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The aim of this research work was the evaluation of the feasibility to utilize industrial by-products, such as electric arc furnace steel slags, for sustainable concrete production. The paper evaluated the environmental and mechanical properties of steel slags and concrete, respectively. Specifically, the release of contaminants from steel slags was investigated by leaching test and the properties of fresh and hardened concrete were evaluated for a concrete mixture designed with a partial substitution (30%) of natural coarse aggregates with electric arc furnace steel slags. The results show that the concentrations of pollutants were lower than the legal limits imposed by the Ministerial Decree 186/2006 and the addition of steel slag can enhance the mechanical performance of concrete. The compressive strength of cubic specimens was also measured after different cycles of alternate wetting–drying. The steel slag incorporation results in a stiffness comparable to that of a traditional concrete. Overall, the mechanical and leaching characterization has shown that the reuse of electric arc furnace steel slags for sustainable concrete production is feasible and reliable.
Alessandra Diotti; Luca Cominoli; Adela Perèz Galvin; Sabrina Sorlini; Giovanni Plizzari. Sustainable Recycling of Electric Arc Furnace Steel Slag as Aggregate in Concrete: Effects on the Environmental and Technical Performance. Sustainability 2021, 13, 521 .
AMA StyleAlessandra Diotti, Luca Cominoli, Adela Perèz Galvin, Sabrina Sorlini, Giovanni Plizzari. Sustainable Recycling of Electric Arc Furnace Steel Slag as Aggregate in Concrete: Effects on the Environmental and Technical Performance. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (2):521.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlessandra Diotti; Luca Cominoli; Adela Perèz Galvin; Sabrina Sorlini; Giovanni Plizzari. 2021. "Sustainable Recycling of Electric Arc Furnace Steel Slag as Aggregate in Concrete: Effects on the Environmental and Technical Performance." Sustainability 13, no. 2: 521.
Construction and demolition wastes are widely recognized as the main waste stream in the EU, and their recycling and recovery is an important issue in sustainable building industry development. The composition of construction and demolition wastes is highly heterogeneous and is influenced by several factors, including the raw materials and construction products used. The environmental performance of these materials are therefore considerably variable and, in some cases, do not comply with the regulatory limits established to ensure the protection of the natural environment. In this context, this paper presents a data analysis on the environmental behavior of construction and demolition wastes and recycled aggregates in terms of both chemical composition and the release of contaminants according to a leaching test. Subsequently, the most critical parameters for recovery were identified and statistically evaluated. The leaching results showed that SO4, Cu, and COD are critical compounds for both CDWs and RAs.
Alessandra Diotti; Adela Perèz Galvin; Andrea Piccinali; Giovanni Plizzari; Sabrina Sorlini. Chemical and Leaching Behavior of Construction and Demolition Wastes and Recycled Aggregates. Sustainability 2020, 12, 10326 .
AMA StyleAlessandra Diotti, Adela Perèz Galvin, Andrea Piccinali, Giovanni Plizzari, Sabrina Sorlini. Chemical and Leaching Behavior of Construction and Demolition Wastes and Recycled Aggregates. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (24):10326.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlessandra Diotti; Adela Perèz Galvin; Andrea Piccinali; Giovanni Plizzari; Sabrina Sorlini. 2020. "Chemical and Leaching Behavior of Construction and Demolition Wastes and Recycled Aggregates." Sustainability 12, no. 24: 10326.
The circular economy is an economic model of production and consumption that involves reusing, repairing, refurbishing, and recycling materials after their service life. The use of waste as secondary raw materials is one of the actions to establish this model. Construction and demolition waste (CDW) constitute one of the most important waste streams in Europe due to its high production rate per capita. Aggregates from these recycling operations are usually used in products with low mechanical requirements in the construction sector. In addition, the incorporation of photocatalytic materials in construction has emerged as a promising technology to develop products with special properties such as air decontamination. This research aims to study the decontaminating behavior of mortars manufactured with the maximum amount of mixed recycled sand without affecting their mechanical properties or durability. For this, two families of mortars were produced, one consisting of traditional Portland cement and the other of photocatalytic cement, each with four replacement rates of natural sand by mixed recycled sand from CDW. Mechanical and durability properties, as well as decontaminating capacity, were evaluated for these mortars. The results show adequate mechanical behavior, despite the incorporation of mixed recycled sand, and improved decontaminating capacity by means of NOx reduction capacity.
Auxi Barbudo; Angélica Lozano-Lunar; Antonio López-Uceda; Adela P. Galvín; Jesús Ayuso. Photocatalytic Recycled Mortars: Circular Economy as a Solution for Decontamination. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 7305 .
AMA StyleAuxi Barbudo, Angélica Lozano-Lunar, Antonio López-Uceda, Adela P. Galvín, Jesús Ayuso. Photocatalytic Recycled Mortars: Circular Economy as a Solution for Decontamination. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (20):7305.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAuxi Barbudo; Angélica Lozano-Lunar; Antonio López-Uceda; Adela P. Galvín; Jesús Ayuso. 2020. "Photocatalytic Recycled Mortars: Circular Economy as a Solution for Decontamination." Applied Sciences 10, no. 20: 7305.
The search for sustainable alternatives for waste disposition other than disposal and evaluation of the feasibility of a second life cycle for waste should be a priority in the research and characterisation of alternative materials. In civil engineering infrastructure applications (e.g. railway, pipe bending, or road construction), large volumes of aggregate are required, which necessitates the consumption of natural resources and significantly impacts soils and the environment in the surrounding area. Occasionally, when the in situ soil does not possess the appropriate mechanical properties or has low load bearing capacity for traffic or other loads, chemical stabilising agents are used to improve the soil characteristics. However, the development and implementation of sustainable alternatives must become a priority in economic, social, scientific, and technical strategies to address current environmental challenges. This study analyses the environmental viability of using eco-friendly agents instead of the chemical additives traditionally used in soil stabilisation. Based on the findings, it is affirmed that the bottom ashes from the combustion of an olive and grape waste biomass in cogeneration plants possess adequate properties as an eco-stabiliser, are not harmful to the environment, and are feasible as an eco-agent for expansive soils in civil engineering works.
Adela P. Galvín; Antonio López-Uceda; Jesús Ayuso; José Ramón Jimenez Romero; Auxi Barbudo. Leaching behaviour of stabilised expansive soil with biomass bottom ashes as eco-agents. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery 2020, 11, 715 -725.
AMA StyleAdela P. Galvín, Antonio López-Uceda, Jesús Ayuso, José Ramón Jimenez Romero, Auxi Barbudo. Leaching behaviour of stabilised expansive soil with biomass bottom ashes as eco-agents. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery. 2020; 11 (2):715-725.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAdela P. Galvín; Antonio López-Uceda; Jesús Ayuso; José Ramón Jimenez Romero; Auxi Barbudo. 2020. "Leaching behaviour of stabilised expansive soil with biomass bottom ashes as eco-agents." Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery 11, no. 2: 715-725.
Green philosophy is gaining popularity worldwide. Recycling materials from building demolitions, reutilizing by-products from industrial facilities and exploring the potential uses of waste during a second life cycle are the objectives of this philosophy. In the present article, bottom ashes from electric power generation plants using biofuel combustion were evaluated to verify their potential use as expansive clay stabilizers. Two objectives are pursued: (1) finding a new use for waste that is typically landfilled despite its great potential arising from its technical properties and (2) improving the mechanical properties and reducing the expansive nature of the expansive clays identified during the construction of a motorway. Based on this framework, the present study demonstrated the potential of biomass bottom ashes to stabilize expansive clays. The optimum dosage to improve the properties of clays was determined based on performance parameters, such as plasticity, free swelling or soil collapse. Afterwards, the contaminating potential of ashes was evaluated, being classified as hazardous waste. However, the stabilized mixtures were classified as inert products, thus guaranteeing the environmental feasibility of their use. Finally, the technical application of the stabilized clays as filling materials for embankments and subgrade for light traffic roads was proved. Graphical abstract
Adela P. Galvín; Antonio López-Uceda; Manuel Cabrera; Julia Rosales; Jesús Ayuso. Stabilization of expansive soils with biomass bottom ashes for an eco-efficient construction. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2020, 28, 24441 -24454.
AMA StyleAdela P. Galvín, Antonio López-Uceda, Manuel Cabrera, Julia Rosales, Jesús Ayuso. Stabilization of expansive soils with biomass bottom ashes for an eco-efficient construction. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2020; 28 (19):24441-24454.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAdela P. Galvín; Antonio López-Uceda; Manuel Cabrera; Julia Rosales; Jesús Ayuso. 2020. "Stabilization of expansive soils with biomass bottom ashes for an eco-efficient construction." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 28, no. 19: 24441-24454.
La actual exigencia técnica del manejo de programas de diseño en el ámbito de la Ingeniería Civil y la Edificación lleva a plantear de forma indispensable la necesidad de formación de los futuros profesionales en la metodología BIM (Building Information Modeling).Mediante el presente Proyecto de Innovación Docente se ha desarrollado un modelo de implantación de esta metodología adaptándolo al programa actual de cada asignatura y a las competencias exigidas. La metodología y conocimientos teóricos y prácticos de las herramientas BIM han sido impartidos a 40 alumnos aproximadamente pertenecientes a tres títulos y niveles universitarios diferentes. Los resultados obtenidos muestran una evaluación satisfactoria por parte de los alumnos, respondiendo mediante la enseñanza de nuevas herramientas de diseño a las crecientes necesidades profesionales y enriqueciendo las habilidades de los estudiantes universitarios.
Adela Pérez Galvín; Auxiliadora Barbudo Muñoz; Jesús Ayuso Muñoz; Manuel García Beltrán; Julia Rosales García; Antonio López Uceda. Introducción al modelado de información de construcción (BIM) en edificaciones e infraestructuras de ingeniería. Revista de Innovación y Buenas Prácticas Docentes 2019, 8, 107 -115.
AMA StyleAdela Pérez Galvín, Auxiliadora Barbudo Muñoz, Jesús Ayuso Muñoz, Manuel García Beltrán, Julia Rosales García, Antonio López Uceda. Introducción al modelado de información de construcción (BIM) en edificaciones e infraestructuras de ingeniería. Revista de Innovación y Buenas Prácticas Docentes. 2019; 8 (4):107-115.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAdela Pérez Galvín; Auxiliadora Barbudo Muñoz; Jesús Ayuso Muñoz; Manuel García Beltrán; Julia Rosales García; Antonio López Uceda. 2019. "Introducción al modelado de información de construcción (BIM) en edificaciones e infraestructuras de ingeniería." Revista de Innovación y Buenas Prácticas Docentes 8, no. 4: 107-115.
This research aims to produce roller compacted concrete (RCC) using recycled aggregates (RAs) from construction and demolition waste (CDW) with low cement content. Previous research has confirmed that RA performs favourably when applied to a road base layer as a granular material or as a cement-treated granular material. In addition, previous studies have made progress in analysing the feasibility of using RCC with different types of RA, such as recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) and recycled pavement aggregate (RPA). Under this framework, the technical feasibility of using RCC with a 100% coarse RA incorporation ratio and low cement content in the base layer of light-traffic roads was determined. For that purpose, two series of RCC mixtures were produced with different cement contents: 150 and 250 kg/m3. Each series consisted of RCC mixtures with one natural aggregate (NG) and three different types of RA, specifically, one RCA and two mixed recycled aggregates (MRA), as coarse fraction. The percentage of ceramic particles in the RA ranged from 2.5% to 23.4%. The mechanical properties (e.g. the compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and elastic modulus) and drying shrinkage were studied in the RCC specimens produced. Mechanical properties were diminished as percentage of ceramic increased. These reductions in mechanical properties were near 30% for the RCC with RA with the greatest ceramic elements, respect to RCC with NG. The results support the feasibility of using RCC with a 100% coarse RA incorporation ratio and low cement content to form light-traffic-road base layers, such as residential streets, sidewalks and bike lanes.
Antonio Lopez-Uceda; Jesús Ayuso; José Ramón Jiménez; Adela P. Galvín; Isaac Del Rey. Feasibility study of roller compacted concrete with recycled aggregates as base layer for light-traffic roads. Road Materials and Pavement Design 2018, 21, 276 -288.
AMA StyleAntonio Lopez-Uceda, Jesús Ayuso, José Ramón Jiménez, Adela P. Galvín, Isaac Del Rey. Feasibility study of roller compacted concrete with recycled aggregates as base layer for light-traffic roads. Road Materials and Pavement Design. 2018; 21 (1):276-288.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAntonio Lopez-Uceda; Jesús Ayuso; José Ramón Jiménez; Adela P. Galvín; Isaac Del Rey. 2018. "Feasibility study of roller compacted concrete with recycled aggregates as base layer for light-traffic roads." Road Materials and Pavement Design 21, no. 1: 276-288.
Extensive green roofs are urban construction systems that provide thermal regulation and sound proofing for the buildings involved, in addition to providing an urban heat island mitigation or water retention. On the other hand, policies towards reduction of energy consumption, a circular economy and sustainability are core in the European Union. Motivated by this, an experimental study was carried out to evaluate the environmental risk assessment according to release levels of polluting elements on leachates of different green roof substrate mixtures based on recycled aggregates from construction and demolition waste through (i) the performance in laboratory of two procedures: compliance and percolation tests and (ii) an upscaled experimental leaching test for long-term on-site prediction. Four plots were built on a building roof and covered with autochthonous Mediterranean plants in Córdoba, South of Spain. As growing substrate, four mixtures were used of a commercial growing substrate with different proportions of a fine mixed recycled aggregate ranging from 0 to 75% by volume. The results show that these mixtures were classified as non-hazardous materials according to legal limits of the Landfill Directive 2003/33/CE. The release levels registered in extensive green roofs were lower compared to the laboratory test data. This shows how laboratory conditions can overestimate the potential pollutant effect of these materials compared to actual conditions.
Antonio López-Uceda; Adela P. Galvín; Jesus Ayuso; José Ramón Jiménez; Tom Vanwalleghem; Adolfo Peña. Risk assessment by percolation leaching tests of extensive green roofs with fine fraction of mixed recycled aggregates from construction and demolition waste. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2018, 25, 36024 -36034.
AMA StyleAntonio López-Uceda, Adela P. Galvín, Jesus Ayuso, José Ramón Jiménez, Tom Vanwalleghem, Adolfo Peña. Risk assessment by percolation leaching tests of extensive green roofs with fine fraction of mixed recycled aggregates from construction and demolition waste. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2018; 25 (36):36024-36034.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAntonio López-Uceda; Adela P. Galvín; Jesus Ayuso; José Ramón Jiménez; Tom Vanwalleghem; Adolfo Peña. 2018. "Risk assessment by percolation leaching tests of extensive green roofs with fine fraction of mixed recycled aggregates from construction and demolition waste." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 25, no. 36: 36024-36034.
Construction and Demolition Waste come from debris generated during construction, renovation and demolition of buildings, roads, and bridges. Recycling and reuse are essential in terms of sustainability, mainly from an environmental point of view. Although the recommendation of the use of these recycled aggregates is currently included in some technical specifications, its use is still not widespread due mainly to the lack of knowledge on their technical application. This work is a compilation of the recommendations proposed in the “Catalogue of road pavements with recycled aggregates”, supported by the construction of experimental stretches. It proposes different structural sections for road pavements by using recycled aggregates.
Auxi Barbudo; José Ramón Jiménez; Jesús Ayuso; Adela Pérez Galvín; Francisco Agrela. Catalogue of Pavements with Recycled Aggregates from Construction and Demolition Waste. Proceedings 2018, 2, 1282 .
AMA StyleAuxi Barbudo, José Ramón Jiménez, Jesús Ayuso, Adela Pérez Galvín, Francisco Agrela. Catalogue of Pavements with Recycled Aggregates from Construction and Demolition Waste. Proceedings. 2018; 2 (20):1282.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAuxi Barbudo; José Ramón Jiménez; Jesús Ayuso; Adela Pérez Galvín; Francisco Agrela. 2018. "Catalogue of Pavements with Recycled Aggregates from Construction and Demolition Waste." Proceedings 2, no. 20: 1282.
In general terms, plant managers of sites producing construction wastes assess materials according to concise, legally recommended leaching tests that do not consider the compaction stage of the materials when they are applied on-site. Thus, the tests do not account for the real on-site physical conditions of the recycled aggregates used in civil works (e.g., roads or embankments). This leads to errors in estimating the pollutant potential of these materials. For that reason, in the present research, an experimental procedure is designed as a leaching test for construction materials under compaction. The aim of this laboratory test (designed specifically for the granular materials used in civil engineering infrastructures) is to evaluate the release of pollutant elements when the recycled aggregate is tested at its commercial grain-size distribution and when the material is compacted under on-site conditions. Two recycled aggregates with different gypsum contents (0.95 and 2.57%) were used in this study. In addition to the designed leaching laboratory test, the conventional compliance leaching test and the Dutch percolation test were performed. The results of the new leaching method were compared with the conventional leaching test results. After analysis, the chromium and sulphate levels obtained from the newly designed test were lower than those obtained from the conventional leaching test, and these were considered more seriously pollutant elements. This result confirms that when the leaching behaviour is evaluated for construction aggregates without density alteration, crushing the aggregate and using only the finest fraction, as is done in the conventional test (which is an unrealistic situation for aggregates that are applied under on-site conditions), the leaching behaviour is not accurately assessed.
Adela P. Galvín; Jesús Ayuso; Auxi Barbudo; Manuel Cabrera; Antonio López-Uceda; Julia Rosales. Upscaling the pollutant emission from mixed recycled aggregates under compaction for civil applications. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2017, 25, 36014 -36023.
AMA StyleAdela P. Galvín, Jesús Ayuso, Auxi Barbudo, Manuel Cabrera, Antonio López-Uceda, Julia Rosales. Upscaling the pollutant emission from mixed recycled aggregates under compaction for civil applications. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2017; 25 (36):36014-36023.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAdela P. Galvín; Jesús Ayuso; Auxi Barbudo; Manuel Cabrera; Antonio López-Uceda; Julia Rosales. 2017. "Upscaling the pollutant emission from mixed recycled aggregates under compaction for civil applications." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 25, no. 36: 36014-36023.
Social awareness aims to increase practical skills, such as sustainable development, which seeks to increase the use of different types of waste in construction activities. Although insufficient attention is sometimes given to these actions, it is essential to spread information regarding new studies in the field of waste recycling, which encourages and promotes waste use. Reusing and recycling construction waste in the creation of buildings and infrastructure are fundamental strategies to achieving sustainability in the construction and engineering sectors. In this context, the concept of waste would no longer exist, as waste would become a material resource. Therefore, this study analyses the behaviours of two unbound mixed recycled aggregates (MRA) in the structural layers of an unpaved rural road with low traffic (category T43). The sections were built on inappropriate soil (A-7-6) with a high degree of free swelling. The experimental road consisted of three sections: the first was made with natural aggregates (NA) that were used as a control, the second was composed of MRA in the subbase and NA in the base, and the third section was completely composed of MRA. The materials were characterised in the laboratory. The behaviours of the structural layers in the experimental road were determined by controlling compaction (“in situ” density and moisture) and measuring the deflections and load capacity (deflectometer) during the 18 months after construction. The results show that the sections made with recycled aggregates meet the technical specifications required by General Technical Specifications for Road and Bridge Works (PG-3). Therefore, the water-soluble sulphate content and Los Angeles abrasion coefficient limits can be increased for recycled aggregates without compromising the quality of this type of road with low traffic. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study regarding the use of unbound MRA made from construction and demolition waste (CDW) in the construction of an unpaved rural road with low traffic on an expansive clay subgrade.
Isaac Del Rey; Jesús Ayuso; Adela Pérez Galvín; José R. Jiménez; Auxi Barbudo. Feasibility of Using Unbound Mixed Recycled Aggregates from CDW over Expansive Clay Subgrade in Unpaved Rural Roads. Materials 2016, 9, 931 .
AMA StyleIsaac Del Rey, Jesús Ayuso, Adela Pérez Galvín, José R. Jiménez, Auxi Barbudo. Feasibility of Using Unbound Mixed Recycled Aggregates from CDW over Expansive Clay Subgrade in Unpaved Rural Roads. Materials. 2016; 9 (11):931.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIsaac Del Rey; Jesús Ayuso; Adela Pérez Galvín; José R. Jiménez; Auxi Barbudo. 2016. "Feasibility of Using Unbound Mixed Recycled Aggregates from CDW over Expansive Clay Subgrade in Unpaved Rural Roads." Materials 9, no. 11: 931.
This research is focused on analyzing the environmental pollution potential of biomass bottom ashes as individual materials, as mixtures manufactured with biomass bottom ashes and granular construction aggregates, and these mixtures treated with cement. For the environmental assessment of all of the samples and materials mentioned, the following leaching procedures have been performed: the compliance batch test of UNE-EN 12457-3:2003 for aggregates and bottom ashes; the column test according to NEN 7343:1994 for the mixtures prepared in the laboratory; and the tank test by EA NEN 7375:2004 for analyzing the behavior of mixtures after their solidification/stabilization with 5% cement. After the discussion of the data, the reduction of the pollution load of the most hazardous biomass bottom ashes after their combination with different aggregates can be confirmed, which implies their possible application in civil infrastructures, such as filler embankments and road construction layers, without negatively impacting the environment. In addition, the positive effect of the stabilization/solidification of the cement-treated mixtures with a reduction of the heavy metals that were released at the highest levels, namely As, Hg Cr, Ni, Cu, Se and Mo, was proven.
Manuel Cabrera; Adela P. Galvin; Francisco Agrela; Manuel G. Beltran; Jesus Ayuso. Reduction of Leaching Impacts by Applying Biomass Bottom Ash and Recycled Mixed Aggregates in Structural Layers of Roads. Materials 2016, 9, 228 .
AMA StyleManuel Cabrera, Adela P. Galvin, Francisco Agrela, Manuel G. Beltran, Jesus Ayuso. Reduction of Leaching Impacts by Applying Biomass Bottom Ash and Recycled Mixed Aggregates in Structural Layers of Roads. Materials. 2016; 9 (4):228.
Chicago/Turabian StyleManuel Cabrera; Adela P. Galvin; Francisco Agrela; Manuel G. Beltran; Jesus Ayuso. 2016. "Reduction of Leaching Impacts by Applying Biomass Bottom Ash and Recycled Mixed Aggregates in Structural Layers of Roads." Materials 9, no. 4: 228.
Twenty samples of recycled aggregates from construction and demolition waste (CDW) with different compositions collected at six recycling plants in the Andalusia region (south of Spain) were characterised according to the Landfill Directive criteria. Chromium and sulphate were identified as the most critical compounds in the leachates. To detect the sources of these two pollutant constituents in recycled aggregate, environmental assessments were performed on eight construction materials (five unused ceramic materials, two old crushed concretes and one new mortar manufactured in the laboratory). The results confirmed that leached sulphate and Cr were mainly released by the ceramic materials (bricks and tiles). To predict the toxicological consequences, the oxidation states of Cr (III) and Cr (VI) were measured in the leachates of recycled aggregates and ceramic materials classified as non-hazardous. The bricks and tiles mainly released total Cr as Cr (III). However, the recycled aggregates classified as non-hazardous according to the Landfill Directive criteria mainly released Cr (VI), which is highly leachable and extremely toxic. The obtained results highlight the need for legislation that distinguishes the oxidative state in which chromium is released into the environment. Leaching level regulations must not be based solely on total Cr, which can lead to inaccurate predictions.
I. Del Rey; J. Ayuso; A.P. Galvín; J.R. Jiménez; M. López; M.L. García-Garrido. Analysis of chromium and sulphate origins in construction recycled materials based on leaching test results. Waste Management 2015, 46, 278 -286.
AMA StyleI. Del Rey, J. Ayuso, A.P. Galvín, J.R. Jiménez, M. López, M.L. García-Garrido. Analysis of chromium and sulphate origins in construction recycled materials based on leaching test results. Waste Management. 2015; 46 ():278-286.
Chicago/Turabian StyleI. Del Rey; J. Ayuso; A.P. Galvín; J.R. Jiménez; M. López; M.L. García-Garrido. 2015. "Analysis of chromium and sulphate origins in construction recycled materials based on leaching test results." Waste Management 46, no. : 278-286.
I. Del Rey; J. Ayuso; A. Barbudo; Adela P. Galvín; Francisco Agrela; Jorge De Brito. Feasibility study of cement-treated 0–8 mm recycled aggregates from construction and demolition waste as road base layer. Road Materials and Pavement Design 2015, 17, 678 -692.
AMA StyleI. Del Rey, J. Ayuso, A. Barbudo, Adela P. Galvín, Francisco Agrela, Jorge De Brito. Feasibility study of cement-treated 0–8 mm recycled aggregates from construction and demolition waste as road base layer. Road Materials and Pavement Design. 2015; 17 (3):678-692.
Chicago/Turabian StyleI. Del Rey; J. Ayuso; A. Barbudo; Adela P. Galvín; Francisco Agrela; Jorge De Brito. 2015. "Feasibility study of cement-treated 0–8 mm recycled aggregates from construction and demolition waste as road base layer." Road Materials and Pavement Design 17, no. 3: 678-692.
Manuel Cabrera; F. Agrela; J. Ayuso; Adela P. Galvín; Julia Rosales. Feasible use of biomass bottom ash in the manufacture of cement treated recycled materials. Materials and Structures 2015, 49, 3227 -3238.
AMA StyleManuel Cabrera, F. Agrela, J. Ayuso, Adela P. Galvín, Julia Rosales. Feasible use of biomass bottom ash in the manufacture of cement treated recycled materials. Materials and Structures. 2015; 49 (8):3227-3238.
Chicago/Turabian StyleManuel Cabrera; F. Agrela; J. Ayuso; Adela P. Galvín; Julia Rosales. 2015. "Feasible use of biomass bottom ash in the manufacture of cement treated recycled materials." Materials and Structures 49, no. 8: 3227-3238.
Enrique Fernández Ledesma; José Ramón Jiménez; J.M. Fernández; Adela P. Galvín; Francisco Agrela; Mª Auxiliadora Barbudo. Properties of masonry mortars manufactured with fine recycled concrete aggregates. Construction and Building Materials 2014, 71, 289 -298.
AMA StyleEnrique Fernández Ledesma, José Ramón Jiménez, J.M. Fernández, Adela P. Galvín, Francisco Agrela, Mª Auxiliadora Barbudo. Properties of masonry mortars manufactured with fine recycled concrete aggregates. Construction and Building Materials. 2014; 71 ():289-298.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEnrique Fernández Ledesma; José Ramón Jiménez; J.M. Fernández; Adela P. Galvín; Francisco Agrela; Mª Auxiliadora Barbudo. 2014. "Properties of masonry mortars manufactured with fine recycled concrete aggregates." Construction and Building Materials 71, no. : 289-298.
Adela P. Galvín; Jesús Ayuso; Isabel García; José Ramón Jiménez; Francisco Gutiérrez. The effect of compaction on the leaching and pollutant emission time of recycled aggregates from construction and demolition waste. Journal of Cleaner Production 2014, 83, 294 -304.
AMA StyleAdela P. Galvín, Jesús Ayuso, Isabel García, José Ramón Jiménez, Francisco Gutiérrez. The effect of compaction on the leaching and pollutant emission time of recycled aggregates from construction and demolition waste. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2014; 83 ():294-304.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAdela P. Galvín; Jesús Ayuso; Isabel García; José Ramón Jiménez; Francisco Gutiérrez. 2014. "The effect of compaction on the leaching and pollutant emission time of recycled aggregates from construction and demolition waste." Journal of Cleaner Production 83, no. : 294-304.
Francisco Agrela; Manuel Cabrera; Adela P. Galvín; Mª Auxiliadora Barbudo; A. Ramirez. Influence of the sulphate content of recycled aggregates on the properties of cement-treated granular materials using Sulphate-Resistant Portland Cement. Construction and Building Materials 2014, 68, 127 -134.
AMA StyleFrancisco Agrela, Manuel Cabrera, Adela P. Galvín, Mª Auxiliadora Barbudo, A. Ramirez. Influence of the sulphate content of recycled aggregates on the properties of cement-treated granular materials using Sulphate-Resistant Portland Cement. Construction and Building Materials. 2014; 68 ():127-134.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancisco Agrela; Manuel Cabrera; Adela P. Galvín; Mª Auxiliadora Barbudo; A. Ramirez. 2014. "Influence of the sulphate content of recycled aggregates on the properties of cement-treated granular materials using Sulphate-Resistant Portland Cement." Construction and Building Materials 68, no. : 127-134.
Manuel G. Beltrán; Auxi Barbudo; Francisco Agrela; Adela P. Galvín; José Ramón Jiménez. Effect of cement addition on the properties of recycled concretes to reach control concretes strengths. Journal of Cleaner Production 2014, 79, 124 -133.
AMA StyleManuel G. Beltrán, Auxi Barbudo, Francisco Agrela, Adela P. Galvín, José Ramón Jiménez. Effect of cement addition on the properties of recycled concretes to reach control concretes strengths. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2014; 79 ():124-133.
Chicago/Turabian StyleManuel G. Beltrán; Auxi Barbudo; Francisco Agrela; Adela P. Galvín; José Ramón Jiménez. 2014. "Effect of cement addition on the properties of recycled concretes to reach control concretes strengths." Journal of Cleaner Production 79, no. : 124-133.
Each year, millions of tonnes of waste are generated worldwide, partially through the construction and demolition of buildings. Recycling the resulting waste could reduce the amount of materials that need to be manufactured. Accordingly, the present work has analysed the potential reuse of construction waste in concrete manufacturing by replacing the natural aggregate with recycled concrete coarse aggregate. However, incorporating alternative materials in concrete manufacturing may increase the pollutant potential of the product, presenting an environmental risk via ground water contamination. The present work has tested two types of concrete batches that were manufactured with different replacement percentages. The experimental procedure analyses not only the effect of the portion of recycled aggregate on the physical properties of concrete but also on the leaching behaviour as indicative of the contamination degree. Thus, parameters such as slump, density, porosity and absorption of hardened concrete, were studied. Leaching behaviour was evaluated based on the availability test performed to three aggregates (raw materials of the concrete batches) and on the diffusion test performed to all concrete. From an environmental point of view, the question of whether the cumulative amount of heavy metals that are released by diffusion reaches the availability threshold was answered. The analysis of concentration levels allowed the establishment of different groups of metals according to the observed behaviour, the analysis of the role of pH and the identification of the main release mechanisms. Finally, through a statistical analysis, physical parameters and diffusion data were interrelated. It allowed estimating the relevance of porosity, density and absorption of hardened concrete on diffusion release of the metals in study.
A.P. Galvín; F. Agrela; Jesus Ayuso; M.G. Beltrán; A. Barbudo. Leaching assessment of concrete made of recycled coarse aggregate: Physical and environmental characterisation of aggregates and hardened concrete. Waste Management 2014, 34, 1693 -1704.
AMA StyleA.P. Galvín, F. Agrela, Jesus Ayuso, M.G. Beltrán, A. Barbudo. Leaching assessment of concrete made of recycled coarse aggregate: Physical and environmental characterisation of aggregates and hardened concrete. Waste Management. 2014; 34 (9):1693-1704.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA.P. Galvín; F. Agrela; Jesus Ayuso; M.G. Beltrán; A. Barbudo. 2014. "Leaching assessment of concrete made of recycled coarse aggregate: Physical and environmental characterisation of aggregates and hardened concrete." Waste Management 34, no. 9: 1693-1704.