In recent times, the utilisation of marine composites in tubular structures has grown in popularity. These applications include composite risers and related SURF (subsea umbilicals, risers and flowlines) units. The composite industry has evolved in the development of advanced composites, such as thermoplastic composite pipes (TCP) and hybrid composite structures. However, there are gaps in the understanding of its performance in composite risers, hence the need for this review on the design, hydrodynamics and mechanics of composite risers. The review covers both the structure of the composite production riser (CPR) and its end-fittings for offshore marine applications. It also reviews the mechanical behaviour of composite risers, their microstructure and strength/stress profiles. In principle, designers now have a greater grasp of composite materials. It was concluded that composites differ from standard materials such as steel. Basically, composites have weight savings and a comparative stiffness-to-strength ratio, which are advantageous in marine composites. Also, the offshore sector has grown in response to newer innovations in composite structures such as composite risers, thereby providing new cost-effective techniques. This comprehensive review shows the necessity of optimising existing designs of composite risers. Conclusions drawn portray issues facing composite riser research. Recommendations were made to encourage composite riser developments, including elaboration of necessary standards and specifications.

Marine bonded hoses are conduit-tubular structures used for loading, discharging, transferring and transporting fluid products like oil, gas, and water. These marine conduits are applied in the offshore industry by utilising novel marine materials and sustainable technologies. Based on sustainability, there are advances made as solutions for challenging environments. These challenges include scouring gases, deep water regions, changing sea water temperatures, platform loads and vessel motions. These environments also require sustainable materials like marine composites. This paper reviews historical timeline and patent development of hoses in the marine environment. It highlights key developments on marine hoses and their configurations. These configurations include FPSO-FSO with hose attachments in catenary configurations and CALM buoy-PLEM in Lazy-S configurations. The review also discusses the evolutions in the hose designs, potentials of the hoses, and recent state-of-the-art developments in the industry. Comprehensive discussions with necessary recommendations are made for fluid applications in the offshore industry.

Currently, the properties of composites have been harnessed on pipelines in the marine offshore industry. In this study, marine bonded composite hose (MBCH) is presented. It is aimed at understanding the stress/strain distribution on marine bonded hoses using local design pressure under burst and collapse cases. This study also investigates composite material modelling, hose modelling, liner wrinkling, helical spring deformation, and two MBCH models—with and without ovalisation. The ovalized model is considered the simplified model in this research. A mesh study was carried out on meshing the hose layers. In this study, local design pressure was considered and not operational pressure. This finite element model was adopted to predict the deformation and mechanical response behaviour of MBCH. From this study, composites could be considered to improve conventional marine hoses. The study findings include identification of buckled sections on the hose and stressed zones on the helix reinforcement. Highly reinforced hose ends are recommended in ends of the MBCH as they had maximum stress and strain values.

Tubular pipe structures have been used in various applications—domestic, aviation, marine, manufacturing and material testing. The applications of tubular pipes have been considered greatly in the installation of tubular pipes, marine risers and pipe bending. For the investigation of plastic strains and the mechanical behaviour of a tube under bending, considerations were made utilising an exponent model with assumptions on the plane strain. The bending moment, wall thickness effect, cross-sectional distribution, stresses during bending and neutral layer boundaries were all presented as necessary theoretical formulations on the physics of tubular pipe bending. This model was based on the analytical and numerical investigation. In principle, the application can be observed as the spooling of pipes, bending of pipes and reeling. Comparisons were made on two models developed on the finite element analysis in Simscale OpenFEA, namely the linear-elastic and the elasto-plastic models. This study presents visualization profiles using plastic strain to assess its effect on the tubular pipes. This can increase due to the limitation of plastic deformation on the composite materials selected.

With the exploration of oil trending deeper, from shallow waters to deep waters, there is a corresponding increase in the need for more sustainable conduit materials for production purposes. Secondly, there is an increasing demand for more energy from fossil fuels that are excavated with less expensive technologies. As such, short-service hoses are applied in the offshore industry. The industry has utilised composites to improve the material and solve different offshore issues. This study analyses a current problem facing the oil and gas industry at present regarding hose usage. This paper presents results from the local design and analyses of a marine bonded composite hose (MBCH), to present its result visualisations and nephographs. In this paper, the local design of a 1 m section of an MBCH was carried out in ANSYS under different loading conditions. Some design criteria were set, and other load conditions were used to simulate the model using the finite element model (FEM) approach. From this study, composites could be considered to improve conventional marine hoses. The findings of the study include the identification of linear wrinkling and damage sites on the helix reinforcement. An experimental investigation and proper content test are recommended for the bonded hose. Additionally, highly reinforced hose ends are recommended in the ends of the MBCH, as they had maximum stress and strain values. It is recommended that hose operations like reeling must be conducted under operational pressure and not design pressure, as the study shows that the design pressure could be high on the hose model.