induced damages through detoxifying ROS and regulating antioxidant systems.

ACS Style

Jiahao Li; Yiqing Yang; Kang Sun; Yi Chen; Xuan Chen; Xinghui Li. Exogenous Melatonin Enhances Cold, Salt and Drought Stress Tolerance by Improving Antioxidant Defense in Tea Plant (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze). Molecules 2019, 24, 1826 .

AMA Style

Jiahao Li, Yiqing Yang, Kang Sun, Yi Chen, Xuan Chen, Xinghui Li. Exogenous Melatonin Enhances Cold, Salt and Drought Stress Tolerance by Improving Antioxidant Defense in Tea Plant (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze). Molecules. 2019; 24 (9):1826.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jiahao Li; Yiqing Yang; Kang Sun; Yi Chen; Xuan Chen; Xinghui Li. 2019. "Exogenous Melatonin Enhances Cold, Salt and Drought Stress Tolerance by Improving Antioxidant Defense in Tea Plant (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze)." Molecules 24, no. 9: 1826.

Journal article
Published: 16 January 2019 in Pakistan Journal of Botany
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ACS Style

Qiongqiong Zhou; Huan Li; Tran Xuan Hoang; Xu Ruan; Yue Zhang; Emmanuel Arkorful; Xuan Chen; Kang Sun; Xinghui Li. Genetic diversity and relationship of Dongting biluochun tea germplasm in Suzhou revealed by SSR markers. Pakistan Journal of Botany 2019, 51, 1 .

AMA Style

Qiongqiong Zhou, Huan Li, Tran Xuan Hoang, Xu Ruan, Yue Zhang, Emmanuel Arkorful, Xuan Chen, Kang Sun, Xinghui Li. Genetic diversity and relationship of Dongting biluochun tea germplasm in Suzhou revealed by SSR markers. Pakistan Journal of Botany. 2019; 51 (3):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qiongqiong Zhou; Huan Li; Tran Xuan Hoang; Xu Ruan; Yue Zhang; Emmanuel Arkorful; Xuan Chen; Kang Sun; Xinghui Li. 2019. "Genetic diversity and relationship of Dongting biluochun tea germplasm in Suzhou revealed by SSR markers." Pakistan Journal of Botany 51, no. 3: 1.

Comparative study
Published: 03 November 2018 in Planta
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The molecular mechanisms regulating calcium-mediated thermotolerance in Camellia sinensis were revealed by RNA-Sequencing. Heat stress is one of the most remarkable abiotic factors limiting the growth and productivity of Camellia sinensis plants. Calcium helps regulate plant responses to various adverse environmental conditions, including heat stress. In this study, the effects of exogenous calcium on the physiological characteristics of heat-stressed C. sinensis were investigated. A calcium pretreatment increased the proline, soluble sugar, Ca, and chlorophyll contents, but decreased the malondialdehyde content and relative electrical conductivity in C. sinensis leaves under heat stress. Further analysis of the ultra-structure of chloroplasts indicated that heat stress induced accumulation of starch granules and destruction of the stroma lamella in C. sinensis. However, calcium pretreatment counteracted the adverse effects of heat stress on the structure of the photosynthetic apparatus. These results imply that the calcium pretreatment increased C. sinensis thermotolerance. Moreover, RNA-sequencing was applied to characterize the calcium-mediated transcript-level responses to heat stress. A total of 923 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) including 299 up-regulated and 624 down-regulated genes were identified. Functional annotations indicated that these DEGs were primarily related to signal transduction, transcriptional regulation, and post-translational modification. In addition, a C. sinensis gene [CsCML45 (GenBank: KY652927)] encoding a calmodulin-like protein was isolated. The heterologous expression of CsCML45 enhanced the thermotolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants. These results may be useful for characterizing the calcium-mediated molecular mechanism responsible for C. sinensis thermotolerance.

ACS Style

Mingle Wang; Xuyang Zhang; Qinghui Li; Xuan Chen. Comparative transcriptome analysis to elucidate the enhanced thermotolerance of tea plants (Camellia sinensis) treated with exogenous calcium. Planta 2018, 249, 775 -786.

AMA Style

Mingle Wang, Xuyang Zhang, Qinghui Li, Xuan Chen. Comparative transcriptome analysis to elucidate the enhanced thermotolerance of tea plants (Camellia sinensis) treated with exogenous calcium. Planta. 2018; 249 (3):775-786.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mingle Wang; Xuyang Zhang; Qinghui Li; Xuan Chen. 2018. "Comparative transcriptome analysis to elucidate the enhanced thermotolerance of tea plants (Camellia sinensis) treated with exogenous calcium." Planta 249, no. 3: 775-786.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2018 in Horticulture Research
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Albinism in shoots of tea plants is a common phenotypic expression which gives the tea infusion a pleasant umami taste. A novel natural albino mutant tea germplasm containing high amino acids content was found and named as 'Huabai 1'. 'Huabai 1' has white jade tender shoots under low temperature and turns green with increased temperature. In order to understand the molecular mechanism of color change in leaf of 'Huabai 1', transcriptome analysis was performed to identify albino-associated differentially expressed genes (DEGs). A total of 483 DEGs were identified from white shoots of 'Huabai 1' compared to its green shoots. There were 15 DEGs identified to be involved in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, which account for the majority of characterized DEGs. The metabolites related to phenylpropanoid biosynthesis revealed similar expression pattern of DEGs. Furthermore, metabolic pathways such as ubiquonone, tyrosine, and flavonoid biosynthesis associated with phenylpropanoid biosynthesis could also contribute to the color change in 'Huabai 1' tender shoots. Protein-protein interaction analysis revealed a hub protein NEDD8 (CSA009575) which interacted with many regulated genes in spliceosome, nitrogen metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and other pathways. In conclusion, the findings in this study indicate that the color change of 'Huabai 1' tender shoots is a combined effect of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway and other metabolic pathways including flavonoid biosynthesis in tea plants. Chlorophyll biosynthesis-related genes LHCII and SGR may also play some roles in color change of 'Huabai 1'.

ACS Style

Qingping Ma; Huan Li; Zhongwei Zou; Emmanuel Arkorful; Qianru Lv; Qiongqiong Zhou; Xuan Chen; Kang Sun; Xinghui Li. Transcriptomic analyses identify albino-associated genes of a novel albino tea germplasm ‘Huabai 1’. Horticulture Research 2018, 5, 54 .

AMA Style

Qingping Ma, Huan Li, Zhongwei Zou, Emmanuel Arkorful, Qianru Lv, Qiongqiong Zhou, Xuan Chen, Kang Sun, Xinghui Li. Transcriptomic analyses identify albino-associated genes of a novel albino tea germplasm ‘Huabai 1’. Horticulture Research. 2018; 5 (1):54.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qingping Ma; Huan Li; Zhongwei Zou; Emmanuel Arkorful; Qianru Lv; Qiongqiong Zhou; Xuan Chen; Kang Sun; Xinghui Li. 2018. "Transcriptomic analyses identify albino-associated genes of a novel albino tea germplasm ‘Huabai 1’." Horticulture Research 5, no. 1: 54.

Journal article
Published: 16 August 2018 in International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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Polyphenol oxidases (PPOs) have been reported to play an important role in protecting plants from attacks by herbivores. Though PPO genes in other plants have been extensively studied, research on PPO genes in the tea plant (Camellia sinensis) is lacking. In particular, which members of the PPO gene family elicit the defense response of the tea plant are as yet unknown. Here, two new PPO genes, CsPPO1 and CsPPO2, both of which had high identity with PPOs from other plants, were obtained from tea leaves. The full length of CsPPO1 contained an open reading frame (ORF) of 1740 bp that encoded a protein of 579 amino acids, while CsPPO2 contained an ORF of 1788 bp that encoded a protein of 595 amino acids. The deduced CsPPO1 and CsPPO2 proteins had calculated molecular masses of 64.6 and 65.9 kDa; the isoelectric points were 6.94 and 6.48, respectively. The expression products of recombinant CsPPO1 and CsPPO2 in Escherichia coli were about 91 and 92 kDa, respectively, but the recombinant proteins existed in the form of an inclusion body. Whereas CsPPO1 is highly expressed in stems, CsPPO2 is highly expressed in roots. Further results showed that the expression of CsPPO1 and CsPPO2 was wound- and Ectropis obliqua-induced, and that regurgitant, unlike treatment with wounding plus deionized water, significantly upregulated the transcriptional expression of CsPPO2 but not of CsPPO1. The difference between regurgitant and wounding indicates that CsPPO2 may play a more meaningful defensive role against E. obliqua than CsPPO1. Meanwhile, we found the active component(s) of the regurgitant elicited the expression of CsPPO may contain small molecules (under 3-kDa molecular weight). These conclusions advance the understanding of the biological function of two new PPO genes and show that one of these, CsPPO2, may be a promising gene for engineering tea plants that are resistant to E. obliqua.

ACS Style

Chen Huang; Jin Zhang; Xin Zhang; Yongchen Yu; Wenbo Bian; Zhongping Zeng; Xiaoling Sun; Xinghui Li. Two New Polyphenol Oxidase Genes of Tea Plant (Camellia sinensis) Respond Differentially to the Regurgitant of Tea Geometrid, Ectropis obliqua. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2018, 19, 2414 .

AMA Style

Chen Huang, Jin Zhang, Xin Zhang, Yongchen Yu, Wenbo Bian, Zhongping Zeng, Xiaoling Sun, Xinghui Li. Two New Polyphenol Oxidase Genes of Tea Plant (Camellia sinensis) Respond Differentially to the Regurgitant of Tea Geometrid, Ectropis obliqua. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2018; 19 (8):2414.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chen Huang; Jin Zhang; Xin Zhang; Yongchen Yu; Wenbo Bian; Zhongping Zeng; Xiaoling Sun; Xinghui Li. 2018. "Two New Polyphenol Oxidase Genes of Tea Plant (Camellia sinensis) Respond Differentially to the Regurgitant of Tea Geometrid, Ectropis obliqua." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 8: 2414.

Journal article
Published: 28 May 2018 in Molecules
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In order to investigate the effect of benzothiadiazole (BTH) and β-aminobutyric acid (BABA) on the resistance of tea plants (Camellia sinensis) to tea geometrid (Ectropis obliqua), three levels each of benzothiadiazole (BTH) and β-aminobutyric acid (BABA) were sprayed on 10-year-old tea plants. Generally PPO and PAL activities increased with low concentrations of BTH and BABA treatments. Quantitative RT-PCR revealed a 1.43 and 2.72-fold increase in PPO gene expression, and 3.26 and 3.99-fold increase in PAL gene expression with 75 mg/L BTH and 400 mg/L BABA respectively. Analysis of hydrolysis of synthetic substrates also revealed that chymotrypsin-like enzyme activity present in larval midgut extracts was not significantly inhibited by BTH and BABA. However, proteinase activity was found to be inversely proportional to the age of tea geometrid. Larvae pupation rate decreased by 8.10, 10.81 and 21.62% when tea geometrid were fed with leaves treated with 25, 50 and 75 mg/L BTH solutions, while 100, 200 and 400 mg/L BABA solutions decreased same by 8.10, 16.21 and 13.51% respectively. Also, larvae development period delayed to 23.33 and 26.33 days with 75 mg/L BTH and 400 mg/L BABA treatments respectively. The results in this study; therefore, suggest that benzothiadiazole (BTH) and β-aminobutyric acid (BABA) play a role in inducing resistance in tea plants to tea geometrid, with the optimal effect achieved at BTH-3 (75 mg/L) and BABA-3 (400 mg/L), respectively.

ACS Style

Huan Li; Ying Yu; Zhenzhen Li; Emmanuel Arkorful; Yiyang Yang; Xinqiu Liu; Xinghui Li; Ronglin Li. Benzothiadiazole and B-Aminobutyricacid Induce Resistance to Ectropis Obliqua in Tea Plants (Camellia Sinensis (L.) O. Kuntz). Molecules 2018, 23, 1290 .

AMA Style

Huan Li, Ying Yu, Zhenzhen Li, Emmanuel Arkorful, Yiyang Yang, Xinqiu Liu, Xinghui Li, Ronglin Li. Benzothiadiazole and B-Aminobutyricacid Induce Resistance to Ectropis Obliqua in Tea Plants (Camellia Sinensis (L.) O. Kuntz). Molecules. 2018; 23 (6):1290.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Huan Li; Ying Yu; Zhenzhen Li; Emmanuel Arkorful; Yiyang Yang; Xinqiu Liu; Xinghui Li; Ronglin Li. 2018. "Benzothiadiazole and B-Aminobutyricacid Induce Resistance to Ectropis Obliqua in Tea Plants (Camellia Sinensis (L.) O. Kuntz)." Molecules 23, no. 6: 1290.