This narrative review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of computer-aided design (CAD), computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) milled, and direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) titanium frameworks in hybrid denture prostheses. A structured PICO analysis and a review of ten publications were used to compare titanium frameworks for hybrid dentures made through milling, DMLS, and CAD-CAM milling. Prosthesis success, bone loss, patient satisfaction, framework fit, and biofilm adhesion were among the outcome indicators. The inclusion criteria included comparisons between DMLS and milled titanium frameworks, investigations of hybrid dentures with metal frameworks, and various study designs. The exclusion criteria included reviews, case reports, non-comparative research, and studies unrelated to hybrid dentures. A comprehensive search was performed up to December 2023 across PubMed, PubMed Central, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Google Scholar, using terms such as CAD-CAM, dental implantation, dental prosthesis, bone loss, damaged maxilla/mandible, implant framework, and bone volume. Ten studies were available for the final analysis. These studies shed light on milled titanium framework’s relative effectiveness and characteristics versus DMLS for implant-supported hybrid dentures. This narrative analysis clarifies the critical roles of the CAD-CAM and DMLS frameworks in implant-supported hybrid dentures. Despite the significant benefits of both of these technologies, it is evident that more investigation is required to identify the optimal framework option for specific clinical scenarios, highlighting the importance of continuing research in this field.

Background: Supernumerary teeth numerical anomalies and the early diagnosis of supernumerary teeth is very important to avoid potential complications. The study aim was to determine the prevalence, occurrence, and characteristics of supernumerary teeth among the Arabian population. Methods: A retrospective radiographic study was performed using panoramic radiographs of patients attending a teaching hospital from January 2018 to December 2020. Only healthy patients with clear radiographs were included in the study, and patients with syndromes, cleft lip, and palate, and unclear radiographs were excluded from the study. The details include the patient’s age and gender, supernumerary tooth number, location, orientation, and position. Only a single examiner was involved in the data collection and analysis. Results: Overall, 38 (2%) patients were observed with 47 supernumerary teeth. Among them, 76% were males and 24% were females, with a mean age of 16.1 ± 9.7 years. Mesiodens (87%) are the common type of supernumerary tooth, and the majority of the supernumerary teeth were impacted (66%). The majority of the patients presented with a single supernumerary tooth, while 24% of the patients presented with two supernumerary teeth. Sixty percent of the supernumerary teeth were conical in morphology, followed by a tuberculate morphology. In the study population, most of the supernumerary teeth were normal in orientation. Conclusions: The prevalence of supernumerary teeth was 2%. Among them, the majority were observed at the anterior region of the maxillary arch with a conical shape of normal orientation. The gender-based comparison of location, orientation, morphology, eruption, and number of supernumerary teeth showed male predilection.

In recent years, laminate veneer restorations should be considered as a minimally invasive treatment option for several aesthetic reasons. This study compared direct composite veneers’ and indirect ceramic laminate veneers’ longevity in multiple diastema closures. A total of 28 patients with a mean age of 26 years received 60 direct resin composite (Estelite Asteria; n = 14) and 60 indirect ceramic veneers (IPS e.max Press; n = 14) on the maxillary anterior teeth with diastema closure. Veneers were evaluated at baseline and thereafter every 6 months for up to 2 years using USPHS criteria. Data were analyzed with Fisher’s exact and chi-squared tests, while Kaplan–Meier curve was used to assess time to event. In total, three failures were observed in the form of debonding (n = 1) and fracture (n = 2) in the indirect ceramic veneers. No significant difference was observed between the survival rates of composite and ceramic veneers (Estelite Asteria: 93.4%, IPS e.max Press: 95%; p > 0.05). The overall survival rate was 94.2% (Kaplan–Meier). Staining (n = 11) and roughness (n = 14) were frequently observed for the resin composite veneers up to the final recall. Thereby, the preliminary results from this clinical trial comparing two veneer materials indicated that their survival rates were statistically similar. However, surface quality changes were more frequent in the composite veneer material.

The current review narrates the findings and discusses the available diagnostic tools for detecting structural abnormalities. The review discusses several diagnostic tools, such as magnetic resonance imaging, cone beam computed tomography, multi detector row CT and positron emission tomography. The vital findings and comparative analysis of different diagnostic tools are presented in this review. The present review also discusses the advent of newer technologies, such as the HyperionX9 scanner with less field of view and 18F-FDG PET/CT (positron emission tomography with 2-deoxy-2-[fluorine-18] fluoro-D-glucose, integrated with computed tomography), which can give more efficient imaging of dentomaxillofacial structures. The discussion of effective comparative points enables this review to reveal the available diagnostic tools that can be used in the detection of dentomaxillofacial abnormalities in the pediatric population. The advantages and disadvantages of each tool are discussed, and the findings of past publications are also presented. Overall, this review discusses the technical details and provides a comparative analysis of updated diagnostic techniques for dentomaxillofacial diagnosis.

Background: This study aimed to develop a tooth wear classification system that combined the extent, severity, and aesthetic impact of tooth wear and correlated them with the most appropriate clinical management strategy. Methods: Three hundred photographs were used to develop a classification tool that contained four levels of severity and aesthetic impact (0, 1, 2, and 3) in three age groups of patients. Ten examiners assessed and classified the cases using validated forms. Additionally, they selected the recommended treatment modality for each level. The analysis was conducted using a coefficient correlation test. Results: The coefficient correlation for the severity was 0.81, 0.82 in the upper anterior and posterior segments, and 0.85 and 0.77 for the lower anterior and posterior segments, respectively. The aesthetic impact correlation coefficient was 0.84. Examiners had agreed that minor cases required monitoring or simple restorative interventions. The moderate-level cases had variety in the recommended management options depending on the aim of treatment. The severe level cases often required rehabilitation at an increased occlusal vertical dimension. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this preliminary study, a good agreement between the examiners was found using the provided tools. More strict criteria in the classification part of the tool can further improve the examiners’ agreement.

The present study aimed to evaluate the sex dimorphism in morphometrics of permanent canines using mesiodistal and cervicoincisal widths in the Saudi Arabian population. The study was performed using dental casts of patients attending the prosthodontics department, College of Dentistry, Majmaah University, Saudi Arabia. The inclusion criteria involved the presence of all four permanent canines (maxillary left and right (13 and 23) and mandibular left and right (33 and 43)) without any form of developmental anomalies or dental caries with a complete eruption. Mesiodistal width and cervicoincisal width were measured using a digital caliper, ensuring precision and consistency. Statistical tests included t-tests and correlation analyses using IBM Statistics (version 21) with p ≤ 0.05 significance level. A total of 94 sets of dental casts of patients with a mean age of 24.6 ± 4.06 were available in the study for evaluation. Tooth 13 was found to have a higher mesiodistal width (8.12 ± 0.57 mm), while tooth 43 was observed to have a higher cervicoincisal width (9.3 ± 0.9 mm). The study observed gender-based differences in mean scores, with females generally having slightly lower mean scores in mesiodistal and where males (p < 0.05) observed with slightly low cervicoincisal widths compared to females. Positive correlations were found between age and mesiodistal and cervicoincisal scores across various dimensions (p < 0.005). There was evidence of difference in mesiodistal and cervicoincisal widths among antimeres. The percentage of sex dimorphism varied across dimensions, with some showing more pronounced gender-related differences. The study establishes the mesiodistal and cervicoincisal widths of all permanent canines can be used to identify sex dimorphism in the Saudi Arabian population.